Final Assessment Flashcards
The GI tract organs are?
- the oral cavity
- the pharynx
- the esophagus
- the stomach
- the small intestine
- the larger intestine
What are the accessory organs of the digestive tract?
- the teeth
- the tongue
- salivary glands
- the liver
- the gallbladder
- the pancreas
What are the digestive system functions?
- ingestion
- digestion
- propulsion
- secretion
- absorption
- defecation
What is ingestion?
the introduction of solid and liquid materials into the oral cavity (the first step in digestion process)
What is digestion?
the break down of large food items into smaller structures and molecules (mechanical and chemical)
Describe mechanical digestion.
physically breaking down the material by mastication
What is bolus?
food mixed with saliva that is swallowed.
Describe chemical digestion.
the breaking down of ingested material using enzymes
What is propulsion?
after materials are swallowed they move through the GI tract by propulsion which moves the food forward
What is peristalsis?
the ripple like wave of muscular contraction that forces material to move further along the tract - this is a one way action
What is segmentation?
a churning and mixing of material with digestive organ secretions in the small intestine - this is a back and forth movement
What is secretion?
the process of producing and releasing mucin and/or digestive fluids)
What does mucin and digestive fluids aid in?
digestive fluids help facilitate chemical digestion and passage of materials through GI tract while mucin helps lubricate and protect the GI tract from the digestive fluids
What is absorption?
it involves either passive movement or active transport of electrolytes, digestion products, vitamins, & water across GI tract wall epithelium or into the blood and lymph vessels
What happens to the waste and indigestible materials in the body?
They are all compacted into feces and the eliminated from the body by defecation
