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Final Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the Pennsylvania gradual emancipation Act signed?

A

1780

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2
Q

Que sont les Pine Barrer Acts?

A

1782-1784
South Carolina
You can pay a debt back with any land, even if it is poor or infertile (law to help out people)

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3
Q

When and what is Shays’ Rebellion?

A

1786-87, New England

Government raises taxes to pay back rich creditors, farmers rebel and demand more equality

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4
Q

Composition des Framers

A 
55
39 signent
20 avocats
20 slaveowners
Élite «continentale», connus dans 13 états, cosmopolites
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5
Q

When was the “Grand Convention” (Constitution)

A

May-September 1787

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6
Q

What arguments are there about the Constitution, despite general agreement?

A
  1. Membership of congress: states of population?

2. *

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7
Q

What clause of the Constitution impairs states’ rights?

A

The contract clause, Art I section 10:

  • No state shall enter in alliance with another
  • States can’t emit bills of credit
  • Can’t pass laws imparing the obligation of contracts
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8
Q

How do the framers address the issue of fugitive slaves?

A

Art. IV, section 2

Allow slaveowners to recapture them in free states

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9
Q

Name 5 big names who signed the Constitution?

A

Washington, Franklin, Adams, Hamilton, Wilson

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10
Q

When was Washington inaugurated?

A

1789

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11
Q

What percentage of town population were villagers?

A

5-10%

but very influent!

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12
Q

How many turnpikes roads are built in NE between 1790 and 1820?

A

about 100

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13
Q

What was the name of the Enos Hitchcock novel published in 1793 and that promotes open-mindedness and ambition for countryside children?

A

The Farmer’s Friend

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14
Q

What institutions do reformers build to “excite youthful ambition” in town people?

A

Academies

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15
Q

How do academies promote competition among students?

A

Ranking and exhibitions in villages, where schools give prizes to successful students.
(no corpoal punishment)

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16
Q

When was the Bill of Rights promulgated?

A

1791

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17
Q

How does the new French Republic threatens the Vattel Peace of Nations in 1792-93?

A

They promis other Europeans countries to restore liberties in Europe. (extend the rev)

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18
Q

What year was the French Republic created?

A

1792

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19
Q

When is Louis Capet executed?

A

1793

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20
Q

When does France declare war on the UK?

A

1793

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21
Q

What revolutionary french hymn gains popularity in the US?

A

Ça ira

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22
Q

When was Jay’s Treaty signed?

A

1795(4) - 1804

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23
Q

Who was the French diplomat who came to the US asking help in the Revloution?

A

Citizen Tenet

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24
Q

What groups are pro-French, anti-British and Federalist-skeptical?

A
  • Urban workers and tradesmen (Irish and French immigrants)
  • Radicals (Pain et co., idées plus à gauche)
  • Southerners
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25
Q

What US citizens wear to indicate their political side and what do they each mean?

A

Cockades

  • Tricolore = Republican, pro-France, anti-gvt?
  • Black = Federalist
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26
Q

How does Baltimore go from a town to a major city?

A

Its port is sollicited in the re-export trade during the french-anglo war

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27
Q

When and what was the XYZ affaire?

A

1797-1798
Three american diplomats go to France, are offered bribes which offends them and make them leave without an agreement.
Leads to Quasi-War between US and France, 1798-1800

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28
Q

Which president doubles the Indian stations during his mandate in order to get them into debt?

A

Jefferson

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29
Q

What are called the programs in which Britain and Spain are giving out free land? (something the US gov never did)

A

Headright/Poblador

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30
Q

Year of the Louisianna purchase

A

1803

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31
Q

What was the name of Jefferson’s land-expansion and commerce doctrine?

A

“Empire of Liberty”

for and by white households

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32
Q

Année de la création de la République d’Haïti

A

1804

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33
Q

What are the 3 points to Jefferson’s western land policy?

A
  • Reduce minimum price of western land, $3.20 to $1.60 per acre
  • No restriction on slavery below Ohio River (1787 and 1790 acts)
  • Jefferson doubles the number of “Indian station
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34
Q

What do you call the forced enrollment of Irish soldiers from the streets they lived in onto royal navy ships?

A

“Press gang”, impressment

cause of tension leading to war of 1812

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35
Q

Which British ship stopped the USS Chesapeake, the event leading to tensions in 1807?

A

HMS Leopard

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36
Q

When does Jefferson start the embargo against Britain?

A

1807

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37
Q

Name and year of the battle that oppose Tecumseh’s revivalist Native federation and American settlers?

A

Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811

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38
Q

How many Federalists vote for the war of 1812?

A

None!

