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Prep for Work Placement, Ara > Final exam > Flashcards

Final exam Flashcards

1
Q

Sample is

A

a subset of your population

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2
Q

A sample should represent

A

the diversity of the population

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3
Q

Types of probability sample

A

Simple random
Systematic sampling
Stratified random sampling
Cluster sampling

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4
Q

How many types of sample

A

Two

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5
Q

All probability samples require ___ and ____

A

A sampling frame and a way of randomly selecting the sample

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6
Q

Multiple whys is used to

A

identify cause vs symptoms

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7
Q

Four parts of research question

A

Best practice question
Background question
Improvement question
Specific improvement question

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8
Q

A population is

A

all the people/objects/ideas/places that you could possibly collect data from

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9
Q

Non-probability sampling does NOT require ____ and _____

A

A sampling frame and random selection

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10
Q

In non-probability sampling, each element ____ have an equal opportunity of being selected as part of your sample

A

doesn’t

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11
Q

Types of non-probability samples

A

Convenience sampling/Opportunity sampling/Accidental or haphazard sampling (names for the same thing)
Snowball sampling
Judgemental Sampling or Purposive sampling
Quota sampling

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12
Q

Assumptions and limitations are concerned with the ____ and ____ of their methodology

A

validity and reliability

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13
Q

Validity

A

Correctness

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14
Q

Reliability

A

Consistency

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15
Q

Assumptions and limitations are not about ____ issues

A

logistical

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16
Q

Ethical considerations

A 
Avoiding harm to participants
Informed consent
Privacy
Confidentiality
Professionalism
Insider researcher status
Conflict of interest
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17
Q

Reflection

A

Is when you’re directly involved in a process

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18
Q

Convenience/opportunity/accidental/haphazard sampling is used for

A

collecting data from elements of population that you have ease of access to

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19
Q

Convenience sampling is often used to get data from

A

general public

20
Q

snowball sampling is only used for

A

hidden populations (illegal, anti-social activities)

21
Q

insider researcher status is when you

A

have informal or formal power in organisation

22
Q

conflict of interest is when you could

A

benefit or be harmed by outcome

23
Q

content analysis is defined as

A

“systematic, replaceable technique for compressing many words of text into fewer content categories based on explicit rules of coding” (Stemler, 2001)

24
Q

content analysis enables a researcher to sort through

A

large volumes of data simply and systematically

25
Q

What source material can content analysis be applied to?

A 
Interview transcripts
Legislation
Policy documents
Process documents
Checklists
Websites
Blogs
Social media pages
Hard copy promotional material
Videos
Recorded radio advertisements
Recorded television advertisements
26
Q

What types of information and content analysis provide?

A 
Compliance issues
Alignment of policy/process
Identify sections of a policy
Layout of printed source material
Structure of non-printed material
Ideas contained in material
27
Q

Content analysis won’t tell me

A

Why/how

28
Q

To understand why/how something was done

A

Pair content analysis with interview

29
Q

A frame work is a

A

set of dimensions applied to source material

30
Q

Internal validity/reliability concerns

A

primary data collection method

31
Q

External validity/reliability concerns

A

sampling method

32
Q

Difference between survey and questionnaire

A

Survey done with researcher present, questionnaire done without researcher

33
Q

We use a survey/questionnaire when

A

Need quantitive and qualitative data
Need specific info that is familiar to respondents
Researcher has prior knowledge of the likely responses

34
Q

Free-response or open ended question

A

Respondent free to give whatever answer they’d like

35
Q

Dichotomous question

A

respondent chooses from two options

36
Q

Closed questions

A

Dichotomous questions
Multiple-choice
Checklist
Rating

37
Q

Surveys should include a maximum of ___ options in multiple-choice questions

A

5

38
Q

Interviews are needed for ___ data

A

rich

39
Q

Types of interviews

A

Structured
Semi-structured
Open or non-directive

40
Q

Assumptions for interviews

A

Questions based on theory relevant to problem
Respondents will not misinterpret interview questions
Respondents will be honest
Accurate recall
Engage consistently

41
Q

Observation is a data collection method utilised when you are ____ of a phenomenon

A

outside

42
Q

Reflection is appropriate when researcher is ____ the phenomenon

A

inside

43
Q

Information that observation can provide

A

Steps in a process
How to complete steps
The order in which individuals complete steps
Alignment of behaviour vs standards
Physical layout of workspace
Environmental factors of customer area/workspace

44
Q

Observation needs to be conducted ethically, therefore Ara students will need to supply subjects an ____

A

observation consent form

45
Q

Observational data may be recorded ____ or utilise a ____

A

chronologically, framework

46
Q

Assumptions and limitations of observation

A

Usefulness of dimensions (validity)
Accurate application of framework (validity)
Apply framework consistently (reliability)
Accurate recording (validity)
Consistent in focus of factors recorded (reliability)
Consistent in how factors recorded (reliability)

47
Q

Assumptions and limitations of reflection

A

Usefulness of dimensions in the framework (validity)
Accurately apply reflection (reliability)
Accurately record experiences (validity)
Memory is accurate (validity)
Consistent in how they record experiences (reliability)

Prep for Work Placement, Ara (1 decks)

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