Final Flashcards
Which of the following statements best describes the author’s view of the medical model?
a. The medical model is especially relevant for culturally diverse client population.
b. Corey appreciates the focus on psychopathology and believes it gives clinicians the tools to assess what’s wrong with clients.
c. The medical model emphasizes strengths and competencies rather than psychopathology.
d. A focus on the medical model restricts therapeutic practice because it stresses deficits rather than strengths.
d. A focus on the medical model restricts therapeutic practice because it stresses deficits rather than strengths.
Which of these statements about interventions is true?
a. You should only use counseling interventions when you are certified or licensed.
b. It is helpful to use one type of intervention with most clients.
c. During the course of an individual’s therapy, different interventions may be needed at different times.
d. It is best to require clients to adapt to your approach to counseling and the interventions that you are skilled at using.
c. During the course of an individual’s therapy, different interventions may be needed at different times.
A comprehensive approach to counseling:
goes beyond focusing on our internal dynamics and addresses those environmental and systemic realities that influence us.
Which of the following is not an issue Stan struggles with?
a. aggressive outbursts
b. substance use
c. lacking a sense of direction and meaning in life
d. fear of being alone
e. fear of intimate relationships with women
a. aggressive outbursts
Clients place more value on ________ than on ______.
the personality of the therapist; the specific techniques used
Personal therapy for therapists can be instrumental in assisting them:
a. to work through their own personal conflicts
b. to understand their own needs and motives for choosing to become professional helpers
c. to gain an experiential sense of what is is like to be a client
d. to heal their own psychological wounds
e. all of these
e. all of these
The author describes the characteristics of an effective counselor. By including this information in the chapter, he is hoping to convey the message that:
you should develop your own concept of what personality traits you think are essential to strive for to promote your own personal growth
Essential components of effective multicultural counseling include all of the following except:
a. Counselors feel comfortable with their clients’ values and beliefs
b. Counselors are aware of how their own biases could affect ethnic minority clients
c. Counselors avoid becoming involved in out-of-office interventions.
d. Counselors employ institutional intervention skills on behalf of their clients when necessary or appropriate.
c. Counselors avoid becoming involved in out-of-office interventions.
The _____ factors—the alliance, the relationship, the personal and interpersonal skills of the therapist, client, agency, and extra-therapeutic factors—are the primary determinants of therapeutic outcome.
contextual
The ego defense mechanism in which a person exhibits behavior that clearly shows signs of reverting to less mature stages is ______?
regression
The ego defense mechanism that consists of masking perceived weaknesses or developing certain positive traits to make up for limitations is known as:
b. compensation
What is the correct sequence of the psychosexual stages?
c. oral/anal/phallic/latency/genital
In Erikson’s view, the major developmental task in adolescence is:
identity vs. role confusion
A person experiencing persistent feelings of inadequacy has probably had difficulty attaining a sense of _______ during the ______ stage.
industry; school age
All of the following are a part of Jung’s view of development except:
a. collective unconsciousb
b. the shadow
c. archetypes
d. individuation
e. symbiosis
e. symbiosis
Who developed the object-relations view that focuses on separation and individuation?
Mahler
In psychoanalytic therapy, how do clients work with their dreams?
They report their dreams and are encouraged to free associate to the elements of the dream.
An Adlerian therapist asks for the client’s earliest recollections in order to:
a. discover goals and motivations
b. give clues as to the development of that individual’s lifestyle
c. reveal their beliefs and basic mistakes
d. all of these
d. all of these
Dr. Kane pointed out to her client John that his feelings of inadequacy at work seem reminiscent of the feelings he experienced in his family of origin. It is probable that Dr. Kane:
a. was looking for continuity by paying attention to themes running through John’s life
b. was crossing theoretical boundaries by referring to John’s past
c. was hoping her intervention would promote transference, which could then be worked through
d. was trying to get John to tap into the unconscious realm by having him explore painful memories related to his family of orgin.
a. was looking for continuity by paying attention to themes running through John’s life
Which of the following is not true about the Adlerian concept of “private logic”?
a. It is the result of the feelings and emotions we experience in our daily lives
b. It provides a central psychological unity for us
c. It is the philosophy upon which we base our lifestyle.
d. It often does not conform to the reality of social living.
a. It is the result of the feelings and emotions we experience in our daily lives.
