Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Patient as a Learner > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

what descriptors comprise the teaching process

A
  1. formal
  2. informal
  3. skill/art
  4. requires practice
  5. dynamic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is our “Internal Map”

A
  1. our realities of how things ARE

2. our perception of how things SHOULD BE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

define pedagogy

A

the act of teaching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

define andragogy

A

focuses on adult learning

  • flexibility
  • practicality
  • mutual respect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the preferred learning styles?

A
  1. accommodating
  2. diverging
  3. converging
  4. assimilating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the common learning theories

A
  1. behaviorism
  2. cognitive learning theory
  3. experimental/problem solving
  4. social-cultural
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the behaviorism learning theory

A

the process of learning involves rewarding correct behavior until the behavioral change is consistently demonstrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when does behaviorism work well

A

when teaching a skill with a measurable action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

application of behaviorism

A

where the pt can practice the behavior and receive feedback on performance until mastery is achieved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the cognitive learning theory

A

learners construct meaningful knowledge by connecting new concept or knowledge to what they already know

  • moving from simple and concrete to complex and abstract
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

application of cognitive learning

A

knowledge that is connected to a clinical context improves retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the experiential/problem solving learning theory

A

must learn not only what but also how to apply what they know
- creating learning experiences in which there is a structure that facilitates reflection on the learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

application of experiential/problem solving learning

A

learning opportunities whereby learners are engages in active learning
- well suited to clinical or community settings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the social-cultural learning theory

A

learning occurs in the social or practice setting

- learner then able to venture out into different experiences and learn additional knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

application of social-cultural learning theory

A

role models and mentors can have a powerful effect on the learners
- needs to build self-efficacy in learners to allow them to have incremental success and enhanced participation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the David Kolb’s learning styles

A

describes a cyclic progress through problem solving

question-hypothesis-experiment-question

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

diverging

feeling and watching - CE/RO

A

able to look at things from different perspectives

  • sensitive
  • prefer to watch than do
  • asks WHY? WHY NOT?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the in-betweens of the preferred learning styles

A

CE - concrete experience
AC - Abstract conceptualization
AE- Abstract experimentation
RO - Reflective Observation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Assimilating

watching and thinking - AC/RO

A

concise, logical approach. ideas and concept are more important than people

  • require good clear explanation rather than practical opportunity
  • asks WHAT?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Converging

doing and thinking - AC/AE

A

solve problems and use their learning to find solutions to practical issues

  • prefer technical tasks
  • best at finding practical uses for ideas and theories
  • asks HOW DOES IT WORK?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Accommodating

doing and feeling - CE/AE

A

hands-on and relies on intuition rather than logic

  • prefers a practical, experimental approach
  • asks SO WHAT NOW?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

define culture

A

Refers to integrated patterns of human behavior that include the language, thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

define competence

A

Having the capacity to function effectively as an individual and an organization within the context of the cultural beliefs, behaviors, and needs presented by consumers and their communities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

asian/pacific islander

A
  • Oldest male is the decision maker/spokesperson
  • Interests/honors of family are more important than those of individual family members
  • Strong emphasis on avoiding conflict and direct confrontation
  • Mental illness may produce guilt or shame
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

hispanic

A
  • Older person should be addressed by their last name.
  • Avoid gesturing, some may have adverse connotations.
  • the valuing of family considerations over individual or community needs, is strong
  • tends to be patriarchal and follow a rigid hierarchical structure
  • Family involvement in health care is common
  • reluctant to share their beliefs with healthcare providers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

african american

A
  • Can be either patriarchal or matriarchal, but tends to be matriarchal
    • Higher percentage of Single moms
  • Religion/faith play a large part in their culture
  • Strong family ties
  • Medical healthcare team distrust
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Caucasian

A
  • Many elderly Americans would rather live alone and be self-reliant
  • Roles and duties in the family are becoming less dictated by a person’s gender
  • Strong religious beliefs depending on region
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

_____________ were more involved in activities with their church networks and significantly more likely to give and receive assistance from church members

A

african americans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

_______ elders were more likely than Whites to live with other relatives and less likely to be with a spouse

A

minority

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Minorities such as _________ and _________ had more fictive kin

A

african americans

hispanics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

silent generation

A

born 1925-1942

  • Value hard work and thriftiness
  • Work values of conformity, consistency and uniformity
  • Value the system over the individual enterprise
  • Emphasize traditions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

baby boomers

A

born 1943-1960

  • Have the buy now, pay later mentality
  • Equate work with self worth
  • Driven and dedicated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

generation x

A

born 1961- 1981

  • Do not belong to any group
  • Know how to win
  • Manage on their own and participate in discussions
  • Balance job and leisure time
  • Try to attain several goals all at once
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

millennials

A

born after 1982-1996

  • Optimistic, assertive, positive
  • Accept authority – are rule followers
  • Accustomed to structure
  • Think of themselves as global
  • Prefer to multitask
  • Have difficulty honing skills of critical analysis necessary to read between the lines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

generation z

A

1997 and on ward

  • Search for the truth
  • Don’t abide by labels, appreciate individualism
  • Solve conflicts and improve the world
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

baby boomer learning style

A

detailed handouts, note taking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

gen x learning style

A

programmed instruction done independently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

millennial learning style

A

creative, innovative interactive exercises

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

gen z learning style

A

apps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

define conscious reflection

A

facilitates deeper learning beyond rote memorization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is Reflection-in-action

A

continuously questioning, observing, assessing, and adjusting our thoughts and actions throughout the treatment session (Active Reflection)

  • Function at two levels simultaneously
  • Am I getting the results I want?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what is reflection-on-action?

