Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

According to the text, which of the following is likely for poor children?

A

To live in unsafe neighbourhoods

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2
Q

Which term refers to the condition of being unable to access adequate and secure income that can ensure healthy lives free from significant financial worries?

A

Income Insecurity

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3
Q

Which statement best describes individuals on social assistance

A

Working can result in becoming worse off financially

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4
Q

There are no exact figures for the number of homeless people in Canada. What is a conservative estimate of the number of homeless Canadians in any given night?

A

50,000

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5
Q

What does the Statistics Canada low income cut-off take into account?

A

Family size

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6
Q

According to the text, who is more likely to be in a chronic low-income situation?

A

Indigenous families

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7
Q

Which of the following is least likely to be given as a reason for the increase in homelessness?

A

Sharp increases in costs of food and other essentials

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8
Q

When were most of the social security programs now available in Canada established?

A

After World War II

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9
Q

In Canada, the low income cut-off is a measure of which type of poverty?

A

Relative poverty

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10
Q

What makes up the largest single group of poor people in Canada?

A

Children

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11
Q

Among Indigenous peoples, what was the traditional expectation of the grandparent generation?

A

They were responsible for socializing children.

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12
Q

Which of the following is a government service that can help keep seniors living in their own homes?

A

Providing grants to help make their homes accessible

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13
Q

Why do women typically tend to manage better than men after the death of a spouse?

A

They depend on children and friends for social and economical support.

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14
Q

What is the main purpose of the CPP/QPP?

A

To provide workers and their families with a modest pension upon retirement.

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15
Q

According to the text, which of the following is likely to describe an older man who is satisfied with their life?

A

Reasonably healthy.

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16
Q

In many cases, what is the effect of living in a nursing home?

A

It makes a private life virtually impossible.

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17
Q

Who are sociologists likely referring to when they describe the “old”?

A

Those between 75 and 84 years of age.

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18
Q

What is an important factor for older people remaining independent?

A

Their financial status.

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19
Q

Why are men more likely than women to remarry?

A

There are more eligible women than men available.

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20
Q

Which of the following is an example of social age?

A

People in their 60’s are expected to be grandparents.

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21
Q

Which group is least likely to re-enter a union?

A

Divorced women with young children.

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22
Q

Where do most of the youngest teen mothers live?

A

At their parents house

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23
Q

Jane became a lone parent when her husband died. Which statement most likely describes Jane in comparison to never-married and divorced parents?

A

She is less likely to remarry because she is probably older.

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24
Q

What would the feminist perspective focus on in relation to lone-parent families?

A

The fact that the majority is headed by mothers.

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25
Q

When do children from lone-parent families have more difficulties in both relationships and school?

A

When their mothers use a hostile parenting-style.

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26
Q

In the 2006 Census, which group had the lowest proportion of lone-parent families?

A

Chinese.

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27
Q

Why have we seen an overall increase in the number of single teen mothers?

A

Fewer teen mothers are married.

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28
Q

Which group has the lowest average total incomes?

A

Female one-parent families.

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29
Q

Which term refers to informal networks of friends and relatives who provide information, assistance, and understanding?

A

Social support

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30
Q

In 2011, which province had the highest proportion of lone-parent families?

A

Nova Scotia.

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31
Q

What is one trend that is likely to continue into the future?

A

The number of “different” family forms will increase.

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32
Q

According to the text, what do changes in family result in?

A

Changes in social policy

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33
Q

What has the family been able to do over time?

A

Meet individual and social needs

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34
Q

What is usually considered a benefit of communications technology?

A

Working parents keep in touch with their children with cell phones.

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35
Q

What is one result of government efforts to reduce deficits?

A

Placing more responsibility on family members for the physical care of relatives.

36
Q

What will the effect of communications technology depend primarily on?

A

How people make use of it.

37
Q

What is one change from past marriage patterns?

A

More same-sex couples are being legally married.

38
Q

What dilemma may be posed by the need of the elderly for more care as they age?

A

More nursing homes versus more home care services.

39
Q

According to the text, what has happened to the family throughout history?

A

It has shown itself to be extremely adaptable.

40
Q

According to the text, what is one practical question arising from the aging of the population?

A

How will the care of seniors be paid for?

41
Q

What is a main assumed duty given to women

A

Housecleaning, raising children

42
Q

Why are children from the same family turning out differently

A

Birth order and personality traits

43
Q

What parenting style is child-centred?

