Final Flashcards
1
Q
This gland is not a specific
pheromone producer gland:
A
Rabbit’s face gland Correct: ✓ Gerbil’s umbilical gland ✓ Dog’s cicumanal gland ✓ Hamster’s hip gland
2
Q
Which is not a method for genetic quality control of lab animals?
A
Back gross breeding Correct: ✓ Skin transplantation ✓
SSLP (micro-satellite) ✓ Biomedical markers
3
Q
Drawback of preference tests:
A
Animals choose in the base of sort term conditions
4
Q
Which measurement is used to express energy requirement of laboratory animals?
A
Metabolic body weight
5
Q
Sentinels are:
A
Animals used to evaluate a group’s health status
6
Q
Which method would you use to get 1mL of blood from a rat?
A
Cardiac puncture
7
Q
You cannot buy this type of diet from a commercial supplier:
A
Chemically defined diet Correct: ✓ Commercial pellet ✓ Liquid diet ✓ Gel
8
Q
Not α2-agonist:
A
Tolmetine Correct: ✓ Xilazine ✓ Detomidine ✓ Romofidine
9
Q
Not inherited disease of rat:
A
Hypo-acidosis Correct: ✓ Deaf ✓ Diabetes ✓ Obesity
10
Q
The basic method of rodent phenotyping is to look for:
A
Chromosoma test
11
Q
Not part of refinement of animal experimentation:
A
Alternatives to animal use Correct: ✓ Genetic homogeneity ✓ Health status ✓ Proper defined diet
12
Q
Which animals are covered by 63/2010 EEC directive?
A
Vertebrates and Cephalipodes
13
Q
GLP not concerned about conditions under which laboratory:
A
Are build Correct: ✓ Studies are planned ✓ Research are preformed ✓ Studies are recorded and reported
14
Q
Which species can die after oral penicillin treatment>
A
Guinea pig
15
Q
One of them is an important mechanism of nutrigenomics:
A
Changing the signalling pathway
16
Q
Acute toxicity test has an invasiveness category of __ pain:
A
Severe
17
Q
Maintenance energy requirements of laboratory animals:
A
0.45MJ DE x W0.75
18
Q
This disease is not a zoonosis:
A
Ringtail Correct: ✓ Lymphatic choriomeningitis of mice ✓ Salmonellosis ✓ Listeriosis
19
Q
The recommended nutrient allowances:
A
Ensure the reproduction and longevity of the animals
20
Q
Cannot be stage of mouse genital and urinary syndrome:
A
Ulceration Correct: ✓ Bacteraemia ✓ Inflammation ✓ Mating overload
21
Q
Quarantine period not determined by:
A
Number of animals Correct: ✓ Health status of animals ✓ Species ✓ Purpose of use
22
Q
Which species has a tied skin, so cannot grab it without causing pain to the animal?
A
Guinea pig
23
Q
Not physical euthanasia method:
A
Maceration Correct: ✓ T61 ✓ Cervical dislocation ✓ Decapitation
24
Q
Which species is not a member of Rodentia genus?
A
Marmoset Correct: ✓ Golden hamster ✓ Gerbil ✓ Guinea pig
25
OECD do not deal questions about:
Validation of in vitro methods Correct:✓ GLP ✓ Co-ordination of toxicological databases ✓ Validation of national laws
26
Gerbil is a good model for:
Epilepsy aorta
27
The animal cannot be examined with ultrasound:
Golden hamster Correct: ✓ Rabbit ✓ Guinea pig ✓ Dog
28
Not true for chronic mycoplasmosis of mice:
Zoonosis Correct: ✓ Agent is Mycoplasma pulmonis ✓ 12-18 day old puppies are most disposed ✓ Can appear with Sendai virus
29
The closes species to Syrian hamster in taxonomy is:
Gerbil
30
Good species to use for auditory research:
Chinchilla
31
Breeding technique which is not used to maintain an out-bred stock:
Brother-sister mating Correct: ✓ Random breeding ✓ MAI ✓ Cross-breeding
32
A contaminated breeding colony (line) should be: (?)
Euthanized Put under negative pressure cabin Treated by antibiotics Individually marked
33
In reproductive toxicology, not acceptable treatment: (?)
Used only for parents before mating Between implantation and foetogenesis Between foetogenesis and parturition From parent before mating till separation from dam
34
It can be used for intra-dermal injection:
Mice ear
35
Pasteurella pneumotropica does not attack:
Brain
| Correct: ✓ Uterus ✓ Prostate ✓ Lung
36
Environmental enrichment should not be done:
Just for human fun Correct: ✓ For the benefit of the animals ✓ With the sense of animals ✓ With some unpredictability
37
How would you restrain a gerbil?
Hand around the chest
38
Who will decide on institute level if an animal experiment was necessary or not?