A

what worked, what did not work, why?

Why did it happen?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what is reflection-for-action?

A

What might you do if..?

What might I do differently next time?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what is content reflection

A

analysis of the problem/situation from the perspectives of all those involved

  • What else might be going on?
  • What might the pt be feeling?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

what is process reflection

A

determine how we might approach the situation or what strategies we might choose in addressing the problem

  • explore other strategies
  • how else can i get the information I need?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

what is premise reflection

A

requires us to analyze and question our own assumptions or assumptions underlying the problems we face

enables us to recognize these assumptions and question them before we make judgements or decisions

  • why do you think you need to know this?
  • what assumptions do you hold in this situation?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

what is the most difficult level of reflection

A

premise reflection

48
Q

what elements are essential to the process of reflection

A

awareness of feelings and thoughts (trigger event)

critical analysis of feelings, thoughts, and knowledge

new perspective

49
Q

what are bloom’s 3 domains of learning

A
  1. cognitive
  2. psychomotor
  3. affective
50
Q

what is the cognitive domain?

A
  • development of knowledge
  • language based information
  • concepts to be learned
51
Q

what are the levels of the cognitive domain

A
  1. Knowledge
  2. comprehension
  3. application
  4. analysis
  5. synthesis
  6. evaluation
52
Q

what is the psychomotor domain

A

development of motor skills to be mastered

53
Q

what are the levels of the psychomotor domain

A
  1. perception
  2. set
  3. guided response
  4. mechanism
  5. complex overt response
  6. adaptation
  7. origination
54
Q

what is the affective domain

A

development of attitudes, feelings, beliefs, and values

55
Q

what are the levels of the affective domain

A
  1. receiving
  2. responding
  3. valuing
  4. organization
  5. internalization
56
Q

what is the perceptual domain

A

involves use of the senses in how patients receive and use information

57
Q

what is the spiritual domain

A

various beliefs related to spirituality

58
Q

what is the rule of 7s

A

Working memory has limited capacity and can only process 7 items or “chunks” of information +/- 2 at a time

59
Q

what is a content booster

A

refers to any techniques, materials, activities that are used to reinforce learning and allow for processing

60
Q

when is reposition effective

A

more effective with skill or procedural memory versus semantic memory

61
Q

when is elaboration more effective

A

when manipulating semantic info while in working memory

  • creating a memory
  • mnemonic
  • group discuss/debrief
62
Q

active learning strategies =

A

content booster

63
Q

what is the biopsychosocial perspective

A

biology + environment

  • physical
  • social
  • psychological
64
Q

behavioral change requires…

A

belief that one has the ability to change

65
Q

what are the key concepts to the health belief model

A

perceived. .
- threat
- severity
- benefits
- barriers
- self efficacy

66
Q

What is the transtheoretical model of change

A

Moves from precontemplation to maintenance

67
Q

what is the precontemplation stage of the transtheoretical model of change

A

patient as no intention of making a behavioral change

  • provide info about potential risk of continuing and benefits of change
68
Q

what is the contemplation stage of the transtheoretical model of change

A

pt is beginning to think about making a positive change within next 6 months. still not entirely committed

  • clarify possible risks involved in resisting change and highlight benefits of change
69
Q

what is the preparation stage of the transtheoretical model of change

A

pt is making plans to change

  • assist in developing and supporting plan of change. realistic and attainable goals, pt must be involved
70
Q

what is the action stage of the transtheoretical model of change

A

actively participating in their treatment programs

  • promote self-confidence and outline steps to reach goals
71
Q

what is the maintenance stage of the transtheoretical model of change

A

behavior change has persisted for more than 6 months. prevention of relapse!

72
Q

what is the 5As behavioral intervention protocol

A
  • address the issue
  • assess the issue
  • advise the patient
  • assist the pt
  • arrange for follow up
73
Q

what is motivational interviewing

A

directive, client-centered counseling style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients explore and resolve ambivalence

  • encourages the desire to change from the pt
74
Q

what are the 5Rs of motivational interview

A
  • relevance
  • risks
  • rewards
  • roadblocks
  • repetition
75
Q

what is the primary learning activity in the classroom

A

acquisition of knowledge

76
Q

what is the primary learning activity in the lab

A

acquisition of skill

77
Q

what is the primary learning activity in the clinic

A

use of knowledge and skill for clinical decision making and patient management

78
Q

what are the Lave and Wenger 4 components of social interactions necessary for learning

A

learning by..

