Final Flashcards
Which hemodynamic system serves as a reservoir for circulating blood?
Veins
A patient has taken a medication that causes the arterioles to dilate. What will likely happen to the cardiac afterload?
It will decrease
Which drugs will lead the nurse to monitor a patient closely for reflex tachycardia?
- A drug that dilates veins
* A drug that dilates arterioles
Which patient receiving losartan should be monitored closely while receiving this therapy?
The patient with an elevated creatine level
Which statement is true regarding the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?
Angiotensinogen is catalyzed by renin into angiotensin I
A patient with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy takes losartan mg daily. What is a benefit of this therapy for a patient with hypertension?
This medication decreases the risk of stroke
The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed aliskiren. How does this medication lower blood pressure?
It inhibits the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I
The nurse is caring for a patient who takes an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. If the patient develops a persistent nonproductive cough, what should the nurse do?
Notify the provider of the new development
The nurse administers candesartan to a patient. Which assessment finding should the nurse use as a clinical indicator of the therapeutic effectiveness of the medication?
Blood pressure reduction
For which purpose should the nurse administer aliskiren to a patient with hypertension?
To reduce blood pressure
Which medication is most likely to cause constipation?
Diltiazem
Which patient finding would cause the nurse to hold the 8 a.m. dose of verapamil?
The patient has hypotension
What is the most appropriate nursing consideration for a patient who is prescribed verapamil and digoxin?
Notify the healthcare provider of nausea, vomiting, and visual changes
A patient develops hypotension after administration of verapamil. Which intervention is appropriate?
Place in modified Trendelenburg position
A patient is receiving nifedipine. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for this patient?
Ankle edema
A staff member asks how calcium channel blockers (CCBs) work. Which response should the nurse provide?
CCBs relax vascular smooth muscle
The nurse is caring for patients receiving vasodilators. Which instruction should the nurse give the patients to combat a common adverse effect?
Rise slowly from a sitting to standing position
The nurse is preparing to administer minoxidil 5mg orally. What is the only cardiovascular indication for this medication?
Severe hypotension
A patient is taking minoxidil and develops hypertrichosis. Which area should the nurse assess first?
Face
which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to obtain before administering hydralazine?
Blood pressure
The nurse is caring for a patient with a ventricular dysrhythmia resulting from digoxin toxicity. Which medication does the nurse anticipates the health care provider will prescribe?
Phenytoin
Which statement by a patient demonstrates correct understanding of the nurse’s teaching about quinidine?
I should call my provider immediately if my ears are ringing
Which should the nurse teach a patient who is diagnosed with nonsustained ventricular tachycardia?
The risk of drug therapy outweighs the benefits for this disorder in most cases
Before administering amiodarone, what is the most important assessment for the nurse to complete?
Heart rate
The cardiac monitor alarm alerts the nurse that the patient is experiencing paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) with a heart rate of 180 bets/min; the nurse would expect to administer which injectable, fast-acting medication?
Adenosine
The nurse should teach a patient with intractable atrial fibrillation about which characteristic of amiodarone?
This drug has some server toxicities
The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed quinidine for a supraventricular dysrhythmia. Which is a common side effect of this drug?
Diarrhea
The patient has received a dose of esmolol. The nurse should carefully monitor for which adverse effects?
- Hypotension ‘
- Bronchospasm
- Decreased cardiac output
- Capillary blood glucose 145 mg/dL
A patient receiving amiodarone develops chest pain. Which is the nurse’s priority action?
Assess the patient’s lungs
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving dronedarone for treatment of atrial fibrillation. Which electrocardiogram (ECG) change indicates an adverse effect of this medication?
The QT-interval measurement changes from 400msec to 520 msec.
Which statement indicates the nurse understands the action of calcium channel blockers?
These medications slow cardiac conduction
Which drug is a class III antidysrhythmic?
Amiodarone
The nurse can safely administer verapamil to a patient with which vital signs?
Systolic blood pressure 110 mm Hg
A patient with cardiovascular disease is taking rosuvastatin. Which finding would indicate a potential adverse effect of this drug?
Muscle pain and tenderness
The nurse is caring for a patient who has hyperlipidemia and who has been prescribed gemfibrozil. On reviewing the medical history of the patient, the nurse learns that the patient is taking warfarin. What does the nurse anticipate after reviewing the patient’s medical history?
The patient has an increased risk of bleeding
Which statement indicates the patient understands discharge instructions regarding cholestyramine?
I will take cholestyramine with water, fruit juice, or soup
Which patient’s statement indicates a need for further medication instruction about colestipol?
I should stir the powder in as small an amount of fluid as possible to maintain potency of the medication
The nurse reviews the history for a patient taking atorvastatin. What will the nurse act on immediately?
The patient is on oral contraceptives
Which antilipemic medication reduces serum cholesterol by inhibiting its absorption in the small intestine?
Ezetimibe
A patient is admitted in a hypertensive emergency, and examination revels papilledema. The nurse would anticipate administering which medication?
