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Human Growth Final > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

0
Q

What is the definition of “young old”

A

Healthy and active

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1
Q

What is the age of the onset of late adulthood?

A

65 and continues till death

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2
Q

What is the definition of “old old”?

A

Have some health problems and difficulties

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3
Q

What is the definition of “oldest old”

A

Frail and need care

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4
Q

Sophia is a 98 year old woman who lives independently and has no major illness and walks daily. What is Sophia’s functional age?

A

Young old

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5
Q

Wilma is a 65 year old woman who has chronic pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, and recently suffered a stroke. What is her functional age?

A

Oldest old

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6
Q

What age does research indicate is the fastest-growing segment of the population?

A

85 and older

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7
Q

In which of the following cultures would ageism most likely be seen?

A

Western cultures

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8
Q

Aging that involves universal and irreversible change that due to genetic programming occur as people get older

A

Primary aging

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11
Q

The notion that the nerves that branch out from the spinal cord and brain become less efficient with age

A

Peripheral slowing hypothesis

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12
Q

Which of the following is the term for cloudy or opaque areas on the lens of the eye that interfere with the passing of the light

A

Cataracts

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13
Q

Which of the following is the term for when pressure in the fluid of the eye increases either because it cannot be drained properly or too much fluid is produced

A

Glaucoma

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14
Q

Which vision disease, if diagnosed early, can be treated with medication, lasers, and in some cases, a diet rich antioxidant vitamins

A

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

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15
Q

What percentage of adults over the age of 75 have some degree of hearing loss?

A

50%

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16
Q

According to surveys conducted in the US, almost ______ of people 65 years old and older rate their health as good, very good, or excellent

A

3 quarters

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17
Q

What percentage of of people over the age of 65 show symptoms of a psychological disorder?

A

15% 25%

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18
Q

Which of the following is the most common mental disorder of the elderly, covering several diseases, each of which includes serious memory loss accompanied by declines in other mental functioning

A

Dementia

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19
Q

Which of the following people is most likely to show the symptoms of dementia?

A

African Americans and Hispanics

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20
Q

What percentage of people 85 and older have alzhemiers disease?

A

Nearly half of people 85+

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21
Q

Approximately how many deaths are a result of Alzheimer’s disease annually in the US?

A

100,000

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22
Q

Donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and tacrine are among the common drugs prescribed to treat….

A

Alzheimer’s

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23
Q

Alzheimer’s patients makeup ______ of the people living in nursing homes

A

Two-thirds

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24
Q

Theories that suggest that our body’s DNA genetic code contains a built in time limit for the reproduction of human cells are called

A

Genetic programming theories of aging

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25
Q

Which of the theories promotes the idea based on the survival of the species that a long life after the reproductive years is unnecessary

A

Genetic programming theories of aging

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26
Q

The wear and tear theories of aging argues that the body constantly manufactures energy and creates _______ which eventually reach such high levels as to impair the body’s normal functioning

A

By products

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27
Q

Research shows that _______ declines with age while _______ remains steady and sometimes improves

A

Fluid intelligence ; crystallized intelligence

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28
Q

The researcher Timothy Salthouse suggest that if people are mentally active all of their lives they enter late adulthood with

A

Cognitive reserve

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29
Q

In which of the following countries are the elderly likely to show less memory loss?

A

China

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30
Q

Memories that are related to specific life experiences such as recalling the events of a vacation are

A

Episodic memories

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31
Q

Memories that are related to general fact such as the names of the capitals of stats or addition facts are

A

Semantic memories

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32
Q

Memories that are related to unconscious information such as now to ride a bike or boil water are

A

Implicit memories

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33
Q

A large generational divide involves the use of technology. People over 65 are less likely to use technology than younger individuals. Which would be considered a barriers as to why….

A

Less interest and less motivated and cognitive decrease and decrease in fluid intelligence

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34
Q

According to Paul costs and Robert McCrae the big five personality traits are

A

Openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, neuroticism,

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35
Q

What is the source of financial vulnerability for people in late adulthood?

A

A fixxed income

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36
Q

予算

A

ヨサン- proce of room? いくらの部屋?

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36
Q

Which of the following may soon be considered an incentive to hiring the elderly

A

As baby boomers retire causing workforce to drastically shrink

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37
Q

How does a person experience ego transcendence?

A

If they see contributions which can take the form of children, work and civic activities, lasting beyond their own lives

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38
Q

When does research suggest that a man is most likely to leave his wife for a younger woman?

A

After retirement

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39
Q

Which of the following stages for adjusting to widowhood relates to the immediate reaction to death of a spouse including shock, pain of loss, grief, and reality testing?

A

Grief and mourning

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40
Q

Which group of grandparents tends to be more involved with their grandchildren

A

African American

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41
Q

The physical or psychological mistreatment or neglect of the elderly individuals is called…

A

Elder abuse

42
Q

The absence of a heart beat and breathing is called

A

functional death

43
Q

適切

A

テキセツ- appropriate

43
Q

A person may be resuscitated and suffer little damage if his/her heart has stopped beating and breathing has stopped for ____ minute

A

5

44
Q

When electrical brain waves ceased, this is called

A

Brain death

45
Q

Some medical experts argue that a person who suffers irreversible brain damage who is in a coma and who will never experience anything approaching a human life…

A

Psychological ramifications

46
Q

How many other countries in the world have a lower infant mortality rate for the first year of life than the United States?