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39
Q

Who is reelected in 1812, just before the declaration of war on June 1st?

A

Madison (Democratic-Republican)

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40
Q

What idea is evoked to justify the war of 1812?

A

American innocence, British stubbornness in underminding them

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41
Q

What did Jeffersonians build instead ofa ship-of-the-line navy, that they found too centralized and expensive?

A

Gunboats

small boats with 1 cannon

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42
Q

Why did the militias try to take Upper Canada instead of Montreal, which at the time was the most important city?

A

They didn’t want to go through the unfriendly north-eastern states, who were opposed to the war

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43
Q

What year and in what battle was Tecumseh killed?

A

1813

Battle of Moraviantown or the Thames

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44
Q

Quelle nation crie est impliquée dans la guerre de 1812?

A

Muskogee

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45
Q

Name of the Redsticks massacre

A

Fort Tim massacre (1813)

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46
Q

What turning point of Andrew Jackson’s life occurs in 1792?

A

His Tennessee settlement is attacked by Cherokees. After that, Jackson HATES Natives and this hate heavily guides his politics.

47
Q

1814 battle: Jackson defeats the Redsticks

A

Horseshoe Bend (Alabama)

48
Q

1815 battle: Jackson defeats the british troops

A

New Orleans

… 2 weeks after the end of the war

49
Q

When is Napoleon defeated in Waterloo?

A

1815

50
Q

Monroe’s mandate

A

1817-1825

51
Q

Period of economic decline in America, “The Hard Times” (and depression in Britain as well)

A

1819-1822

52
Q

Caractéristiques économiques de 1815-1818

A
  1. Public spending and importation of english goods go up
  2. Banks gain importance, print as much as 3000 $/1 real specie
  3. Cotton culture begins to florish, replacing re-export business as golden cow
  4. Slave trade from the upper South to the deep South
53
Q

When was the international slave trade outlawed by the British?

A

1808

54
Q

Conséquece de la crise économique en Barbarde

A

Hightened cruelty towards slaves, who then rebel (Bussa’s rebellion in 1816

55
Q

What drives tens of thousands of American households to be in debt in 1819? (2)

A
  1. Mass purchase of British goods
  2. Mass purchase of Native land
    (capital flight)
56
Q

Which groups opposed the Stay and Replevin Laws during The Embarassments? (5)

A
  1. Rich creditors
  2. Manufacterers
  3. The Virginia Argus (influent conservative newspaper)
  4. Poor people who are owed money
  5. Andrew Jackson
57
Q

Who are the Seminoles?

A

A multi-racial multi-ethnic Nation made up of fugitive slaves from the British and Spanish colonies, and of Indian refugees in Florida.

58
Q

What sparks Jackson to wage war on the Black Seminoles in 1818?

A

A white woman is murdered near the frontier in Georgia

59
Q

What is the Nashville junto?

A

A clique of Jackson, his close friend and associate Overton and other Tenessee politicians who helped lauch Jackson as President and advised him during his mandate

60
Q

What propaganda did Jackson and Overton use to promote Jackson’s political career?

A

Biographies that were basically only about the war of 1812 and lauded him as a hero (spoke little of policy, and not at all of his support for relief)

61
Q

On what points was Jackson a radical?

A

US intervention abroad

  1. US soldiers to accompany trappers in upper Missouri (Indian land)
  2. Bombing Spanish Carribean harbors
62
Q

Who wins the election of 1824?

A

John Quincy Adams (in a contingent election in 1825 in the Chamber of Representatives) because none of the four candidates running had one a majority, even though Jackson came in first with 41% of the vote

63
Q

Out of the 12 first presidents, which ones didn’t own slaves?

A

John Adams and his son, Jonh Quincy Adams

64
Q

Why did the South not like JQA?

A
  1. Refuses treaty with Creeks

2. Wants to participate in the Panama Conference, where Haiti will be present

65
Q

What pamphlet convinced the people of Pennsylvania to cast an emotional vote for Jackson in 1828 even though their policies aligned more with JQA?

A

The Letters of Wyoming

referencing to a 1779 Iroquois attack in Wyoming Valley, Penn and to Jackson’s record of being hard on Indians

66
Q

What does Jackson claim is the cause of death of his wife?

A

Vicious campaign rumors calling her a prostitute

67
Q

Jackson’s winning stats in 1828 (3)

A

56% popular vote
doubles the turnout compared to 1824
90% in four states

68
Q

Year of the Indian Removal Act

A

1830

69
Q

4 things about the Indian Removal Act

A
  1. Empowers the president to negociate removal treaties
  2. 500 000$ to be used for bribes
  3. Doesn’t empower to deport anyone
    4.
70
Q

Patterns of support for Indian removal act in Congress

A

102 for: slave-holding states, southern

97 against: New England

71
Q

What is called the ultimate cotton crop that produces cotton balls?

