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Humanities Final Exam > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Who is Boethius?

A

taught music that is primarily mathematical and referred to this type of music as music mundana

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2
Q

Know the nave, transept, and apse in the Chartres Cathedral and 3 key features of Gothic Architecture.

A

Nave- long walk way
Transept- intersect the nave (sides of the cross layout)
Apse- rounded section near the alter

  1. Flying buttresses
  2. Ribbed vaults
  3. Pointed arches
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3
Q

What is a flying buttress?

A

Used on the sides of walls to support weight

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4
Q

Good Shepherd from San Vitale, Ravenna

A

Most famous piece of art at the church, shows Jesus as a good shepherd, which was the dominate image of christ during this time.

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5
Q

Gospel Book of Archbishop Ebbo (Mark’s Gospel)

A

This illuminated manuscript shows the gospel writers at work, looking urgent, shows elements of classical art (deep shadows, wet cloth, 3D figures, non natural sky)

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6
Q

What is Iconography?

A

Pictures painted in a way to make the holy person look eternal and is intended to allow the person to focus on prayer and point you toward God.

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7
Q

What are illuminated manuscripts?

A

Manuscripts that were copied my monks. The letters are the beginning of paragraphs had pictures in the middle

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8
Q

Last Judgement Tympanum of Church of St. Lazare

A

Large semi circle over the door, which shows angels on one side and demons on the other and depicts Christ during the final judgement of humanity.

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9
Q

What is melismatic?

A

Singing that refers to several notes to one syllable and was useful for the Proper of the mass and could nourish contemplation.

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10
Q

What is monophony?

A

Music with a single “part” and a “part” typically means a single vocal melody, but it could mean a single melody on an instrument of one kind.

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11
Q

What is a “plain chant”

A

A monophonic, which means unison singing (usually of the psalms)

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12
Q

What are pointed arches?

A

Gothic arch is an arch with a pointed crown, whose two curving sides meet at a relatively sharp angle at the top of the arch.

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13
Q

What is polyphony?

A

Contrast to monophony of plainchant and is made up of many voices/parts.

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14
Q

What are ribbed vaults?

A

An architectural feature for covering a wide space, such as a church nave, composed of a framework of crossed or diagonal arched ribs

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15
Q

What is romanesque?

A

Style of art that focuses on Roman arches and pilars

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16
Q

St. Francis, Bonaventura Berlinghieri

A

Not very naturalistic, very iconic, focus on the saint and not the picture itself. It is filled with scenes from St. Francis life and shows that he received the stigmata (wounds of Christ).

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17
Q

What is an anchorite?

A

Withdraw from the world and enter into a solitary life in an enclosed fixed space

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18
Q

What is adoptionism?

A

A form of subordinationism that claims that Jesus was a great prophet whom God the Father “adopted” as his special son. Proponents of this form of subordinationism also essentially ignore the Holy Spirit.

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19
Q

What is arianism?

A

Rejects that Christ was fully divine

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20
Q

What is Atonement: Chirstus Victor?

A

The heart of Christ’s atoning work for humanity is his invasion and conquest of Satan’s territory where humans have been held captive.

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21
Q

What is donatism?

A

Church must be holy. Sacraments conferred by those deemed to be “unholy” are not valid.

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22
Q

What is the Edict of Milan?

A

The Roman Emperor Constantine legalizes Christianity in 313 AD.

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23
Q

What is the Eucharist?

A

A necessity for salvation. Eucharist is communion, the taking the body and blood of Christ.

24
Q

What is excommunication?

A

The banning from sacramental life because of a grave sin. It is intended for the person to repent, confess, and return to the church

25
Q

Describe a Medieval University

A
  1. New translations
  2. Emergence of new educational institutions
  3. Emergence of professionalism
26
Q

What is modalism?

A

The divine persons are not distinct. God appears in three different ways.

27
Q

What is monophysitism?

A

Jesus was not fully human, only divine

28
Q

What is Mysticism?

A

A religion or religious belief based on union or communion with a deity, or divine being

29
Q

What is pilgrimage?

A

Visit sites associated with saints or miraculous events

30
Q

Who is Plotinus?

