Final

Question 1

How many weeks is considered preterm

Answer 1

Less than 37

Question 2

How many weeks is a post term infant

Answer 2

Beyond 42 weeks

Question 3

How many weeks is an early term infant

Answer 3

Born between 37 week and 38 weeks, 6 days

Question 4

How many weeks is a full term infant

Answer 4

Between 39 weeks and 40 weeks, 6 days

Question 5

How many weeks is late term

Answer 5

Born between 41 weeks and 41 weeks, 6 days

Question 6

What are some causes of preterm birth

Answer 6

Multiple births
Maternal Illness
Hazards of actual pregnancy
Placental Abnormalities such as placenta previa and placenta abruptio

Question 7

What is Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Answer 7

aka RDS
aka Hyaline membrane disease
Result of lung immaturity, deficient amount of surfactant

Question 8

What are s/s of Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Answer 8

RR 60 breaths per min or greater

Grunting, nasal flaring, cyanosis, intercostal and sternal retractions

Question 9

What is the treatment for Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Answer 9

pre-delivery administration of corticosteroid to the mother, administration of surfactant via ET tube

Question 10

What are symptoms of sepsis in a preterm infant?

Answer 10

Low temp, lethargic, irritable, poor feeding, respiratory distress

Question 11

How is sepsis treated?

Answer 11

Administration of IV antimicrobials, maintenance of warmth and nutrition, close monitoring of vital signs, care should be organized to help infant conserve as much energy as possible

Question 12

What is necrotizing Enterocolitis

Answer 12

Acute inflammation of the bowel that leads to bowel necrosis. Diminished blood supply to the bowels related to hypoxia or sepsis.

Question 13

S/S of necrotizing enterocolitis

Answer 13

abdominal distension, bloody stools, diarrhea, bilious vomitus

Question 14

Why are preterm infants placed on the side or prone with head of matress slightly elevated?

Answer 14

Decreases respiratory effort; improves oxygenation
Promotes more organized sleep pattern and lessens physical activity that burns up energy needed for growth and development

Question 15

What are some issues with a Posterm Infant?

Answer 15

Born beyond 42 weeks gestation
Placenta does not function well as it ages
Can result in fetal distress
Mortality rate of later-term infants is higher than that of term newborns

Question 16

What are some problems with Posterm delivery?

Answer 16

Asphyxia, meconium aspiration, poor nutritional status, difficult delivery due to size of fetus, birth defects, seizsures

Question 17

What are physical characteriscts of the posterm infant

Answer 17

Long and thin, weight may have been lost and skin is loose around buttocks and thighs
Little lanugo (soft hair that covers body) or vernix caseosa (white cheesy subtance)
Nails are long and may be stained from meconium
Thick head of hair and looks alert

Question 18

What blood glucose reading in a neonat indicates hypoglycemia?

Answer 18

below 2.2 mmol/l

Question 19

S/S of hypoglycemia in a newborn?

Answer 19

Jitterness, poor muscle tone, sweating, resp. difficulty, low temp, poor suck, high pitch cry, lethary, seizsure.

Question 20

What is Meconium Aspiration Syndrome?

Answer 20

Fetus expels meconium into amniotic fluid; cord compression or other condition interupts fetal circulation; if asphyxia or adicosis occurs, fetus may have gasping movements that cause meconium-stained amniontic fluid to be drawn into lungs

Question 21

What is foremilk?

Answer 21

First milk the newborn obtains. It is watery and questions the newborns thirst.

Question 22

What is hindmilk?

Answer 22

Milk that has a higher fat content. Helps satisfy newborn hunger.

Question 23

What is Colostrum?

Answer 23

Rich in protective antibodies. Provides vitamins A & E, essential minerals, and has a laxative effect to eliminate meconium.

Question 24

When is APGAR assessed?

Answer 24

1 min

5 min

Question 25

How is the babys head measured?

Answer 25

In CM. Measured from bump on back of head (widest part of occiput) to brow bone.

Question 26

What is Ringers Lactate?

Answer 26

A solution full of electrolytes used after blood loss

Question 27

What does APGAR stand for?

Answer 27

A-activity (muscle tone)
P- pulse
G-grimace (reflex)
A- appearance (skin color)
R-respiratory

Question 28

When do you do your APGAR eval?

Answer 28

At 1 and 5 min after birth

Question 29

What is a new borns vital signs?

Answer 29

Pulse: 110-150
Resp: 30-60
BP: 80/64
Temp: 36.2-37.7

Question 30

What is the Moro Reflex?

Answer 30

Startle reflex; infant draws legs up and arms fan out and come toward midline

Question 31

What is Rooting Reflex?

Answer 31

infants head will turn in the direction of anything that touches the cheek

Question 32

What reflexes are a newborn born with?

Answer 32

blinking, sneezing, gagging, sucking and grasping

Question 33

How much sleep per day for neonates?

Answer 33

15-20 hours

Question 34

What is Acrocyanosis?

Answer 34

Peripheral blueness in the hands and feet as a result of poor circulation; normal and will resolve. Due to sluggish peripheral circulation. Do not use extremities to assess signs of adequate oxygenation.

Question 35

Where to test turgor on newborn?

Answer 35

Abdomen

Question 36

What does meconium consist of? What color?

Answer 36

Amniotic fluid, lanugo, and secretions from intestinal glands. Dark green-black, thick and tarry.