Final Blueprint

Question 1

vent: time

Answer 1

stops inspiration at preset time, time regulates amount of air delivered

Question 2

vent: volume

Answer 2

volume of air delivery is preset and relatively consistent

Question 3

vent: pressure

Answer 3

deliver flow of Ian on inspiration at preset pressure to allow for passive exhalation

Question 4

vent: controlled mandatory

Answer 4

delivers set tidal volume at set rate

Question 5

vent: assist control

Answer 5

delivers set tidal volume but allows pt to breath their own RR

Question 6

vent: synchronized intermittent mandatory

Answer 6

delivers a number of breaths at a present tidal volume - client breathes spontaneously and machine supports

Question 7

vent: pressure support

Answer 7

pt breathes spontaneously but uses additional pressure during inspiration

Question 8

vent: PEEP

Answer 8

preset pressure delivered during expiration

Question 9

vent alarm: low pressure

Answer 9

disconnection from machine/tubing, low cuff pressure, tube displacement

Question 10

vent alarm: high pressure

Answer 10

kinks in tubing, pneumo, bronchospasm, coughing, pulm edema, biting tube, excessive secretions

Question 11

ARDS

Answer 11

pulm edema, ↑ bilat infiltrates, refractory hypoxemia, ↓ lung compliance

Question 12

ARDS: risk factors - direct

Answer 12

smoke inhalation, near drowning, aspiration, PE, pneumonia, PE, fat emboli, asthma/COPD (if it causes inflammation)

Question 13

ARDS: risk factors - indirect

Answer 13

septic shock, massive fluid resus, multiple blood products, DIC, pancreatitis, substance use/overdose, trauma

Question 14

ARDS: dx

Answer 14

bilat infiltrates on xray/CT

Question 15

chest tube: water seal

Answer 15

tidaling

Question 16

chest tube: suction

Answer 16

bubbling

Question 17

pneumo: single (spontaneous)

Answer 17

typically no cause, immediate intervention is chest tube, provide supplemental O2 until chest tube placed

Question 18

pneumo: traumatic

Answer 18

trauma/thoracic procedure, insertion of central line

Question 19

pneumo: hemothorax

Answer 19

blood enters pleural cavity from lacerations/laceration of great vessels

Question 20

pneumo: tension

Answer 20

most life threatening, air enters cavity but can’t escape, NCD, tracheal deviation

Question 21

pneumo: infection

Answer 21

empyema

Question 22

pneumo: s/s

Answer 22

subs emphysema (rice Krispy skin), tracheal deviation, hyperresonance

Question 23

heparin

Answer 23

titrated q6hrs based on PTT, may just be drawn until therapeutic, can take hrs/days to be at therapeutic level

Question 24

heparin antidote

Answer 24

protamine sulfate

Question 25

warfarin

Answer 25

monitor INR (normal - 1, goal w warfarin 2-3)

Question 26

warfarin antidote

Answer 26

vit K

Question 27

IDA: s/s

Answer 27

glossitis, chellitis, pillow

Question 28

IDA: oral iron

Answer 28

NO enteric coated capsules, daily dose 150-200mg, liquid iron should be ingested through straw, given before food

Question 29

IDA: nursing management

Answer 29

diet high in iron (lean beef, turkey, pork, chicken, fish, legumes, dark leafy greens); need to take supplements for 2-3mo after Hgb levels return normal

Question 30

thrombocytopenia

Answer 30

acquired, commonly from ingestion of certain drugs (aspirin); avoid aspirin and other drugs that affect platelet function

Question 31

ITP: management

Answer 31

therapy initiated if platelets ↓ 30,000

corticosteroids: ↑ lifespan of platelets

splenectomy: if you get rid of spleen, you don’t have any more destruction of platelets

Question 32

blood therapy

Answer 32

admin w/in 30min of taken from blood bank, product-to-pt ID w 2 licensed RN, stay w pt for 1st 15min, reassess VS at 15min, VS q1hr until transfusion is complete, infusion must be complete w/in 4hrs

Question 33

MI

Answer 33

ECG w/in 10min of arrival, thrombolytics w/in 30min of arrival, PCI performed w/in 60min of arrival (if bleeding occurs for > 10 min after dressing removed- call 911), CABG for 70% occlusion