Adler pioneered the practice of teaching professionals through live demonstrations with parents and children before large audiences. This is now called:
“open-forum” family counseling
The premise of Adlerian group work is that:
b. client’s problems are usually of a social nature
Expanding awareness is a basic goal of _________ therapy.
existential
Who was the Danish philosopher that addressed the role of anxiety and uncertainty in life?
Soren Kierkegaard
Therapy is viewed as a _____ in the sense that the interpersonal and existential problems of the client will becom apparent in the here and now of the therapy relationship.
social microcosm
The central theme running through the works of Viktor Frankl is:
the will to meaning
Being alone is a process by which we do all of the following except:
a. reject the social overtures of others
b. develop a deep understanding of ourselves
c. learn to tolerate feelings of isolation
d. develop strength through self-reliance
a. reject the social overtures of others
The goals of existential therapy include all but _____?
a. broadening clients’ awareness of their purpose and meaning in life.
b. enabling clients to clarify their purpose and meaning in life.
c. helping clients become more honest with themselves
d. helping clients to eliminate anxiety in their lives.
d. helping clients to eliminate anxiety in their lives.
In the book Staring at the Sun: Overcoming the Terror Of Death (2008), __________ develops the idea that confronting death enables us to live in a more compassionate way.
Irvin Yalom
Time-limited existential treatments:
mirror the time-limited reality of human existence
The ______ that recently has come into prominence shares many concepts on the healthy side of human existence with the humanistic approach.
positive psychology movement
Argualbly, the most central limitations of the person centered approach is:
a. the continual evolution of the approach leads to unclear therapeutic principles
b. the therapist’s limitations as a person
c. shortcomings of the studies of the approach
d. their view of assessment and diagnosis
b. the therapist’s limitations as a person
Which of the following is not true about Carl Rogers?
a. He was a pioneer in humanistic approaches to counseling
b. He developed cognitive therapy
c. At one point in his life, he was preparing to enter the ministry
d. He made a contribution toward achieving world peace
e. He was raised with strict religious standards in his home.
b. He developed cognitive therapy.
What is the correct order in terms of the historical development of Carl Roger’s approach to counseling?
nondirective/client-centered/person-centered
According to Rogerian therapy, and “internal souce of evaluation” is defined as”
a. internalizing the validation one recieves from others
b. a neurotic tendency to be self-critical
c. going on one’s instincts when judging the behaviors of others
d. a success identity
e. looking more to oneself for the answers to the problems of exististence
e. looking more to oneself for the answers to the problems of existence
Which of the following is not true about the most recent trends in person-centered therapy?
a. Acceptance and clarification are the main techniques used
b. It allows the therapist greater freedom to be active in the therapeutic relationship
c. The therapist is encouraged to bring his or her values to the therapeutic relationship
d. It could be referred to as holistic therapy
e. It emphasizes an increased involvment of the therapist as a person
a. Acceptance and clarification are the main techniques used
Carl Rogers’s position on confronting the client is that:
caring confrontations can be beneficial
Carl Rogers drew heavily from existential concepts, especially as they apply to:
the client/therapist relationship
The person-centered approach has been applied to:
a. family therapy
b. personal-growth groups
c. foreign relations
d. education
e. all of these
e. all of these
One of the limitations of the person-centered approach is that”
a. it is not grounded in personality theory
b. there can be a tendency to give too much support and not enough challenge
c. therapists use vigorous confrontation methods
d. it has not been subjected to rigorous research
b. there can be a tendency to give too much support and not enough challenge
T/F: Rudolf Dreikurs is credited with popularizing the Adlerian approach in the US.
True
T/F: The id is related to the concept of libido.
true
T/F: All analytically oriented therapists subscribe to the model of the “anonymous therapist” of the “blank screen” as a necessary way to foster transference.
false
T/F:Adlerian views of birth order and family constellation are highly relevant to individuals from all cultural contexts.
false
T/F: According to existential thinking, effective therapy does not stop with awareness, for clients are challenged to take action based on their insights.
true
T/F: Existentialists claim that the use of specific techniques os the cornerstone of the approach.
false
T/F: Existential therapy is rarely used for group treatment.
false
T/F: Therapists are encouraged to use positive regard for clients only as a means of shaping their behavior.
false
T/F: Therapists who demonstrate little acceptance of their clients can anticipate that their therapeutic attempts will falter.
true
T/F: Maslow postulated a hierarchy of needs as a source of motivation, with the most basic needs being physicological needs.
true
