Final Flashcards
Which of the following contain prokaryotic cells?
a) the archaea b) the protistans c) the fungi d) all of the above
a) the archaea
The molecule associated with energy transfer in living organisms is:
a) deoxyribonucleic acid b) lipids c) ATP d) carbon
c) ATP
A community and its physical and chemical environment constitute:
a) a population b) the biosphere c) an ecosystem d) an organ system
c) an ecosystem
The molecule of inheritance is:
a) deoxyribonucleic acid b) lipids c) ATP d) carbon
a) deoxyribonucleic acid
Which of the following is not a requirement of all living things:
a) reproduction b) metabolism c) adaptation d) aerobic respiration e) none of the above
d) aerobic respiration
The one-way flow of energy through the biosphere starts with energy input from:
a) deoxyribonucleic acid b) the sun c) ATP d) aerobic respiration
b) the sun
The scientific name for human is HOMO SAPIENS. HOMO is the genus and SAPIENS is the specie. The scientific way to refer to human is:
a) Homo sapiens b) Sapiens Homo c) homo Sapiens d) Homo sapiens e) Sapiens homo
d) Homo sapiens
Decomposers include certain bacteria and fungi.
True
Sexual reproduction results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.
False
The atom of element Phosphorus has 16 neutrons and 15 electrons. What is the atomic number for Phosphorus atom?________
15
Element Helium(He) has atomic number of 2. Do you consider this element reactive or inert?
Inert
Atoms gain or lose electrons to form
a) ionic bonds b) covalent bonds c) hydrogen bonds
a) ionic bonds
The normal range of blood pH indicates:
a) 7.3-7.5 b) 5.5-6.3 c) 7.8-8.3 d) above 8.5
a) 7.3-7.5
Two atoms of oxygen are bond together by double covalent bond. How many electrons do they share?
a) 2 b) 4 c) 6 d) 5
b) 4
Neutrons are negatively charged
False
Water is a great solvent of polar molecules.
True
In a polar covalent bond, electrons are equally shared.
False
Loss of a protein’s normal 3-D shape because of high temperatures or changes in pH is called:
a) metabolism b) denaturation c) hydrolysis d) condensation
b) denaturation
In a condensation reaction, small molecules come together to make a large molecule.
True
Ribose is a 6-carbon monosaccharide.
False
building blocks of nucleic acids are
nucleotides
building blocks of proteins are
amino acids
building blocks of most lipids are glycerol and
fatty acids
building blocks of carbohydrates are
monosaccharides
If a solution outside of a cell contains a greater concentration of dissolved solutes than the contents of the cell, the solution is said to be hypotonic
false
In active transport solutes are transported down their concentration gradient.
false
Phospholipids contain a hydrophobic head and two hydrophillic tails.
false
Plant cells but not animal cells have:
a) Golgi bodies b) ER c) plastids d) central vacuole e) c & d
e) c & d (plastids & central vacuole)
synthesis of proteins takes place in
rough ER
photosynthesis takes place in
chloroplasts
synthesis of lipids takes place in
smooth ER
modifies,sorst, packages & ships proteins & lipids
Golgi bodies
provide movement for the cells
flagella
digestion in the cell is done by
lysosomes
ATP is produced in
mitochondrion
The final product(s) of glycolysis include:
a) glucose molecules b) pyruvate molecules c) ATP d) b & c e) a & c
d) b & c (pyruvate molecules & ATP)
Oxygen is formed during:
a) the non-cyclic pathway of ATP formation b) the cyclic pathway of ATP formation c) the light-independent stage of photosynthesis d) all of the above
a) the non-cyclic pathway of ATP formation
Cell’s ability to acquire energy and use it to, store, build, or break apart substances is
called:
a) biochemistry
b) photosynthesis
c) respiration
d) metabolismd) metabolism
Enzymes
a) speed up metabolic reactions b) lower the activation energy c) get used up during a reaction d) a & b e) a & b & c
d) a & b (speed up metabolic reactions & lower the activation energy)
In the non-cyclic pathway of the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis, two photosystems are involved.
true
Glucose is formed in the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis.
false
The starting molecule in glycolysis is pyruvate.
false
Krebs cycle of aerobic respiration takes place in the cytoplasm.
false
CO2 is released during Krebs(citric acid) cycle.
true
Light-independent stage of photosynthesis takes place in the grana.
false
In exergonic reactions, energy is released.
true
What would be the complimentary strand of DNA to the DNA strand below?
DNA 3’A-T-C-G-T-T-G-A-C-A-T-T 5’
5’ T-A-G-C-A-A-C-T-G-T-A-A 3’
One species’ DNA differs from others in its
a) sugars b) phosphate groups c) nucleotide sequence d) all of the above
c) nucleotide sequence
DNA replication results in
a) four molecules, half-old, and half-new strands b) two molecules, each with one old strand and one newly assembled strand of nucleotides c) three double-stranded molecules, one with new strands and two that are discarded d) none of the above
b) two molecules, each with one old strand and one newly assembled strand of nucleotides
DNA binding proteins
stabilize the single-stranded DNA & keep the strands apart
DNA polymerase
adds DNA nucleotides to the primer to build the new strand
ligase
joins Okazaki fragments; seals small gaps
helicase
unwinds parental DNA double helix
Primase
produces & adds primers to template strand
Watson & Crick
discovered the double helix structure of DNA
What would be the mRNA transcribed from this DNA sequence?
DNA
3’T-A-C-A-T-A-A-G-G-A-A-T-T-C-T-A-C-T5’
For how many amino acids does this mRNA sequence code?
mRNA
5’A-U-G-U-A-U-U-C-C-U-U-A-A-G-A-U-G-A3’
5 amino acids
The RNA molecule is
a) a double helix b) single-stranded c) double-stranded d) none of the above
b) single-stranded
mRNA is produced by
a) replication b) transcription c) translation
b) transcription
The five-carbon sugar found in RNA is:
a) galactose b) ribose c) deoxyribose d) glucose
b) ribose
The loading of mRNA onto an intact ribosome occurs during
a) translation b) transcription c) transcript processing d) none of the above
a) translation
The enzyme used during transcription is DNA polymerase
false
A codon is a double nucleotide on mRNA
false
initiation
the first tRNA carrying methionine binds ribosome and mRNA
elongation
tRNA molecules carrying amino acids add to the growing polypeptide chain
termination
a stop codon is reached
In animals cells, cytoplasmic division is done by furrowing.
true
Nuclear membrane begins to break down in prophase.
true
Chromosomes are at their maximum condensation in telophase.
false
Random alignment of the homologous chromosomes happens at metaphase I.
true
There are two nuclear divisions in mitosis and one nuclear division in meiosis
false
Mitosis and cytokinesis give rise to two clones (genetically identical cells).
true
A human primary oocyte can give rise to only one viable egg.
true
Sister-chromatids are lined up at the equator of the spindle at:
a) metaphase stage of mitosis b) anaphase stage of mitosis c) telophase stage of mitosis d) prophase stage of mitosis
a) metaphase stage of mitosis
Chromosomes are duplicated in:
a) prophase b) the G1 stage of interphase c) the S stage of interphase d) the G2 stage of interphase
c) the S stage of interphase
Crossing over
a) takes place during prophase I stage of meiosis b) happens between the nonsister chromatids c) produces variety in the genetic make up of the gametes d) all of the above
d) all of the above
A homozygote has a pair of identical alleles whereas a heterozygote has a pair of nonidentical alleles.
true
