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lighting > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

1
Q

two major groups of photo receptors in the eye are

A

rodes and cones

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2
Q

a unit measurement of light on a surface

A

foot-candle

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3
Q

in layered lighting design, nam four basic types of layered lighting

A

ambient, task, accent, decorative

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4
Q

the four types of glare are

A

direct, indirect, discomfort, disability

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5
Q

unit of measurement of light output of a lamp

A

lumen

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6
Q

lighting technique that places lighting close to object or wall

A

grazing

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7
Q

a lower number in kelvins relates to a BLANK color, while a higher number to a BLANK color

A

yellow, blue

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8
Q

adaption of the eye occurs when the

A

the pupil opens and closes when going from light to dark spaces

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9
Q

the eyes field of vision is

A

65 or (65+65=130)

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10
Q

accent lighting

A

draws attention to an object

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11
Q

the steps of the lighting design process are

A

project planning, programming, schematic design, design development, contract docs, contract administration, evaluation

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12
Q

the color correlated temperature (CCT) is

A

the wavelength of the colors in nanometers, are defined around the perimeter of the color triangle and spectrum of colors

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13
Q

sustainable design is

A

a build environment that focuses on products and processes that protects the environment

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14
Q

name the seven categories of luminaries

A
  1. recessed
  2. pendant or suspended
  3. structural/cove
  4. downlight
  5. floor lamp/decorative
  6. task light
  7. spot/accent light
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15
Q

fiber optic luminaries are includes

A

illuminator

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16
Q

daylighting used in lighting is

A

specific to bringing natural light into building

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17
Q

name three types of transmission

A

direct, diffused, mixed

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18
Q

one foot-candle equals

A

10.76 lux

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19
Q

which is another name for LED lighting

A

solid state lighting (SSL)

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20
Q

what are two advantages and two disadvantages of natural light sources

A

adv: good for health and circadian system, high CRI
disadvantages: might cause glare and fading of materials

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21
Q

photometry is the

A

measurement of the intensity, brightness, or properties of light

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22
Q

colors in lighting that additive to make white light?

A

R. G. B.

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23
Q

a luminare prouces 90-100% uplight has the CIE classification of

A

indirect

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24
Q

what is efficacy

A

lumens per watt

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25
Q

mean lumen is

A

average light output over life of lamp

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26
Q

the American’s with disabilities act specifies

A

-wall mounted luminaries should not extend more than 4 inches

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27
Q

out circadian rhythms disruption can affect

A

sleep lord, depression and anxiety

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28
Q

the measure of persons ability to distinguish fine detail is called

A

visual activity

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29
Q

photobiology is the science that examines the interaction of light and living organisms

A

true

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30
Q

melatonin stops producing around what time

A

7:30am

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31
Q

what does CRI stand for? and what is the range of it?

A

color rendering index, ranges from 0-100

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32
Q

what is the degree of warmness or coolness of a light source, measured in kelvins?

A

color temperature and chromaticity

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33
Q

what is illuminance? and what are the system of units for it?

A

total amount of light falling on a surface, measured in lux or foot-candle

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34
Q

what is glare? and what are the types by origin and by effects on people

A

excessive brightness, direct, indirect, disability, and discomfort

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35
Q

brightness is the result of the interaction between an illumination level and the amount of light reflected off various surfaces, known as reflectance

A

true

36
Q

name two types of transmission from glass

A

direct, diffused, mixed and transmission

37
Q

the visible light spectrum ranges from about

A

400nm to 750nm

38
Q

what is included in layered lighting

A

general, task and accent lighting, decorative

39
Q

of the three color temperatures listed, which ones contains the highest content of blue?

A

5000K

40
Q

the vision process path is as follows

A

pupil, iris, lens, cornea, retina

41
Q

what is inter reflection

A

when light is trapped/reflects between two surfaces

42
Q

which elements can reduce glare for a luminaire

a. shade
b. baffle and louver
c. lens

A

ANSWER:ALL

43
Q

BLANK increases stimulation an impression of pleasantness

A

adaptation

44
Q

what is charette

A

lighting designers, interior designers and other professionals involved in the project engage in a comprehensive brainstorming process

45
Q

what does an RCP include

A
  • location of luminaries
  • dimensions/spacing
  • symbol legends
  • mounting heights
  • location of switches, sensors, outlets, circuiting/wiring
46
Q

what is included in a physical assessment of the programming phase

A
  • site visits creating inventory of the luminaries.
  • determination of luminaries
  • situation architectural features/details
  • location of electrical outlets, controls
  • taking photograph of interior daylighting consideration
47
Q

observations should occur at different

A

times of the day

48
Q

in the design development phase, layouts and lighting systems are presented to the client