A

35 countries

47
Q

The definition of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is

A

The unexplained death of a seemingly healthy baby

48
Q

(SIDS) usually occurs in babies ages

A

2-4 months

49
Q

What is the most frequent cause of death during childhood?

A

Moto vehicle accidents, fires, and drowning

50
Q

What method of death for children ages 1 through 9 has nearly tripled since 1960

A

Homicides

51
Q

By what age do children accept death as universal and final?

A

Age 9

52
Q

What is the occurrence in adolescents where they tend not to think that death can happen to them, and, therefore, they get involved in risky behavior

A

Death

53
Q

The most frequent cause of death of adolescents is

A

Accidents

54
Q

In early adulthood the leading cause of death is

A

Accidents, suicide, homicide, and cancer

55
Q

By the end of early adulthood the most common reason for death is

A

Disease

56
Q

In middle adulthood, the leading cause of death is

A

Life- threatening disease

57
Q

At what age are fears about death the greatest

A

Middle adulthood

58
Q

What is the most frequent cause of death in middle adulthood

A

Heart attack and stroke

59
Q

What are the most likely causes of death in late adulthood?

A

Cancer stroke and heart disease

60
Q

If cancer stroke and heart disease were eliminated demographers estimate that life of an average 70 year old would be extended approximately

A

7 years

61
Q

The acceleration of decline in cognitive functioning related to impending death is called

A

Terminal decline

62
Q

The suicide rate for men in late adulthood is

A

High for men over 85

63
Q

All of the following are reasons identified in your textbook why elderly men commit suicide except

A

Severe depression or some for of dementia or loss of spouse

64
Q

Psychiatrist Kübler-Ross developed a theory of death and dying that involves ______ steps

A

5

65
Q

According to Kübler-Ross what is the first step people pass through as they move towards death

A

Denial

66
Q

According to Kübler-Ross what is the second step people pass through as they move towards death

A

Anger

67
Q

According to Kübler-Ross what is the fourth step people pass through as they move towards death

A

Acceptance

68
Q

Gloria is 85 year old woman who has long history of strokes that debilitated her and left her bed ridden. Now she has just experienced another stroke and she knows her death is impending. She has no emotional reaction to this occurrence; however she wants to be left alone. What stage is she experiencing?

A

Acceptance

69
Q

The legal document designating what medical treatments people want or do not want if they cannot express their wishes

A

Living will

70
Q

When a person designates a specific person to act as their representative in making healthcare decisions, that designee is called

A

Health care proxy

71
Q

In which of the following legal documents is the healthcare proxy authorized?

A

Durable power of attorney

72
Q

Which state in the United States passed a right to die law in 1999

A

Oregon

73
Q

The care provided for the dying in institutions devoted to those who a terminally ill is called

A

Hospice care

74
Q

The main purpose for hospice care is

A

Emphasis on making patients lives as full as possible, not on squeezing out every possible moment of life at any cost

75
Q

The acknowledgement of the objective fact that one has experienced a death is called

A

Bereavement

76
Q

The emotional response to ones loss is called

A

Grief

77
Q

In the final stage of grief, people tend to

A

Accommodation stage

78
Q

Research contradicts the common assumption that depression aft death of a loved one is widespread; only _____ % of people show relatively deep depression following the loss of a loved one

A

15-30

79
Q

True or false: It is clear that the fathers sperm does not determine the gender of the child

A

False

80
Q

True or false: dizygotic twins are a good example of the fact that more genetically similar two people are, the more likely they are to share physical characteristics

A

False

81
Q

True or false: Brain plasticity in infants is relatively low

A

False

82
Q

True or false: The term gender means the same as sex

A

False

83
Q

True or false: Vygotsky’s long life enabled him to advance his theories and become influential in the field of child development

A

False

84
Q

True or false: Most parents demonstrate a consistent panting mode/style

A

False

85
Q

True or false: During early childhood children’s thinking becomes fully mature

A

False

86
Q

True or false: Kohlbergs theory contends that students with higher levels of moral reasoning are less likely to engage in antisocial behavior at school

A

False

87
Q

True or false: boys and girls sexual maturation follows the same time course Jon development

A

False

88
Q

True or false: When the us students math and science scores are compared to other students in the world their math scores fall within the top third in the world

A

False

89
Q

True or false: some stress can be positively handled through exercise and or meditation

A

True

90
Q

True or false: more men than woman attend college

A

False

91
Q

True or false:Strength actually increases during middle adulthood

A

False

92
Q

True or false: menopause by itself does not produce psychological symptoms

A

False

93
Q

Most legal and illegal immigrants become financially successful in the US because they are highly motivated

A

True

94
Q

What age does research indicate is the fastest growing segment of population

A

Oldest old

95
Q

What’s true about regarding brain development and aging

A

Brain becomes smaller and lighter, uses less oxygen and glucose and blood flow is reduced, the number of neurons decline in some parts of the brain.

96
Q

The theory that processing in all parts of the nervous system including the brain is less efficient is called…

A

Generalized slowing hypothesis

97
Q

When a cells ______ have just about disappeared the cell stops replicating making it susceptible to damage and producing signs of aging.

A

Telomeres

98
Q

People who study death and dying are called

A

Thanatologists

99
Q

Which of the following countries supports and has legalized assisted suicide performance by physicians

A

Netherlands

100
Q

What’s included in the first stage of grief

A

Shock, numbness, disbelief, denial

Human Growth Final (1 decks)

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