Ethical committee (Animal Welfare Body)
39
It is not a zoonosis:
Sendai virus disease Correct: ✓ Hantaan virus disease ✓ Salmonellosis ✓ Lymphocytic-ChorioMeningitis (LCM)
40
This female embryo in a rat will achieve breeding maturity (M=Month):
1M
41
The basic method of rodent sexing is to look for:
Ano-genital distance
42
The recommended nutrient allowances:
Ensure the optimum functioning of the animals
43
Maintenance energy requirements of laboratory animals and for extrapolation of dosage use:
W 0.75
44
The main body of Laboratory Animal Science of the World:
CLASS
45
The closest species to Syrian hamster in taxonomy is:
Gerbil
46
What ‘Environmental Enrichment’ means in laboratory?
To give bedding material or toys to experimental animal if possible
47
Feeding rancid feed and/or vitamin E deficient feed may cause:
Dermatitis
48
Zebradanio is:
Omnivore
49
It is an alternative use of animals in experiments:
Database search and meta-analysis
50
Sub-cutaneous injury has a severity category of __ pain:
Minor
51
Which 3 words called the 3 R s by Russel and Burch?
Reduction, Replacement, Refinement
52
It is not true about euthanasia: (?)
Can be used to get large amount of blood out of an animal Correct: ✓ Must be performed by researcher or other trained person ✓ Should be used if an animal would suffer in an experiment (this was marked as correct…) ✓ Should be planned in experimental protocol
53
What does ‘knock out animal’ mean:
Transgenic animal
54
Which method would you use to get a drop of blood from mice?
Retro-orbital puncture
55
Which name indicates an outbred stock? .
.lr:NMRI
56
You cannot use this method for euthanasia on rat:
Ketamine Correct: ✓ Decapitation ✓ Cervical dislocation with weight limit ✓ CO2
57
What is the best equipment to maintain a transgenic colony in? countries
Base colony in different
58
Which species has only provoked (stimulated) ovulation?
Ferret
59
What does the expression ‘inbred strain’ mean:
Brother-sister mating through at least 20 generation
60
Which species is the best in atherosclerosis research?
WHHL-rabbit Notes – Gerbil
61
You can find a ‘sacculus rotundus or ampulla ilei’ in the:
Rabbit
62
This gland is a specific pheromone producer gland:
Hamster’s lateral gland
63
Which species has a gallbladder?
Golden hamster
64
What does SPF mean?
Specific Pathogen Free
65
How would you restrain a rat for per-oral dosing?
By grabbing the skin on back and neck
66
Which sentence is not true about ‘Environmental Enrichment’?
Device in case that animal can control Correct: ✓ All possibilities should be done to improve animal’s well-being what the experiment allows ✓ Always should be evaluated on cross-benefit base ✓ A nest material is an example for that
67
Gnotobiotic (=Axenic) animals:
Germ free
68
What does rederivation mean?
Production of germ-free strain by embryo transfer
69
In the practice, it is not possible to produce germ-free colony from this species:
Duck Correct: ✓ Rat ✓ Golden hamster ✓ Rabbit
70
Which would be the best feeding regime in an experiment?
Ad libitum
71
What is well-being?
State of physiological and psychological harmony of the animal with its internal and external environment
72
Which vein can be used for IV injection on ferret?
Jugular vein
73
How would you restrain a rabbit?
By grabbing as much skin as possible on back
74
You cannot use this method for euthanasia on new-born, nest-living animals:
CO2 inhalation Correct: ✓ Cutting the neck ✓ Cervical dislocation ✓ Electric stunning
75
Which method would you use you get 10mL of blood from an adult rat?
Preparation of abdominal aorta
76
Which mouse strain is sensitive to Pneumocystis carini?
Swiss
77
Which is not necessary before transport of rodent?
Fasting Correct: ✓ Clinical examination ✓ Ear printing ✓ Acclimatisation
78
When this phenomenon disappears, the narcosis ends with death:
Cornea reflex
79
It is not true about euthanasia:
Should be cheap Correct: ✓ Should achieve rapid unconciseness and death ✓ Should be safe for user ✓ Should be simple to administer
80
One is not true about the co-isogenic strains:
It can only be maintained in a homozygous form Correct: ✓ The new gene is the product of natural maturation ✓ The name contains the strain/sub-strain and the symbol of the mutant gene ✓ The co-isogenic strain only differs by only one gene from the original one
81
Dog is not a good model for:
Cardiovascular atherosclerosis Correct: ✓ Tumour-cancer research ✓ Leptospirosis ✓ Epilepsy
82
Mini-pig has a live weight of:
20-45 kg
83
Experimental design cannot be:
Cross-breeding Correct: ✓ Cross-over design ✓ Latin square design ✓ Factorial design
84
The basal circadian rhythm is:
Dependent from the gen expression of a protein
85
Melatonin produced by:
Pineal gland
86
This species mostly used in viral respiratory research:
Ferrets
87
A chronic stress can cause this type of behaviour
Apathy/Aggression
88
Well-being cannot be measured by:
(more than one correct answer) Clinical assessment Physiological parameters Grimace score Reproductive state
89
Which environment is good for animals?