A

true

49
Q

what is the purpose of the design development phase

A

in the design development phase, lighting concepts are devised and prepared in the form of presentation media and specifications of products for clients approval. This process formulates the creative ideas

50
Q

ideal situation is to combine the results of the surveys and interviews with

A

field observation

51
Q

the primary purpose of field observations is to watch how people behave in a specific lighting environment

A

true

52
Q

what phase is used to determine user satisfaction with lighting design

A

evaluation (post occupancy evaluation)

53
Q

what is sustainable design

A

focuses on the interaction of the earth, society, the economy, and the built environment but conserving resources, minimizing waste, and creating healthy environments for current and future generations

54
Q

what is EIA

A

energy information administration

55
Q

light pollution is

A

excessive illumination in the sky from electrical sources

56
Q

who is responsible for educating their clients in sustainable lighting

A

lighting/ interior designer

57
Q

how lighting can affect the energy conservation directly and indirectly

A

directly by power consumption to light up the space. indirectly by air conditioners to consume energy in order to cool down the heat produced by lights

58
Q

what are the goals in specifying lighting systems for a sustainable design? (3 items)

A
  • minimize energy consumption
  • reduce light pollution and light trespass
  • maximize daylight
  • eliminate toxic substances
  • recycle lamps
59
Q

name spaces with floor and desk work planes

A

office work stations, meeting rooms (work plan is on the desk_, corridors/hallways, lobbies (work plan is on the floor)

60
Q

what does not lumen method (zonal cavity method) calculate?

A

illuminance on vertical surfaces. illuminance on slanted surfaces

61
Q

what are laws of gestalt

A

the basic principal that lies behind our ability to distinguish between shapes and background is once again evident here: our unconscious search for order in our visual field. closed forms, proximity, linking line, etc.

62
Q

the brightness/ lightness of surface depends on

A

a. its immediate surroundings
b. opposite surfaces
c. ceiling surface

63
Q

the spatial impression (the perception of elevation and depth) is determined by the direction of the light

A

true

64
Q

room cavity is the

A

space from work plane to the light fixture

65
Q

illuminance patterns should be in accordance with the architecture

A

true

66
Q

uniform lighting with diffused light create BLANK shadows

A

softer and less distinct

67
Q

light distribution that is not aligned with the architectural structure of the space is perceived as BLANK that do not relate to the space

A

disturbing patterns

68
Q

an occupancy sensor detects movement in several different ways. two of those ways are through infrared and sonic detection

A

true

69
Q

you have a single-phase electrical circuit that has a sum total of 1800 watts and an amperage of 7.5: what is the voltage

A

240 volts

70
Q

taking the same parameters from above what would your amperage be if the voltage was 120 volts

A

15 amps

71
Q

BLANK detect illumination levels and adjusting the lights to specific brightness

A

photosensors

72
Q

the CIE states that there are BLANK luminaries light distributions

A

6

73
Q

name 4 different types of dining systems used to control lights (regardless of digital or analogue)

A

DMX, DALI, KNX, phase cut dimming, 0-10V

74
Q

compare electronic transformers vs. magnetic

A

magnetic transformers are heavy, noisy and larger than electronic transformers. they are also cost effective and reliable. They have a steel core, encased in copper wire. electronic transformers have an electrical circuit and are lightweight

75
Q

commissioning is a systematic process of ensuring that all building systems perform interactively according to documents design intent and the owners operational needs

A

true

76
Q

semi-recessed luminaries are installed part in the ceiling and part outside of the ceiling

A

true

77
Q

name 3 different spaces that fixtures with IP rates are required

A

outdoor spaces, bathrooms/restrooms, kitchens, SPA/swimming pools, spaces with any unground lighting etc.

78
Q

lighting control zones are also related to lighting circuits

A

true

79
Q

a main issue with transformers is

A

voltage drop

80
Q

KNX device can control lighting, blinds, HVAC, energy, management, audio/video, displays, remote controls, etc

A

true

81
Q

0-10V dimming works by varying the DC voltage supplied to the LEDs-between zero volts BLANK and 10 volts BLANK

A

OFF-100% brightness

82
Q

which dimming systems is an addressable communication interface for lighting systems

A

DALI

83
Q

what are the 2 tunable lighting and explain them briefly

A

color turnable: changing colored light from red to blue.

White turnable: changes the color temperature from cool to warm

84
Q

dimmers are devices that can change the brightness of the lights by changing the voltage waveform

A

true

85
Q

how many RGB (3colors) lights you can control in single DMX 512 universe

A

170

lighting (1 decks)

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