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PSYCH HS > Final Exam 11/21 > Flashcards

Final Exam 11/21 Flashcards

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1
Q

Love

A

a special kind of attitude, with strong emotional and behavioral components. It is also a phenomenon that eludes easy definition or explanation

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2
Q

Passionate love

A

aka romantic love or infatuation, is a state of extreme absorption with and desire for another. It is characterized by feelings of tenderness, elation, anxiety, sexual desire, and ecstasy. It is often short-lived

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3
Q

Companionate Love

A

a less intense emotion than passionate love, it is characterized by friendly affection and a deep attachment that is based on extensive familiarity with the loved one.

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4
Q

3 dimensions of Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love

A
  1. Passion
  2. Intimacy
  3. commitment
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5
Q

Passion

A

the motivational component of Sternbergs TTL. tends to develop rapidly and intensely in the early stages of a love relationship and then declines as the relationship progresses

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6
Q

intimacy

A

the emotional component of Sternbergs TTL. continues to build overtime at different rates

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7
Q

commitment

A

the thinking component of Sternbergs TTL. continues to build overtime at different rates

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8
Q

Non-love

A

the absence of all 3 components of Sternbergs TTL

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9
Q

Lee’s 6 styles of loving

A
  1. romantic
  2. game-playing
  3. possessive
  4. companionate
  5. altruistic
  6. pragmatic
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10
Q

Romantic love style (eros)

A

tend to place their emphasis on physical beauty as they search for ideal mates

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11
Q

Game-playing love style (ludus)

A

like to play the field and acquire many sexual “conquests” with little or no commitment

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12
Q

possessive love style (mania)

A

tend to seek obsessive love relationships, which are often characterized by turmoil and jealousy

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13
Q

companionate love style (storge)

A

are slow to develop affection and commitment but tend to experience relationships that endure

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14
Q

altruistic love stype (agape)

A

characterized by selflessness and caring, compassionate desire to give to another w/o expectation of reciprocity

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15
Q

pragmatic love style (pragma)

A

tend to select lovers based on rational, practical criteria that are likely to lead to mutual satisfation

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16
Q

neurotransmitters

A

chemicals that wllos brain cells to communicate with each other and are chemically similar to amphetamines and produce similar effects like euphoria, giddiness, and elation

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17
Q

endorphins

A

another set of neurotransmitters that are pain-blunting chemicals and are soothing substances that help produce a sense of euphoria, security, tranquility, and peace

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18
Q

Oxytocin

A

secreted by the hypothalamus during cuddling and physical intimacy plays an important role in facilitating social attachment and in fostering feelings of being loved

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19
Q

proximity

A

the geographic nearness of one person to another, which is an important factor in inter-personal attraction

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20
Q

mere exposure effect

A

a phenomenon in which repeated exposure to novel stimuli tends to increase an individual’s liking for such stimuli

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21
Q

similiarity

A

shared beliefs, interest, and values which is a factor in attracting people to one another

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22
Q

homophily

A

the tendacy to form relationships with people of similar or equal status in various social and personal attributes

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23
Q

reciprocity

A

the principle that when we are recipients of expressions of liking or loving, we tend to respond in kind

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24
Q

physical attractiveness

A

physical beauty, which is a powerful factor in attracting lovers with one another

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25
Q

attachment

A

intense emotional tie between 2 individuals, such as an infant and a parent or adult lovers

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26
Q

securely attached

A

best equipped to establish stable and satisfying relationships. These individuals find it easy to get close to others and feel comfortable with others ebing close to them, They feel secure in relationships and do not fear being abandoned. relationship duration avg 10 yrs

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27
Q

anxious-ambivalent attached

A

often have poor self-image and feel insecure in relationships. these indiv. might want to get close to a partner very much but fear that their partner does not want to get close to them. characterized by rollercoaster emotional shifts and obsessive sexual attraction and jealousy. relationship duration avg 5 yrs

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28
Q

avoidant

A

very uncomfortable being close to others. worry about being dependent on another and distrustful of someone depending on them. fear intimacy and experience emotional shifts from highs to lows.relationship duration avg 6 yrs

