Final Flashcards
The biggest dance craze of the early 1960’s was called ____.
The Twist
The twist was made popular by _____.
Chubby Checker
What is “The Wall of Sound”?
A recording technique pioneered by Phil Spector in which multiple instruments duplicate each part, and there’s lots of reverb, but the vocals are out front and very audible.
Motown was started by ___.
Berry Gordy
Motown was started in the year ___.
1959
Motown was started in the city of ___.
Detroit
Motown’s motto?
“The Sound of Young America”
Motown had a top-notch in-house backing band called:
The Funk Brothers
Name four famous Motown recording artists:
Gladys Knight & the Pips,
Marvin Gaye,
The Four Tops,
Stevie Wonder
Several early Beach Boys songs heavily “borrow” (or steal depending on how you look at it) from this famous early rock-n-roller:
Chuck Berry
The Beach Boys formed in the year ___.
1961
The Beach Boys formed in the state of ___.
California
The Beach Boys’ leader?
Brian Wilson
The best-selling American musical artist or group of the 1960s?
The Beach Boys
The British Invasion happened in the year ___.
1964
Name four British Invasion bands or artists:
The Kinks,
The Rolling Stones,
The Beatles,
The Who
The first Beatles song to reach Number One in America was:
I want to hold your hand.
What is a “concept album”?
An album strung together with a single, unified theme.
The first two “concept albums”?
Pet Sounds (Beach Boys), Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (The Beatles)
President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in the year ___.
1963
3 big country stars from the 60s:
Patsy Cline,
Merle Haggard,
Brenda Lee
The three biggest “soul music” stars of the mid-to-late 60s?
Aretha Franklin,
James Brown,
Ray Charles
Probably the most famous artist or group in the 1960’s Urban Folk scene was :
Bob Dylan
Name 3 popular “Psychedelic Rock” artists from San Fransisco in the late 1960’s.
Grateful Dead,
Janis Joplin,
Jefferson Airplane
The leader of the Grateful Dead?
Jerry Garcia
Two guitar of the mid-to-late 60s:
Eric Clapton,
Jimi Hendrix
MLK was assassinated in the year:
1968
Describe soul music:
Heavy gospel, blues, R&B influence. Greatly influenced from the African American music tradition like clapping and call-and-response.
Two singer-songwriters?
Joni Mitchell,
James Taylor
Two soft soul singers?
Al Green, Barry White
Two country pop artists?
Kenny Rodgers, John Denver
Two Disco artists
The Village People, The Bee Gees
A Bubble Gum pop artist?
The Osmonds
An adult contemporary artist?
Barbara Streisand
A glam rock artist?
David Bowie
Two AOR (art rock) artists?
King Crimson. Pink Floyd
Two AOR (hard rock) artists?
Deep Purple, Led Zeppelin
What disco-based film boosted the popularity of disco during the late 1970’s?
Saturday Night Fever
AOR was a popular FM radio format that was used in the 1970’s. What does AOR stand for?
Album Oriented Rock
Nixon resigned in the year___.
1974
US combat in the Vietnam War took place from _____ to _____.
1965 to 1975
What was the music industry in the 1970s?
In the 1970’s the music industry reached new heights of consolidation: six huge corporations were responsible for over 80% of record sales.
Name some new genres that emerged in the 1970s.
middle of the road, soft soul, country pop, glam rock, easy listening, disco, funk, heavy metal, punk rock, bubble gum, adult contemporary, reggae
Author Tom Wolfe famously called the 1970’s…
“The Me Decade”
Name the characteristics of disco music:
insistent pounding beat, good for dancing to,
limited harmonic vocabulary (not a lot of different or complicated chords),
straightforward subject matter and lyrics,
straightforward, repetitive song forms,
steady, medium-fast tempo.
Two progressive country artists?
Willie Nelson, Towns Van Zandt
Two reggae artists?
Jimmy Cliff, Peter Tosh
Two salsa artists?
Willie Colon, Eddie Palmieri
Two punk artists?
The Ramones, Sex Pistols
Two new wave artists?
Talking Heads, Devo
Two “musical ancestors of the punk/new wave movement?
Velvet Underground, New York Dolls
Two funk artists?
Parliament/Funkadelic, Sly & the Family Stone
Two early hip-hop DJs?
Kool Herc, Afrika Bambata
Who was the leader of Parliament/Funkadelic?
George Clinton
Who was the first bona-fide punk rock band?
The Ramones
The Ramones were formed in ___ in the year ___.
New York City, 1974
What was the name of the club where the Punk and New Wave scene was focused?
CBGB & OMFUG
Explain the origins of rap…
___.
Rap began in ___ in ___.
