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cmpn 317 > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

1
Q

A to D for

A

analog input

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2
Q

D to A for

A

analog output

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3
Q

analog in

A

8 or 16

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4
Q

analog out

A

8

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5
Q

digital in

A

16

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6
Q

digital output

A

8

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7
Q

mixed module

A

4 analog in, 2 d in, 1 d out, 2 a out

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8
Q

AC to DC

A

bridge rectifier- 2 or 4 diodes

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9
Q

IED

A

intelligent electronic device

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10
Q

types of comm in scada

A

radio, ethernet, tcp/ip, cellular, serial

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11
Q

Dry Contact

A

power supplied from the terminal strip on the card.

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12
Q

Isolated

A

power supplied from an external power supply.

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13
Q

currently used power sources

A

dc battery, natural gas fuel cell, TEG: Thermoelectric Generator A device that converts heat into electricity, Solar Panels

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14
Q

UPS system

A

(Uninterruptible Power Supply) used in mission critical devices

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15
Q

surge protector

A

designed to protect electrical devices from voltage spikes

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16
Q

causes of leaks in a pipeline

A

Pipeline corrosion and wear,

Operation outside of design limits, Unintentional third party damage, Intentional damage

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17
Q

Failure to detect leaks can be broken into 4 loss categories

A

Loss of life and property
Loss of product and downtime to fix pipeline
Environmental impact
Fines and legal suits

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18
Q

methods used in detection of gas and/or oil leaks

A 
Physical inspection of the area
Add an odorant
Line flow calculations
Line pressure measurement
Noise detection
Pigging
Computer based
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19
Q

PIG

A

Pipeline Inspection Gauge

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20
Q

pigging Purposes

A

Utility pigs – clean the pipeline of debris or seal the pipeline
Cleaning – remove solids or semi-solid deposits
Inspecting
Monitoring
Batch separation

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21
Q

Which pipelines cannot be pigged?

A

pipelines with butterfly valve because valve size is smaller than pipe size.

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22
Q

types of pigs

A 
Steel 
Urethane
Urethane and neoprene
Spheres (foam, solid, inflatable)
Gel
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23
Q

aga 7

A

Measurement of gas by axial-flow turbine meters

24
Q

aga 3

A

measurement of gas by orifice metering

25
typical network configurations for wireless telemetry
Point-to-point | Point-to-multi-point
26
half-duplex
Advantages Data gathering is simple No collisions can occur on the network Link failure is easily detected Disadvantages Interrupt type request from a slave requesting immediate action cannot be handled Waiting time increases with the number of slaves All communication between slaves have to pass through the master with added complexity
27
Interrupt system (Report by Exception)
Advantages System reduces unnecessary transfer of data as in polled systems Quick detection of urgent status information Allows slave-to-slave communication Disadvantages Master may only detect a link failure after a period of time and only when system is polled Operator action is needed to have the latest values Collision of data may occur and may cause delay in the communication
28
Query and Response
The entity asking the questions (query) is the MTU and the entity providing the answers(response) is the RTU
29
Microwave
transmitting data over radio waves whose wavelengths are measured in small numbers of centimetre
30
UHF
Ultra high Frequency
31
VHF
Very High Frequency
32
scanning
process of sequentially reading the inputs, executing the program in memory, and updating the outputs 1 read 2 program execution 3 communication 4 output scan
33
SCAN TIME
time it takes to implement a scan cycle 1-200 ms
34
Selecting a PLC
``` Number of logical inputs and outputs. Memory Number of special I/O modules Scan Time Communications Software ```
35
Detailed Design Process
1. Understand the process 2. Hardware/software selection 3. Develop ladder logic 4. Determine scan times and memory requirements
36
Media Access Control
Generic term for a technique within a communication protocol that permits or denies access to the physical communication medium
37
HDLC
High-Level Data Link Control
38
SDLC
synchronous data link control
39
ADCCP
advanced data communication | control procedure
40
two most common modes of operation of HDLC
Unbalanced normal response mode (NRM) | Asynchronous balanced mode (ABM)
41
Causes of errors
* Attenuation * Limited bandwidth * Delay distortion * Noise
42
Max Transfer Rate (bps)
2 B log M where: B is the bandwidth in hertz M is the number of levels per signaling element.
43
Signal to Noise Ratio
10 log S/N dB
44
Distributed network protocol(DNP) layers
Datalink layer Transport layer Application layer
45
Internal noise
Thermal noise – due to electron movement through the circuit • Imperfections in circuit design • Stray signals from oscillators and amplifiers • Intermodulation of stray low level RF produced by internal circuits
46
External noise
Natural origins – electrostatic interference, electrical storms • Electromagnetic interference (EMI) • Radio frequency interference (RFI) • Crosstalk
47
Sources of interference and noise on cables
electrostatic (capacitive) | coupling, magnetic (inductive) coupling and resistive coupling.
48
Practical methods of reducing noise and interference on | cables
``` Shielding and twisting wires Cable spacing Tray spacing Earthing and grounding requirements Specific areas to focus on ```
49
Network topologies
Bus topology Star topology Ring topology
50
Media Access methods
Contention systems Token passing Ethernet
51
Contention systems
first-come-first-served
52
Network interconnection components
* Repeaters * Bridges * Routers * Gateways * Hubs * Switches
53
Radio Modems
Work in 400-900 MHz band
54
modbus & profibus
analog
55
foundation field bus
discrete
56
hart
analog + discrete

cmpn 317 (1 decks)

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