A

A main teacher in Neo-Platonic schools who focused solely on Plato and set Aristotle aside

31
Q

Who is Porphyry?

A

A main teacher in Neo- Platonic schools who focused on the synthesis between Plato and Aristotle

32
Q

What is the problem of evil?

A

The question of how to reconcile the existence of evil and suffering with an omnipotent, omnibenevolent, and omniscient (all powerful) God.

33
Q

What is atonement: moral influence?

A

Attempted to develop an explanation of Christ’s atoning work that would do greater justice to God’s love as it suggests that Christ, by laying down his life for humanity, causes a change in sinners’ hearts so that they are drawn to God.

34
Q

What is atonement: Penal Substitution Theory?

A

Proposed that in dying on the cross, Jesus Christ suffered the punishment humanity deserved and thus God’s righteous anger and tender love were reconciled; his wrath was assuaged and his compassion expressed

35
Q

What is atonement: ransom theory?

A

Teaches that the death of Christ was a ransom sacrifice, usually said to have ben paid to Satan, in satisfaction for the bondage and debt on the souls of humanity as a result of inherited sin.

36
Q

what is atonement: Satisfaction Theory?

A

Proposed that Christ’s death on the cross was not so much a conquest as a transaction, and was best explained in terms of a feudal contract.

37
Q

What is apollianarism?

A

Jesus is not fully human because He lacks a rational soul

38
Q

Describe the Athanasian Creed.

A

The equality of the three persons of the Trinity is explicitly stated. It was designed to distinguish Nicene Christianity from the heresy of Arianism.

39
Q

Who was Bishop Ambrose?

A

The person instrumental in the faith devolvement and was a valued mentor for Augustine.

40
Q

What is the Filioque?

A

Major cause for the Great schism. The phrase “and of the son” in the Nicene Creed.

41
Q

What is the Great Schism?

A

The split between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church over papacy, the Filioque, and liturgical practices

42
Q

What is Guanilo’s Objection?

A

An augment such that of Saint Anselm to try to prove there is no such thing as the perfect island.

43
Q

What are holy orders?

A

Includes monks, nuns, priests, bishops, and the pope and they dedicate their lives to Christ.

44
Q

What is the Hypostatic union?

A

The belief in a perfect union of two distinct but never separated natures- one human and one divine- in one integral, eternal divine person.

45
Q

What is imitatio christi?

A

The theme of medieval handbooks on devotion that directed Christians to use their imagination to partake more fully in the passion of Christ’s suffering.

46
Q

What is Manichaeism?

A

The belief of two equal forces in the universe, good- spirit and bad- matter.

Augustine left this group over their views.

47
Q

What is Neo- Platonism?

A

Believed that evil was not a thing. Goodness is fullness of being and evil is like a vacuum (literal nothing).

Augustine found this group helpful

48
Q

What is nestorianism?

A

Jesus Christ was really two persons working in harmony, with the human one suffering and dying and the divine one performing miracles and remaining untouched by weakness

49
Q

What is the Nicene Creed?

A

There is one God who exists in three persons. Jesus, as God the Son, suffered and died as a fully human being to save other humans from sin. Jesus rose from the dead and is seated in Heaven as the Son of God

50
Q

What is original sin?

A

Augustine developed this doctrine which describes a key consequence of the Fall and our subsequent need for salvation. The tendency to sin

51
Q

What is ouisa?

A

essense/ substance

52
Q

What is pelagianism?

A

If we have a moral responsibility to follow God’s law, we must have more ability to do so. With God’s grace, humans can obtain perfection, and since perfection is possible, we are obligated to pursue it.

53
Q

What is penance?

A

Confession provides a way to repent sins, which when said to a priest grants absolution (forgiveness)

54
Q

What are relics?

A

Clothing or items of saints

55
Q

What are sacraments?

A

Outward and visible sign of an inward and spiritual grace

“Vehicle” of God’s grace

56
Q

What is the trinity?

A

Three divine persons are the same.

57
Q

What is tritheism?

A

There are three gods

Humanities Final Exam (1 decks)

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