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29
Q

hook-ups

A

short-term, loveless sexual liasons that occur during a brief interval

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30
Q

friends with benefits

A

sexual interaction between friends who do not define their relationship as romantic

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31
Q

jealousy

A

an aversive emotional reaction evoked by a real or imagined relationship involving one’s partner and a third person

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32
Q

Ingredients commonly present in a lasting love relationship

A
  • self acceptance
  • acceptance of one’s partner
  • appreciation of one another
  • commitment
  • good communication
  • realistic expectations
  • shared interests
  • equality in decision making
  • the ability to face conflict effectively
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33
Q

How to talk about sex (7 ways)

A
  • talk about why it is hard to talk about it
  • reading and discussing
  • sharing sexual histories
  • be an active listener
  • maintain eye contact
  • provide feedback
  • support your partner’s communication efforts
  • express unconditional positive regard
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34
Q

5 Strategies for Expressing Complaints

A
  1. choose the right time and place
  2. temper complaints with praise
  3. avoid why questions
  4. express negative emotions appropriately
  5. limit complaints to one per discussion
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35
Q

4 Ways to Receive Complaints

A
  1. acknowledge a complaint and find something to agree with
  2. ask clarifying questions
  3. express your feelings
  4. focus on future changes you can make
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36
Q

celibate

A

a physically mature person who does not engage in sexual behavior

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37
Q

Erotic Waking Fantasies

A

commonly occure during daydreams, masturbation, or sexual encounters with a partner

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38
Q

functions of fantasy

A
  • source of pleasure and arousal
  • can help people overcome anxiety and facilitate sexual functioning or compensate for a somewhat negative sexual situation
  • allow tolerable expression of “forbidden fantasies”
  • provide relief from gender role expecations
39
Q

purposes of masturbation

A
  • relieve sexual tensions
  • self-exploration
  • helpfl for women learning to experience orgasms and men experimenting with their response patterns to increase ejaculatory control
  • help sleep at night
40
Q

Characteristic of adults who are most-likely to masturbate

A
  • liberal views
  • college educated
  • living with a sexual partner
  • white
41
Q

Lowest rate of masturbation

A

Hispanic women

42
Q

Maltz hierarchy of sexual interactions

A 
\+3 Authentic Sexual Intimacy
\+2 Making Love
\+ 1 Positive Role Fulfillment
Sexual Energy (ground 0)
-1 impersonal interaction
-2 abusive interaction
-3 violent interaction
43
Q

authentic sexual intimacy

A

emotional openness and closeness; feelings of ecstacy

44
Q

making love

A

pleasure focused; mutuality; experimentation

45
Q

positive role fulfillment

A

social-role behavior; religious or cultural duty; sex for reproduction

46
Q

impersonal interaction

A

lack of responsibility for birth control; sexually transmitted infections, or well-being of self or other

47
Q

abusive interaction

A

sexual dominance and coercion

48
Q

violent interaction

A

sex used to express hostility; rape

49
Q

cunnilingus

A

oral stimulation of the vulva

50
Q

fellatio

A

oral simulation of the penis

51
Q

intromission

A

insertion of the penis into the vagina

52
Q

tantric thought

A

an erotic act of love between a god and a goddess created the world

53
Q

sexual fluidity

A

variablilty in the same-sex and other-sex attraction and involvement at different times and in different situations throughout the life span

54
Q

Pyschosocial Homosexual Orientation Theories

A
  1. the by default myth
  2. the seduction myth
  3. freuds theory
55
Q

By Default Myth

A

unhappy heterosexual experiences causes a person to become homosexual

56
Q

the seduction myth

A

young men and women become homosexual b/c they have been seduced by older homosexual people or they have “caught it” from someone