A

Gossypium barbadense

72
Q

In the 1830s, what percentage of exports did cotton represent?

A

50%

73
Q

How was Jackson party called?

A

“The Democracy”

74
Q

What new party forms in protest of the Democracy, and what do they stand for (4)?

A

Whigs

  • Against Indian removal
  • Against cotton dependancy
  • Against Jackson’s animosity towards 2nd Bank of America
  • For a diversified economy, infrstructure, protectionist tariffs
75
Q

Who were the targets of the mobs of 1835?

A

Black Americans and abolitionists

76
Q

What were the lyceum?

A

Public institutions where people of varied backgrounds and ages came to practice public speaking.

77
Q

When did the economic depression start in the cotton states?

A

With the Panic of 1837

78
Q

When was “The Democracy” and 2 reasons for its defeat?

A

1840

  1. Lack of support for the Patriotes of Canada
  2. Blamed Jackson’s policies for the economic crisis
79
Q

3 révoltes esclaves avec dates

A
  1. German Coast LA, 1811
  2. Charleston 1822
  3. Virginia 1831
80
Q

Who lead the Louisianna slave revolt?

A

Charles Deslondes

81
Q

Who was rumored to be conspiring for a slave uprising in Charleston?

A

Denmark Vesey

82
Q

Who ran the abolitionst newspaper The Liberator?

A

Garrison

83
Q

Which abolitionist is killed by a mob in Cincinnati?

A

Lovejoy

84
Q

Years of Mexican-American war

A

1845-47

85
Q

When does Texas declare its independance?

A

1836

86
Q

Which senotar is beaten in the Senate in 1856?

A

Charles Sumner

87
Q

2 components of the compromise of 1850

A
  1. California slave-free

2. Extreme slave fugitive laws

88
Q

Quelle décision de la cours suprême déclare en 1857 la limitation de l’expansion de l’esclavage comme anti-constitutionnelle?
Qui était chief Justice?

A

Dred Scott. v Sanford

Robert Taney

89
Q

Who raids the federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia and dies an abolitionist martyr?

A

John Brown

90
Q

Was was the name of the third party in the 1860 election?

A

Constitutional union party

91
Q

Stats Union

A

20 millions habitants, 2.5x military man power
90% railroads, guns, iron
Navy

92
Q

Stats Confederacy

A

12 millions
70% exportations
Military culture and leadership

93
Q

First battle of the war and confederate victory

A

Bull Run, Vriginia

94
Q

Bataille de Fredericksburg qui fut une boucherie pour l’union à cause du général Burnside, incompétent

A

Fredericksburg, Virginia

95
Q

Quelle était la capitale des États confédérés?

A

Richmond, VA

96
Q

How did the confederate women manifest their opposition to the war that was killing their husbands?

A
  1. Encouraging sons and husbands to desert in letters

2. Seizing the bread and rioting in Richmond

97
Q

What do the 14th and 15th amendments lead to?

A
  1. US citizenship

2. Black voting ritghts

98
Q

Who was Lee’s second-in command who strongly advised him to not attack in Gettisburg?

A

Longstreak

99
Q

Which union general marched to the sea?

A

Sherman

100
Q

Approx deaths in the whole war

A

620 000

101
Q

Year of the declaration of Emancipation?

A

1863

102
Q

Quelle proportion de la pop était des esclaves?

A

1/8

103
Q

when did the benghal famine occur?

A

1770-1773

104
Q

How many copies did Common Sense sell?

A

120 000

105
Q

What was the name of the British nabob committing theft and genocide in South Asia?

A

Robert Clive

106
Q

When does Tom Paine arrive in America?

A

1775

107
Q

What percentage of England vs BNA are legal dependants?

A

68% vs 80%

108
Q

Who are the loyalists? (4)

A
  1. Quakers
  2. Anglicans
  3. Irish and Scottish newcomers
  4. The West Indies
109
Q

What book by Emer Vattel aura une grande influence philosophique sur l’élite révolutionnaire?

A

The Law of Nations

110
Q

When does the British army occupy Boston?

A

1775

111
Q

What year was the Battle of Sarratoga in upstate NY?

A

1777

112
Q

What year is the franco-american alliance?

A

1778

113
Q

Which founding what sees his house mobbed in 1779 because he is opposed to price control for the poor?

A

Wilson

US History to 1865 (2 decks)

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