Classical music
90
Which tissue is the least sensitive to suffering?
Brain tissue
91
The naked mole rat has an extra=ordinary long life-span because of:
(multiple choice) Special hyaluronan which prevent cancer
92
The co-efficient on inbreeding (F):
(multiple choice) Means the fraction of the genes that get fixed in a homozygous state
93
Inherited disease of some mouse strains:
Deafness
94
Which is a member of Pox viridae?
Ectomelia virus
95
Ringtail is cause by:
Too low relative humidity
96
Not part of refinement of animal experimentation:
Hair colour Correct: ✓ Health status ✓ Analgesia ✓ Environmental enrichment
97
The hearing range of rodents:
0.5 / 1 - 100 / 120 kHz
98
Which species has one pair of teats?
Guinea pig
99
Which species has a 'peg' (double incissors) teeth?
Rabbit
100
Two important words for animals concerning the pain feeling (Weiss-trail):
Predictability and contractibility
101
Mouse pox:
cause by Ectomelia
102
It is not a physical euthanasia method:
Cooling in refrigerator Correct: ✓ T61 ✓ Cervical dislocation ✓ Decapacitation
103
The African clawed for (Xenopus):
Shows mating behaviour after Hcg injection
104
The axolotl is not:
Reaches adulthood after a complete metamorphosis Correct: ✓ Carnivorous ✓ Capable of regenerating lost limbs completely ✓ Has a ling lifespan (8-10 years)
105
Laboratory animals – except the guinea pig – usually adjust their feed intake to satisfy their:
Energy requirement
106
Which species can die after oral antibiotic treatment?
Guinea pig and rabbit
107
Role of PPAR is to:
Burn fats
108
One of the following has no anti-cancer effect:
Iron Correct: ✓ Resveratrol ✓ CLA ✓ Green tea
109
One of them is an important mechanism of epigenomics:
Methylation of DNA
110
Zebrafish has a life-span of __year:
6-8 3-5 years according to internet
111
One of them has no role in epigenomics:
Change of base in DNA Correct: ✓ Sulfurization ✓ DNA-methylation ✓ Histon acetylation
112
The role of __ is a fine regulation of the protein synthesis in the cell:
miRNA / siRNA
113
In some cases the epigenetic changes may be inherited:
If the effect(s) acts during the germ-cell proliferation (‘time window’)
114
You can find neoteny at:
Axolotl
115
Pheromones are detected by:
VNO
116
One is true about the ferret:
We can prevent the constant estrus by using GnRH agonist implants
117
The cephalopods:
Are under the protection of the 2010/63/EU Directive since 2013
118
Always consider using F1 hybrid because:
Neither
Neither their biological response is more variable than the parental strains nor their biological response is more uniform than the parental strains.
119
One of the statements is true:
Animals in an outbred stock are anisogenic
120
A chromorhnydachyrrhea:
Vitamin A deficiency
121
It can go through the uteral wall:
(2 right answers) Mouse mammary tumour LCM
122
Carbohydrate ingestion:
Stimulate the fatty acid synthase gene expression
123
May increase the mitochondria number:
Resveratrol
124
The most used model for drug metabolism study for humans:
Macaco
125
Describe the naked mole rat as an animal model.
- Have a gene which conserves collagen. - Do not age. - Do not get tumours. - Life-span of 20-30 years. - Complex social system and hierarchy. - Best model for aging and cancer studies
126
Explain the pain scoring system for Glires. Describe the evaluation of the Glires pain categories.
- 0 points = None - 1 point = Mild - 2 points = Moderate - 3 points = Severe - Based on appearance, behaviour, pulse, appetite/drinking, cardiovascular, digestive, and nervous systems. - 0-4 = Normal - 5-9 = Needs analgesia - 10-14 = Moderate pain, possible need to terminate trial - 15-20 = Not physiological, stop experiment!
127
Explain the epigenetics’ mechanism of action.
- Modifications e.g. Methylation, histone acetylation, which protect DNA and modify which genes are expressed or silenced. - Do not change the genome itself - May be inherited - Influenced by outside stimuli e.g. nutritional status
128
Give the meaning of the pyramid conception with examples. Shortly describe the pyramid conception, with examples. -
-Computer – Synthetize compounds - Bacteria – Test for teratogenicity - Cell culture – Eliminate harmful compounds - Invertebrates - Fish - Mammals - Non-human primates - Humans (can be more steps in between)
