Final- Digestive System

Question 1

Digestive system

Answer 1

• ingests food, transports it and breaks it into smaller absorbable components
• secretes waste products
• has alimentary canal & accessory digestive organs
• food broken down mechanically and chemically using enzymes

Question 2

Peristalsis

Answer 2

Coordinated, rhythmic contractions of the gastrointestinal tract

Question 3

Mastication

Answer 3

• chewing

* primary muscles (temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoids

Question 4

Temporalis

Answer 4

•elevates mandible

Question 5

Masseter

Answer 5

•elevates mandible

Question 6

Medial and lateral pterygoids

Answer 6

•both work together to move mandible side to side for grinding

Question 7

What nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?

Answer 7

Trigeminal nerve (V3)

Question 8

Oral cavity

Answer 8

• space inside the dental arches
• space between dental arches and lips/cheeks is vestibule
• roof of mouth is palate

Question 9

Uvula

Answer 9

Helps to seal off the nasopharynx during swallowing

Question 10

Palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus

Answer 10

Move food to the pharynx with swallowing and form a bed for the palatine tonsil

Question 11

Tongue

Answer 11

• body (anterior 2/3)
• root (posterior 1/3)
• body covered by mucous membrane with specialized features called papillae
• root of tongue has lingual tonsil
• sensation from body of tongue comes from trigeminal nerve
• taste from body comes from glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 12

What nerve innervates the muscles of the tongue?

Answer 12

Hypoglossal nerve

Question 13

Genioglossus

Answer 13

Strong muscle that protrudes the tongue and is often used to test the integrity of the hypoglossal nerve