Sodium nitroprusside
Which goal does the nurse document in the plan of care for a 63-year-old patient with hypertension?
Maintain blood pressure below 150/90 mm Hg
The nurse is reviewing a medication history on a patient taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse will contact the health care provider if the patient is also taking which medication?
Spironolactone
A patient taking clonidine for hypertension is being discharge teaching about the therapy. Which information would be included in this teaching plan?
Do not drink alcohol when on this therapy
Which patient assessment would assist the nurse is evaluating the therapeutic effects of a calcium channel blocker?
Absence of chest pain
Which medication combination is useful in the treatment of variant angina?
Diltiazem and isosorbide mononitrate
Which patient with angina would be at increased risk for adverse effects after the administration of beta blockers?
A patient with diabetes mellitus
Which nitrate preparation or dosage form has the longest duration of action?
Nitroglycerin transdermal patch
Which assessment finding could indicate a myocardial infarction (MI) in a patient who is taking nitroglycerin for angina?
Chest pain is not relieved by administering nitroglycerin
The nurse is monitoring a patient during intravenous (IV) nitroglycerin infusion. Which assessment finding will cause the nurse to take action?
Chest pain
Which medication is the treatment of choice for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)-associated pain?
Morphine
Which adverse effect is the greatest concern with thrombolytic therapy?
Intracranial hemorrhage
The patient has been placed on aspirin as an antiplatelet drug. Which side effect is the patient most likely to experience?
Nausea
Which best describes the mechanism of action of an anticoagulant?
Reduces the formation of fibrin
The patient is scheduled to receive argatroban. Which is the correct route by which to administer the drug?
Intravenous
A nurse is teaching students about macrophages. What does the nurse identify as the macrophages’ primary function?
Phagocytosis
A nurse is describing mediator molecules released by any immune system cell. Which specific term does the nurse use to identify a mediator molecule released by a phagocyte?
Monokine
Which substance serves as the stimulus for macrophage activation in delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions?
Interferon gamma
A patient has tuberculosis. Which type of process acts to rid the body of mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Type IV hypersensitivity
Which statement by a student nurse indicates an understanding of the characteristics and route of administration for the rotavirus vaccine?
This is a live virus that will be administered orally
A nurse is preparing to administer the rotavirus vaccine. Which route will the nurse use?
oral
Which population group will the nurse target for meningococcal conjugate vaccine?
College freshmen living in dormitories
A 3-year-old child is scheduled to receive pneumococcal vaccine (PCV). Which condition, if reported by the patient’s father, would prompt the nurse to hold the vaccine and contact the prescribing provider?
Temperature of 103oF
A nurse is preparing to administer the last dose of the haemophilus influenzae type b(Hib) vaccine. Which dose is the nurse giving?
Fourth
A patient takes tacrolimus. Which drug prescription will prompt the nurse to notify the provider?
Nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
A nurse teaches a class about the action of calcineurin inhibitors. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session?
They suppress t-lymphocyte proliferation
Which medication is a monoclonal antibody used to inhibit allograft rejection in transplant recipients?
Basiliximab
A patient who has had a kidney transplant develops diabetes after taking an immunosuppressant drug. The nurse recognize which agent is the culprit?
Everolimus
The patient has an allergic reaction. The nurse identifies that histamine1 (h1) activation will cause which symptom?
Localized edema
A patient asks the nurse, “why should I switch to fexofenadine for my allergies when I’ve taken diphenhydramine for so long?” which response should the nurse make?
There is not nearly as much drowsiness and sedation
A patient is taking a first-generation H1 blocker for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. It is most important for the nurse to assess for which side effect?
Dry mouth
Which antipyretic drug will the nurse recommend to the parent of a child with influenza?
Acetaminophen
After administering acetylcysteine to a patient who overdose on acetaminophen, a nurse should recognize which outcome as an indicator of the therapeutic effects of acetylcysteine?
Absence of jaundice
The nurse should question an order for glucocorticoids in the treatment of a patient with which condition?
Systemic fungal infection
A patient takes glucocorticoids and digoxin. It is most important for the nurse to monitor which electrolyte?
Potassium
The nurse is developing a plan to minimize the risk of adrenal insufficiency for a patient who is receiving long-term glucocorticoid therapy. Which outcome should be included?
Patient increases or supplements dosage of glucocorticoid at times of stress
Which medication is associated with risk for superinfection?
Ciprofloxacin
What is the difference bactericidal drugs and bacteriostatic drugs?
Bactericidal drugs are directly lethal to bacteria, and bacteriostatic drugs work to slow bacterial growth but do not cause cell death
Which class of drugs is most effective on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
Drugs that suppress viral replication
How does penicillin work to destroy bacteria?
It interferes with cell wall synthesis
A patient has urticaria 10 minutes after having a penicillin intramuscular injection. Which type allergic reaction is the patient most likely experiencing?
Immediate