57
Q

Freud’s Theory

A

childhood experiences and relationships with parents affect orientation

58
Q

gender nonconformity

A

a lack of conformity to stereotypical masculine and feminine behaviors

59
Q

Surgical procedures to “cure” homosexuality

A
  • castration
  • lobotomy
  • psychotherapy
  • drugs, hormones
  • hypnosis
  • shock treatment
  • aversion therapy
60
Q

gay affirmative therapy

A

therapy to help homosexuals cope with negative societal attitudes

61
Q

conversion therapy/sexual reorientation therapy

A

therapy to help homosexuals change their orientation

62
Q

serial monogomy

A

moving through a succession of sexually exclusive relationships

63
Q

cohabitation

A

living together and having a sexual relationship w.o being married

64
Q

domestic partnership

A

an un married couple living in the same household in a committed relationship

65
Q

cohabitating women

A

have partners who are less educated tha, or as educated as they are

66
Q

married women

A

tend to have husbands who are better educated than they are

67
Q

collectivist cultures

A
  • contemporary india, Pakistan, Thailand, the Philippines, the middle east, and other parts of asia and Africa
  • emphasize group goals
  • primary purpose of marriage is to unite families rather than just 2 people
  • often parents arrange marriages
  • more likely to practice polygamy
68
Q

individualist cultures

A
  • present day Canada, Europe, USA, Australia, brazil
  • stress individual desires and goals over family interests
  • place more emphasis on feelings of love as a basis for marriage
69
Q

matriarchal society

A

a society in which women carry the family name through the generations and govern the economy. and social affairs of the community

70
Q

Successful marriage interactions ratio

A

5 positive to every 1 negative

71
Q

nonmonogomy

A

sexual interaction outside of a couple relationship, whether the couple are married, living together, or identify themselves as a couple

72
Q

extramarital relationship

A

a term used only for married couples

73
Q

consensual extramarital relationship

A

a sexual relationship that occurs outside the marriage bond w/ the consent of one’s spouse

74
Q

swinging

A

the exchange of marital partners for sexual interaction

75
Q

open marriage

A

a marriage in which spouses, with each others’ permission, have intimate relationships with other people as well as with the marital partner

76
Q

polyamory

A

multiple consensual sexual relationships of trios, groups of couples, and intentionally created families that emphasize emotional commitment

77
Q

nonconsensual extramarital sex

A

sexual interaction in which a married person engages in an outside sexual relationship w/o the consent (or knowledge) of his or her spouse

78
Q

paraphilia

A

uncommon types of sexual desires

79
Q

atypical sexual behaviors

A

behaviors not typically expressed by most people in our society ranging from mild to full blown and often occur in clusters

80
Q

erotosexual differentiation

A

the development of sexual arousal in presonse to various kinds of images or stimuli

81
Q

Noncoercive

A

strictly solo activities or involve the participation of consensual adults who agree to engage in, onserve, or just put up with a particular variant behavior

82
Q

Coercive

A

involve unwilling recipients of the behavior

83
Q

Types of Noncoercive paraphilias

A
  • fetishism
  • transvestic fetisishm
  • sexual sadism
  • sexual masochism
  • autoerotic asphyxia
  • klismophilia
  • corprohilia
  • urophilia
84
Q

Types of coercive paraphilias

A
  • exhibitionism
  • obscene phone calls
  • voyeurism
  • frotteurism
  • zoophilia
  • necrophilia
85
Q

Fetishism

A

a sexual behavior in which a person obtains sexual excitement primarily or excluseively from an inanimate object or a particular part of the body

86
Q

transvestic fetishism

A

a sexual behavior in which a person derives sexual arousal from wearing clothing of the other sex

87
Q

sadomasochistic behavior

A

the association of sexual expression with pain

88
Q

sexual sadism

A

the act of obtaining sexual arousal through giving physical or psychological pain

89
Q

sexual masochism

A

the act of obtaining sexual arousal through receiving physical or psychological pain

90
Q

autoerotic asphyxia

A

the enhancement of sexual excitement and orgasm by pressure-induced oxygen deprivation

91
Q

klismaphilia

A

an unusual variant of sexual expression in which an individual obtains sexual pleasure from receiving enemas

92
Q

coprohilia

A

a sexual paraphilia in which a person obtains sexual arousal from contact with feces

93
Q

urophilia

A

a sexual paraphilia in which a person obtains sexual arousal from contact with urine

PSYCH HS (1 decks)

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