The Bronx, the mid 1970s.
Explain the evolution of reggae…
Early musical precursor was the upbeat “ska” music, which eventually became the slower “rock steady” and by the late 60s, with the added influence of Rastafarianism and “Rude Boy street politics”, turned into Reggae.
Name four “pop superstars” of the 1980s:
Whitney Houston, Madonna, Michael Jackson, (Paul Simon?)
The first video to air on MTV was ______ in the year ____.
Video Killed the Radio Star, 1981
Audio compact discs (CDs) have been available to the public since the year…
1983
How much music (in minutes) could originally fit on a CD??
___.
What was the Sony Walkman and when did it first come out?
A small portable tape player, 198__.
Who was the US President for most of the 1980s?
Ronald Reagan
The top-selling album of all time is ___ by ___.
Thriller, Michael Jackson
Why did Prince change his name to an unpronounceable symbol?
He was in a protracted struggle with his record company, Warner Brothers, who owned the right to the name Prince and all music marketed under that name
What era saw a rapid acceleration of rap’s movement into the popular mainstream?
The mid 1980s.
1986 saw the release of the first two multiplatinum rap albums ___ and ___.
Raising Hell (Run-DMC), Licensed to Ill (Beastie Boys)
Def Jam Records was co-founded in what year and by whom?
1984, Russell Simmons & Rick Rubin
In what year did MTV start their first TV show dedicated to hip-hop music “Yo! MTV Raps”, and the Grammy Awards added a rap category, and Billboards added a rap singles chart?
1988
One of the best selling rap albums of all time, holding the number one position for 21 weeks and selling over ten million copies was _____, by ___, in the year _____.
Please Hammer Don’t Hurt ‘Em,
MC Hammer,
1990
Many fans turned their backs on what artist when it was discovered that he was raised in comfortable circumstances in a middle-class neighborhood and had invented the gangster persona for himself.
Vanilla Ice
What does NWA stand for?
Niggaz with Attitude
NWA formed in what city?
Their style expressed the gangsta lifestyle, saturated with images of sex and violence. Their music often had the sound of automatic weapon fire and police sirens in it.
Los Angeles
In what year did 2 Live Crew get sued for sampling the song ___.
1989
“Oh Pretty Woman” by Roy Orbison & William Dees
Who was the most important woman in the history of hip-hop?
Queen Latifah
Queen Latifa’s debut album was ___, and came out in ___.
All Hail the Queen,
1989
Talk about the east coast - west coast hip hop rivalry in the 1990s.
On the east coast you had Bad Boy Records who had artists like The Notorious B.I.G. (a.k.a. Biggie Smalls). On the west coast you had Death Row Records with artists like Tupac Shakur. By the end of 1997, two people had been shot and killed (one from each of the rival record companies).
Name 4 gangsta rappers.
Ice-T,
NWA,
Snoop Dogg,
Tupac Shakur
The roots of techno are traced to ___.
Detroit
A controversial aspect of raves was the prevalent use of:
a psychoactive drug called Ecstasy (MDMA)
“House music” began in the city of ___ and was named after a popular ___ club called ___.
Chicago,
gay dance,
the Warehouse
Name some subgenres of techno music:
gabba, jungle, tribal, acid jazz, ambient
an alternative dance artist?
Pop Will Eat Itself
an adult alternative pop/rock artist?
Alanis Morrisette
an alternative country artist?
K.D. Lang
an alternative country rock artist?
Uncle Tupelo
an alternative contemporary Christian music artist?
Sixpence None the Richer
an alternative metal artist?
Rage Against the Machine
an alternative rap artist?
De La Soul
an alternative pop/rock artist?
Sonic Youth
The two most influential indie rock band of the 1980s?
REM, Sonic Youth
Talk about Hardcore…
Hardcore, an extreme version of punk developed in clubs on the West Coast during the early 1980s and included bands like The Dead Kennedys and Black Flag.
What band had a self-titled album that came out in 1991 and stayed on the charts for 266 weeks?
Metallica
Talk about Nirvana…
Probably the most well known alternative rock / grunge band was Nirvana. One of their biggest hits was a song called “Smells Like Teen Spirit”. The lead singer, a fellow named Kurt Cobain was from Aberdeen, and eventually he killed himself with a shotgun.
Phish created a loyal following by extending the approach of what quintessential 1960s band?
The Grateful Dead
A folk singer dressed in punk rock clothing:
Ani DiFranco
Hip-hop artist whose work is a self-conscious alternative to the violence and sexism in the work of rap stars such as Dr. Dre, the Notorious B.I.G., and 2Pac Shakur:
Lauryn Hill
