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Pt As A Learner > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the act of teaching?

A

pedogogy

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2
Q

What focuses on adult learning?

A

andragogy

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3
Q

What are the 4 common learning theories?

A
  • behaviorism
  • cognitive
  • experiential/problem solving
  • social-cultural
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4
Q

What is the process of learning that involves rewarding correct behavior until the behavioral change is consistently demonstrated?

A

behaviorism

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5
Q

When does behaviorism work well?

A
  • when teaching a skill with a measurable action

- praise/reward given

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6
Q

What is cognitive learning theory?

A

Learners construct meaningful knowledge by connecting new concepts or knowledge to what they already know.

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7
Q

Learning is an _____ process, moving from simple and concrete to the complex and abstract.

A

active

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8
Q

What is experiential/problem solving learning theory?

A

must learn not only what but also how to apply what they know

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9
Q

What type of reflection is involved with experiential/problem solving?

A

reflection in action

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10
Q

What is social-cultural learning?

A

learning that occurs in the social or practice setting

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11
Q

In the 2x2 matrix, what asks Why? Why Not?

A

Diverging - feeling and watching

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12
Q

In the 2x2 matrix, what asks What?

A

Assimilating - watching and thinking

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13
Q

In the 2x2 matrix, what asks How does it work?

A

Converging - doing and thinking

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14
Q

In the 2x2 matrix, what asks so what now?

A

accommodating - doing and feeling

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15
Q
  • Oldest male is the decision maker/spokesperson
  • Interests/honors of family are more important than those of individual family members
  • Strong emphasis on avoiding conflict and direct confrontation
  • Mental illness may produce guilt or shame
A

asian/pacific islander

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16
Q
  • Older person should be addressed by their last name.
  • Avoid gesturing, some may have adverse connotations.
  • the valuing of family considerations over individual or community needs, is strong
  • tends to be patriarchal and follow a rigid hierarchical structure
  • Family involvement in health care is common
  • reluctant to share their beliefs with healthcare providers
A

hispanic

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17
Q
  • Can be either patriarchal or matriarchal, but tends to be matriarchal
    Higher percentage of Single moms
  • Religion/faith play a large part in their culture
  • Strong family ties
  • Medical healthcare team distrust
A

African american

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18
Q
  • Many elderly Americans would rather live alone and be self-reliant
  • Roles and duties in the family are becoming less dictated by a person’s gender
  • Strong religious beliefs depending on region
A

caucasian

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19
Q

What is fictive kin? Who is more likely to have them?

A
  • people that are not blood related but apart of the family

- minorities like AA and Hispanics

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20
Q

silent generation

A

born 1925-1942

  • Value hard work and thriftiness
  • Work values of conformity, consistency and uniformity
  • Value the system over the individual enterprise
  • Emphasize traditional mores
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21
Q

Baby boomers

A

born 1943-1960

  • Have the buy now, pay later mentality
  • Equate work with self worth
  • Driven and dedicated
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22
Q

Generation X

A

born 1961-1981

  • Do not belong to any group
  • Know how to win
  • Manage on their own and participate in discussions
  • Balance job and leisure time
  • Try to attain several goals all at once
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23
Q

Milennials

A

born after 1982-1996

  • Optimistic, assertive, positive
  • Accept authority – are rule followers
  • Accustomed to structure
  • Think of themselves as global
  • Prefer to multitask
  • Have difficulty honing skills of critical analysis necessary to read between the lines
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24
Q

Generation Z

A

born 1997-onward

  • Search for the truth
  • Don’t abide by labels, appreciate individualism
  • Solve conflicts and improve the world
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25
Q

Infant mortality _____ as mother’s level of education decreases.

A

increases

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26
Q

What race has a higher cancer death rate?

A

AA

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27
Q

What race is most susceptible to diabetes?

A

Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders

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28
Q

What race is most susceptible to HIV/AIDS?

A

AA

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29
Q

Who were more likely to have tooth decay?

A

Mexican and AA poor families

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30
Q

Who is less likely to visit the doctor?

A
  • adults with less than high school diploma

- Asian and Hispanics

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31
Q

Who is less likely to have insurance?

A

Hispanics

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32
Q

What is reflection?

A
  • process of examining an experience that raises an issue of concern
  • an internal process we use to help refine our understanding of an experience
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33
Q

Why is reflection important?

A
  • Raises awareness of own behavior
  • Patient feedback
  • Helps with patient compliance/patient buy in
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34
Q

Reflection is NOT______. The person has to be the one to do it.

A

passive

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35
Q

Reflection must be ______.

A

intentional

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36
Q

What facilitates deeper learning beyond rote memorization?

A

conscious reflection

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37
Q

Why is reflection important in PT?

A

Allows us to connect our personal experiences, preferences, and beliefs to the experiences of our patient

38
Q

What is reflection in action?

A
  • reflection while attending to a task

- Continually questioning, observing, assessing, and adjusting our thoughts and actions throughout the treatment session

39
Q

What is reflection on action?

A
  • retrospective

- What worked, what did not work, why?

40
Q

What is reflection for action?

A
  • What can I do differently for the next time? Or what can I continue to do to get the same result?
41
Q

What is content reflection?

A
  • Analysis of the problem/situation from the perspectives of all those involved
  • What is going on? What is the problem?
42
Q

What is process reflecion?

A
  • Looking at your actions or how you approached the situation
  • Determine problem-solving strategies, determine efficacy of strategies chosen, explore other available strategies
43
Q

What is premise reflection?

