Final Exam Flashcards
5 chordate characteristics
- notochord
- dorsal tubular nerve cord
- pharyngeal pouches and slits
- endostyle or thyroid gland
- post anal tail
In most annelids the coelom is filled with fluid that helps act as a __ skeleton
Hydrostatic
In terms of body cavities annelids are typically __ while nematodes are typically __
- coelomates
* pseudocoelomates
After deep sea diving on an exploration you find an unknown worm what is a certain indicator that the animal belongs to the phylum sipuncula and not phylum annelida
Lack of segmentation
Each internal compartment of an annelid is lined with
Peritoneum, a layer of mesodermal epithelium
You decide to wake up early in the morning to watch the early birds you notice a robin attempting to pull an earthworm from its burrow you notice it’s having trouble why might the robin be having trouble
The earthworms setae are grabbing the soil and preventing the worm from being pulled out
Beard worms (sibinoglinids) have a mutualistic relationship with
Chemoautotrophic bacteria
In annelids segments are added to the organism in a specific way the newest segments are added just in front of the
Pygidium (section that contains the anus)
In front of you is a worm you notice that there are only longitudinal muscles what phylum does this worm most likely belong to
Nematoda
Soil is overly abundant with calcium since earthworms primarily consume the nutrients within soil how do they deal with the excess calcium
There are calciferous glands along the esophagus that reduce the calcium ion concentration in the blood and regulate the acid base balance in body fluids
Chelicerate Arthropods possess
Pedipalps and chelicerae
How do spiders consume their prey
Food is partly digested externally and the nutritive juices are sucked into the stomach
Daddy long legs (opiliones) are most closely related to the true spiders (class araneae) and have the most potent venom of all the chelicerates
False
Spiders break through the use of a __ or primitive tracheae
Book lungs
- Oral papillae can expel slime for defense
- Ever since pharynx for food capture/trunk is not metameric but has 30-100 superficial rings
- Retractile head with circlets of spines and a retractile proboscis
- Horsehair worms
- Can exhibit cryptobiosis “water bears”
- Onychophora
- Priapulida
- Kinoryhncha
- Nematomorpha
- Tardigrada
The segments of crustaceans are covered with a dorsal plate that is known as an __ and a central plate that is known as an __
- tergum
* sternum
Since the hemolymph of crustaceans leaves the heart by arteries why is it considered and open rather than a closed system
The hemolymph flows through the hemocoel and returns via venous sinuses rather than enclosed veins
What is the function of the green glands in the crayfish
The green glands take part in salt balance and excreting wastes. They form dilute, low salt urine
The photoreceptors cells in crustacean compound eye are called
Ommatidia
The oldest ancestral and most widely occurring crustacean larva is
The nauplius
Insect legs are attached to the
Thorax with one pair on the prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax
- Egg - nymph - adult
- Bud like growths as instars that develop into wings
- Stonefly and dragonfly metamorphosis
- Complete metamorphosis
- Egg - larva - pupa - adult
- Approx 88% of insect species undergo this type
- Hemimetabolous
- Hemimetabolous
- Hemimetabolous
- Holometabolous
- Holometabolous
- Holometabolous
Most accurate representation for the decision making process of a bee hive
Democracy
Functions of water vascular system
Excretion Locomotion Food gathering Respiration NOT REPRODUCTION
The common name for the chaetognaths is the __ worm
Arrow
What echinoderm is a lot more active than any other echinoderm
Brittle star
Echinoderm classes (week 14)
- asteroidea
- ophiuroidea
- echinoidea
- holothuroidea
- crinoidea
Malpighian tubules
Blind tubules opening into the hindgut of nearly all insects and some myriapods and arachnids, and functioning primarily as excretory organs.