A

Attachment parenting

44
Q

What is the future of socialization?

A

Peers will have a larger affect.

45
Q

How do Indigenous families view children?

A

They’re a gift from the Creator

46
Q

Differences between adopted children growing up vs. biological.

A
47
Q

Children with authoritative parents are…

A

achievers, competent and friendly

48
Q

What traits does a middle child have?

A

A hellion or mediator

49
Q

The definition of a child taking on the role of a parent.

A
50
Q

As a family gets larger, what’s an effect?

A

Mother has less positive time with each child

51
Q

As a family is smaller, what’s an effect?

A

An only child can miss out on growing up with children and may “mature” faster since they’re surrounded by adults.

52
Q

Agents of Socialization

A

Child care, family, friends, schools.

53
Q

Why do parents choose homeschooling?

A

To be the ones socializing their children, not the government.

54
Q

Benefits and consequences of peers.

A

Will create valuable relationships but peers can also be a bad influence.

55
Q

What percentage of children have internet access?

A

99%

56
Q

What are the different ways of aging?

A

Social age: how you act
Physical age: biological change that occurs with age
Chronological: the years you have lived
Psychological: change in cognitive abilities.

57
Q

In 2015, how many people were 65+

A
58
Q

What is defined as young old?

A

65-74 years old

59
Q

How can we tell that society is shifting from a patrilineal to a matrilineal family organization?

A

Women keep their maiden name

60
Q

Why is there concern over the effect of communications technology on family relationships?

A

Children’s expertise may erode parent’s authority

61
Q

Which of the following is a tend in the Canadian population?

A

The population as a whole is getting older.

62
Q

Dy. Kerry Daly suggests that we are caught up in negative stories about the family. Which belief are these stories linked to?

A

That the family is fragile and declining

63
Q

Advances in technology raising concerns about which of the following?

A

The effect of using communications technology on family relationships

64
Q

What has happened as a result of changes in marriage and child-bearing patterns in recent years?

A

More children live in step-families than before.

65
Q

According to the text, which group was counted in the Census for the first time in 2011?

A

Stepfamilies

66
Q

What is the effect of poverty on the education of poor children?

A

Poor children are often not as ready for school as others because of limited experiences, as well as physical and health.

67
Q

Which statement best describes those who move out of poverty?

A

They are likely to go from a one-adult to a two-adult, two-earner household.

68
Q

Why has there been a decrease in poverty among the elderly?

A

Because of improved pensions and government benefits

69
Q

Which family is least likely to be living in poverty?

A

A married couple with both employed

70
Q

What is one of the problem with job-creation efforts?

A

Many of the jobs pay low wages

71
Q

Stephanie is part of the group of adults in Canada with the largest percentage living below poverty. What is Stephanie?

A

A lone mother

72
Q

What is ageism?

A

A form of discrimination based on age

73
Q

Which statement best describes research on sibling relationships among older adults?

A

It has received little attention until recently.

74
Q

In 2011, what percentage of grandparents lived with their grandchildren?

A

8%

75
Q

For whom do long-term economic hardships tend to be greater following a spouse’s death?

A

Women, because their pensions are often limited.

76
Q

According to the text, what is life satisfaction related to for older people?

A

The degree to which they can control their own lives.

77
Q

According to the text, what is an important function of a funeral?

A

An occasion for formal leave taking of the person who has died.

78
Q

Which of the provinces/territories has the lowest proportion of older residents?

A

Alberta

79
Q

For 45 years, Harriets life was centred on her husband and family. When Harriet’s husband died, what did she probably experience.

A

A loss of identity

80
Q

How did Erik Erkison describe the psychosocial task of old age?

A

An integrity versus despair

81
Q

What stigma is used for lone-parents

A

Their family is incomplete

82
Q

According to the text, one way to break single parents dependency on social assistance involves policies that:

A

Creates affordable childcare

83
Q

Which of the following groups has the best chance of being financially stable?

A

widows

84
Q

Why are teen mothers unlikely to improve their financial status even when they marry?

A

Their partners typically have poor financial prospects

85
Q

What behaviour is more likely to happen in children when their mothers have multiple romantic relationships?

A

anxious and aggressive

86
Q

In 1961, what was the leading cause of lone-parents?

A

Death of a spouse