A
  • analyze and question our own assumptions or assumptions underlying the problems we face
  • Enables us to recognize these assumptions and question them before we make judgments or decisions

Ex: MD always does weight baring as tolerated for total knee patients

44
Q

What is key to self-assessment?

A

reflection

45
Q

Most patient fall in the ____ or ______ level for adult literacy.

A

basic or intermediate

46
Q

What are the 3 major learning domains?

A
  • cognitive
  • psychomotor
  • affective
47
Q

What are the 6 progressive levels of cognitive domain?

A

1) Knowledge
2) Comprehension
3) Application
4) Analysis
5) Synthesis
6) Evaluation

48
Q

What is the development of knowledge?

A

cognitive domain

49
Q

What is the development of motor skills to be mastered?

A

psychomotor domain

50
Q

What is the Development of attitudes, feelings, beliefs and values

A

affective domain - being open to making a change

51
Q

What is perceptual and spiritual domains?

A

perceptual - Involves use of the senses in how patients receive and use information

spiritual - Various beliefs related to spirituality

52
Q

What are the ABCD’s of Objective Writing?

A
  • Audience (WHO)
  • Behavior (What)
  • Condition (When/HOW)
  • Degree of Mastery (HOW WELL/HOW MUCH)
53
Q

What is the rule of 7’s?

A

Working memory has limited capacity and can only process 7 items or “chunks” of information +/- 2 at a time

54
Q

What is the precontemplation stage of change?

A
  • no intention of making a behavioral change

- Provide information about potential risk of continuing and benefits of change

55
Q

What is the contemplation stage of change?

A
  • Beginning to think about making a positive change in behavior within next 6 months
  • not entirely committed
  • Clarify possible risks involved in resisting change and highlight the benefits of making it
56
Q

What is preparation stage of change?

A
  • making plans to change
  • assist in goals
  • realistic strategies and goals
57
Q

What is action stage of change?

A
  • actively participating in change

- promote self confidence and outline steps to reach goals

58
Q

What is maintenance stage of change?

A
  • Behavior change has persisted for more than 6 months
59
Q

What is the 5A’s Behavioral Intervention Protocol?

A

1) address the issue
2) assess the issue
3) advise the patient
4) assist the patient
5) arrange for follow-up

60
Q

What is Helping patient find their behavior change by letting them explore and find their mixed feelings to make the change that they need to make?

A

motivational interviewing

61
Q

What are the 5 R’s?

A

1) Relevance
2) Risks
3) Rewards
4) Roadblocks
5) Repetition

62
Q

In what environment is acquisition of knowledge done?

A

classroom

63
Q

In what environment is acquisition of skill done?

A

Lab

64
Q

In what environment is the use of knowledge and skill for clinical decision making and patient management done?

A

clinic

65
Q

Learning takes place in a _______ of practice.

A

community

66
Q

What are the 3 points of the learning triad?

A
  • learner
  • instructor
  • clinical community
67
Q

What are 3 distinct functions of mentors?

A
  • support/affirmation
  • challenge
  • vision
68
Q

What is assertiveness in managing conflict?

A

Focused on the task or own goals.

69
Q

What is cooperativeness in managing conflict?

A

Focus on the relationship or others.

70
Q

What is combos in managing conflict?

A

Compromise and Collaborate/Integrate

71
Q

What is acquisition of a skilled movement?

A

motor learning

72
Q

What are the 3 stages of motor learning?

A
  • cognitive
  • associative
  • autonomous
73
Q

What stage of motor learning has a basic understanding of skill, frequent errors, and still learning movments?

A

cognitive

74
Q

What stage of motor learning doesn’t have to think about technique anymore and is difficult to correct improper form?

A

autonomous

75
Q

What stage of motor learning automatically has technique, can recognize errors themselves, and errors are no longer major?

A

associative

76
Q

What is open vs closed task?

A

open - occur under variable conditions requiring instantaneous adaptations.
- ex: walking in a busy street

closed - occur in a constant environment with minimal variations
ex: walking in parallel bars

77
Q

What is discrete vs continuous task?

A

discrete - has inherent start and end point
ex: walking to cone and back

continuous - no inherent start or end
ex: driving, propelling a wheelchair

78
Q

What is stability vs mobility task?

A

stability - require a stable base of support
ex: lying down, sitting, standing

Mobility - task demands associated with a mobile base of support
ex: running, jumping

79
Q

_______ leads to mobility.

A

stability

80
Q

What is massed vs distributed practice?

A

massed - more practice, less rest

distributed - more rest, less practice

81
Q

Massed practice enhances ____ term recall

A

short

82
Q

Distributed practice enhances _____ term recall

A

long, retention

83
Q

What is constant vs variable practice?

A

constant - uniformed practice, skill practice same way each time

variable - skill practiced different ways each time

84
Q

What is random vs blocked practice?

A

random - practice skills in an unpredictable order

blocked - practice skills in a set order

85
Q

Random practice enhances ______ and ______.

A

retention and generalizability

86
Q

Blocked practice enhance ____ performance

A

early

87
Q

_______ practice is important to ensure learning

A

variable

88
Q

______ practice will improve the transfer or tasks to novel conditions.

A

random

89
Q

_________ feedback is critical to error detection and learning or relearning motor movements

A

Intrinsic

90
Q

________ feedback is helpful in motivating patients/clients and reinforcing movements

A

Extrinisic

Pt As A Learner (1 decks)

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