  • experience
  • engaging in practice
  • belonging
  • becoming
79
Q

personal meaning making

A
  • engagement
  • dialogue
  • reflexion
  • observation
80
Q

what is the learning triad

A
  • learner
  • instructor
  • clinical community
81
Q

what is the traditional role of a mentor

A

an older, wiser, more experienced person influencing and guiding a younger, less experienced individual or protege through life’s transitions

  • provide vision
82
Q

what is communication

A

a reciprocal interactional process which occurs in an environment where people share meaning verbally and non-verbally

83
Q

assertiveness

conflict resolution

A

focuses on the task or own goals

avoid domineer

84
Q

cooperativeness

conflict resolution

A

focus on the relationship or others

avoid accommodate

85
Q

what is the “combo” of conflict resolution

A

compromise and collaborate/integrate

86
Q

what is motor learning

A

acquisition of skilled movement

87
Q

what is the cognitive stage of motor learning

A
  • basic understanding of movement or skill
  • frequent errors
  • still thinking of and learning the movements
88
Q

what is the associative stage of motor learning

A
  • automatically has technique
  • can recognize and feel the errors themselves
  • errors no longer major
89
Q

what is the autonomous stage of motor learning

A
  • movements are automatic
  • doesn’t have to think about technique
  • difficult to correct improper form learned at this stage
90
Q

what are the types of movement

A
  • open v closed
  • discrete v continuous
  • stability v mobility
91
Q

what is open movement

A

Occur under variable conditions requiring instantaneous adaptations

Example: walking in a busy corridor

92
Q

what is closed movement

A

Tasks or skills occur in a constant environment and can be produced with minimal variations each time

Example: Teaching a patient to walk in the parallel bars where the surface, length, and height of the bars remain constant

93
Q

what is discrete movement

A

Has an inherent beginning and end point

Ex: Setting the brakes on a wheelchair

94
Q

what is continuous movement

A

Has no inherent beginning or end
Performer arbitrarily decides when to begin or end the task

Example: Driving a car or propelling a wheelchair

95
Q

what are stability tasks

A

Require a stable base of support

Example: Lying down, sitting, standing

96
Q

what are mobility tasks

A

Task demands associated with a mobile base of support

Example: Running, jumping

97
Q

what is massed practice

A

Session in which the amount of practice time in a trial is greater than the amount of rest between trials

May lead to fatigue

Enhances short term recall

98
Q

what is distributed practice

A

Session in which the amount of rest between trials is equal to or greater than the amount of time for a trial

Enhances overall performance or retention

99
Q

what is constant practice

A

Uniformed practice

Repeats skill in the same way each time

Maximizes skill performance under certain conditions

Tasks that require minimal variation and will be performed in constant conditions

100
Q

what is variable practice

A

Conditions and types of practice vary between practice attempts

Varying the practice requires more active learning and problem solving

Enhances retention and generalizability of the skill to novel tasks

May be most essential when learning tasks that are likely to be performed in variable conditions

101
Q

what is random practice

A

Practice a number of skills in an unpredictable order
- Practice a series of skills in differing sequences

Varying the order and starting position in which you practice scooting, rolling, sitting up

Enhances retention and generalizability

102
Q

what is blocked practice

A

Practice each set of skills in a “blocked” fashion

Practice each set of skills until some degree of success is achieved before moving on to another skill

Practicing scooting, rolling and assuming sit from supine in the same order and in the same way each time

Enhances early performance

103
Q

massed practice key point

A

improves performance in short term

104
Q

distributed practice key point

A

enhances accuracy and retention in long term

105
Q

variable practice key point

A

important to ensure learning

106
Q

blocked practice key point

A

may result in better early skill acquisition

107
Q

random practice key point

A

better than blocked in promoting learning

- will improve the transfer of tasks to novel conditions

108
Q

guided practice key point

A

improves early performance and assist the individual in understanding the task demands

109
Q

discovery practice key point

A

critical to the later retention and transfer of skill

110
Q

what is intrinsic feedback

A

Feedback about the movement and movement result that is inherent to the task itself

Does not rely on an external source

111
Q

what is extrinsic feedback (augmented)

A

Knowledge of Performance: feedback about some aspect of the performance of the movement

Knowledge of Results: Feedback regarding the outcome of the movement in relation to the goal of the movement

112
Q

intrinsic feedback key points

A

critical to error detection and learning or relearning motor movements

113
Q

extrinsic feedback key points

A

helpful in motivating patients/clients and reinforcing movements

114
Q

what is structure building

A
  • degree in which we can identify key points from new material and integration into prior knowledge to create meaningful structures = high structure

Low structure: difficulty sorting through high important vs. low important info.. Have to have strategies to keep focus on key concepts

115
Q

what are example learners

A
  • tend to focus on nuances of each problem or example without identifying principles that link different examples together

Helpful to compare and contrast when learning

Patient as a Learner (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions