Final Flashcards
Who was the father of motor behavior?
Franklin Henry
Which is NOT a subdisciplines of Motor Behavior?
motor performance
Which experimental design used in Motor Behavior research compares two or more groups exposed to different interventions but tests them using the same task?
between-group design
All of the following examine learning (rather than performance) EXCEPT
a test of accuracy immediately after practice for accuracy
Motor Behavior is a form of which of the following areas of knowledge
Social Sciences
Boys and girls are similar in motor skill performance during childhood EXCEPT in which of the following skills (in which the sex difference is substantial)?
throwing
Knowledge of results focuses on ____________, whereas knowledge of performance focuses on ___________.
outcome; process of movement
This time period is considered one of the greatest eras of interest in motor behavior.
World War II (1939-1945)
The type of performance experience engaged in for the express purpose of refining motor control function to improve skill is
practice
The focus of motor behavior research today includes
potential treatments of disease and injury, including Parkinson’s disease
The motor behavior theory that stated complex movements took more planning and processing time was the________________ theory
memory drum
Which of the following is most critical in helping students develop skills?
practice
While his players are working out, a coach notices a mistake in an athlete’s form. The coach tells the player what might work better and how to do it. What type of feedback is the coach giving the player?
extrinsic
Practicing a skill is most likely to bring about which of the following?
learning
After Tommy slid into home plate, he heard the umpire yell, “Safe!” What type of knowledge was expressed by the umpire?
knowledge of results (KR) and extrinsic feedback
A coach tells a player the correct way to inbound a basketball from the sideline; at the same time the coach is demonstrating how to throw the ball inbound in a gamelike situation. What is taking place?
extrinsic feedback and observational learning
What is the best way to set goals to achieve the best results?
set a goal that requires moderate effort to achieve
Being able to perform a skill after a period of no practice is?
retention
Which of the following would be a continuous movement?
running
The motor learning theory that suggests movement is more automated and depends less motor memory is the ____________ theory.
dynamical systems
Which of the following individuals studied “social facilitation” in sport the late 1800s?
Norman Triplett
Research on the effects of exercise participation on personality has shown that
exercise increases self-confidence
The optimal arousal level for an individual’s performance is
moderate and differs according to situational demands of various activities
Group cohesion is facilitated by
a positive identity related to group membership
One of the most commonly used personality tests is known as the
Myers-Briggs Assessment
A common form of assessment scale used in psychology testing is known as a ____________ scale
Likert
The stage of readiness for change when the individual is not considering changing the behavior is
precontemplation
What differentiates sport psychologists from exercise psychologists?
performance versus health
What is the state of bodily energy or physical and mental readiness?
arousal
What do sport psychology and exercise psychology (disciplines of kinesiology) focus on?
the study of human thought, emotion, and physical activity
What are the ABCs of sport psychology?
affect, behavior, cognitions
Which happens first in a person who becomes burned out?
feeling of mental, emotional, and physical exhaustion
Who was the first to devote a significant portion of his or her career to sport psychology?
Coleman Griffith
Which of the following is NOT a goal of sport and exercise psychology?
to predict the long-term outcome of the participant in continuing an exercise program
Which of the following is true about the research on personality and sport and personality in exercise
Personality type has no effect on sport or exercise participation
Personality type has no effect on sport or exercise participation
none of the above: autonomy, competence, mindfulness
“My parents want me to play,” is an example of _____________.
controlled extrinsic motivation
Intervention techniques such as _________, _________, and _________ are used in mental skills training.
relaxation training; arousal; goal setting
Increased arousal brought on by the stress and pressure that makes an individual too self-focused is referred to as _________.
choking
The type of psychology research that analyzes written work such as activity journals is ______________ research
content analysis
Biomechanists typically work in all of the following settings EXCEPT
a nutrition facility that targets women
A golf ball stays on the tee until the golf club hits it. Which of the following principles best describes why this occurs?
Newton’s law of inertia
Which of the following are the most common forces acting on a human performer?
friction, gravity, ground reaction forces, air or water resistance
What was the discipline of biomechanics called in the past?
kinesiology
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a concept studied in biomechanics?
body mass index (BMI)
____________________ biomechanics focuses on describing movement with an emphasis on muscle involvement
Qualitative
Specialists who apply their knowledge in working environments, and in training programs in the workplace are called
ergonomists
What is the study of the function of human beings using the principles and methods of physics and engineering?
biomechanics
When an athlete is running across a field, _________ allow(s) for the person to be propelled forward. (The runner pushes down on the ground, and the ground pushes the person in the opposite direction.)
ground reaction forces
An important skill for a physical activity specialist, __________, or allied health rehabilitative specialist is to be able to choose the relevant mechanical principles that apply to the movement of interest or to a phenomenon occurring inside the body
biomechanist
Professional scouts are timing a football player running a 40-yard dash to determine how his speed compares to other players they are considering for their team. What type of analysis are the scouts using?
quantitative analysis
The two branches of mechanics emphasized the most in biomechanics are
rigid body mechanics and fluid mechanics
If a tennis player’s arm muscles are weak and unable to produce enough force with one hand to accelerate the ball sufficiently, he can create more total force by hitting with two hands. Which of the following principles best describes why this occurs?
Newton’s law of acceleration
The area of biomechanics that examines why an accident at work may have occurred is __________biomechanics
forensic
The area of biomechanics that studies the electrical activity in contracting muscle is
electromyography
________________ identified basic human locomotor patterns at the University of Wisconsin in the 1920’s.
Ruth Glasso
Motion analysis where that involves taking a video of a movement and then tracking specific body landmarks is________________.
digitizing
Biomechanics includes which of the following disciplines?
mechanics, physics, and anatomy
Designing a helmet for a competitive cyclist that will reduce wind resistance is an example of using ___________
fluid mechanics
Running a 100 meter dash is an example of ____________kinematics.
linear
Exercise physiology is the study of
acute and chronic bodily responses to physical activity
This kinesiologist was one of the first to contribute to the field of exercise physiology by starting the Harvard Fatigue Lab was.
D.B. Dill
The most common way to assess muscular strength is
1RM
When body temperature rises during physical activity, which thermoregulatory response is stimulated?
vasodilation of skin blood vessels and then sweating
What nutrient makes up 55 to 60 percent of the human body?
water
All of the following are considered characteristics of health-related physical fitness EXCEPT
biochemistry
What type of muscle fiber uses aerobic energy systems almost exclusively?
slow-twitch fibers
The training principle that states the training intensity must be greater than normally experienced.
Progressive Overload
People in the United States are commonly deficient in this nutrient, which can result in a decrease in fitness due to reduced oxygen-carrying capabilities.
iron
The most common method for determining body composition in humans is the skinfold thickness technique.
Skinfold measures
What type of exercise establishes tension in the muscle without changing length?
isometric
The recommended amount of weekly physical activity for improved health and decreased disease risk is
150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity activity
Running faster when you train for a marathon would be affecting which component of fitness?
intensity
A 1996 government publication that played an important part in describing the relationship between physical activity and health was called
Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General
Where was the first exercise physiology laboratory in the United States established?
Harvard University
Which of the following statements best describes the physical activity patterns of most people?
They are much less physically active than is required to maintain good health.
A lower resting heart rate as a result of aerobic training is an example of a _________ change with regard to exercise
chronic
Treadmills, cycles, and swimming flumes are used to estimate VO2max. What are these devices called?
ergometers
What statement is NOT true regarding the physiology of physical activity?
Exercise physiology applies the principles of biology, chemistry, and physics.
A muscle’s ability to exert force repeatedly over a prolonged period is known as
muscular endurance
A coach knows which key opens the door to the equipment room, what time the custodians arrive at work, and which company offers the best bus service for her team’s travel. This is an example of
workplace knowledge
Sometimes professionals working in an institution do not have as much freedom as private practitioners have in evaluating and initiating the course of action that should be taken when dealing with clients. This is an example of
loss of professional autonomy
A professional who operates according to the philosophy that “healthy people and a good society first, me and my profession second” demonstrates what might be called
social trustee, civic professionalism
Which of the following is NOT true of kinesiology theory?
is always directly applicable to professional practice
Knowledge of translating theory into professional practice is called
professional practice knowledge
The ethical conduct of professionals is governed by
professional organizations
If you would like to become a physical activity professional, but you suffer from stage fright and hate to speak in front of groups, as a student your best option is to
consider taking classes in public speaking so that you can master your fear
What would be the best way to identify with a profession?
joining a professional organization
Kinesiology and its spheres of professional practice are considered part of the helping professions.
true
Generally, all professions require the same set of behaviors from their members, including acceptable dress, codes of conduct, and language and terminology.
false
Which of the following questions should you ask yourself before deciding on a career that involves physical activity?
all of the above
Course work in biomechanics, sport psychology, and motor development is included in undergraduate programs as part of the theoretical knowledge of kinesiology.
true
What kind of knowledge does NOT form the foundation of professional expertise?
self-efficacy
Who is MOST likely to adhere to principles of mechanical, market-driven professionalism?
coach
Which of the following is NOT a factor in preparing to be the best professional possible?
signing the most lucrative contract you can upon graduation
Which of the following are professional skills necessary to be successful as a physical activity professionsl?
all of the above
- interpersonal skills
- perceptual skills
- cognitive skills
Physical activity professionals must always be licensed to provide their services to their clients.
false
Which of the following statements IS NOT true about internships?
They typically occur on campus.
All of the following are examples of course taken as part of the “liberal arts” aspect of a Kinesiology degree?
Foundations of Kinesiology
Which of the following professions DO NOT require a license to practice the professions?
personal trainer
Which of the following forms of exercise would be considered habilitative?
training a firefighter to run while carrying a heavy weight
This system may be used by therapeutic specialists for habilitative and rehabilitative practice.
International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF)
Who would help injured or ill individuals reach their maximum level of independence by emphasizing the acquisition and retention of functional skills and helping them to overcome environmental obstacles?
occupational therapist
Social, economic, and other factors can often prohibit patients from traveling regularly to a(n) __________ facility for treatment.
outpatient
Which one of the following IS not a therapeutic exercise program?
All of the above are therapeutic exercise programs.
physical therapy after a car wreck
cardiac rehabilitation at a hospital.
occupational therapy at a retirement home.
An athletic trainer is a
health care professional
What therapeutic exercise profession is thought by many to be synonymous with sports medicine (though it is actually an incorrect assumption)?
athletic training
Which of the following is NOT an example of a clinical setting
YMCAs
Professionals who help sick and injured patients regain the physical skills for performing ADLs and IADLs are
occupational and physical therapists
What is the major difference between rehabilitative and habilitative therapeutic exercise?
restoring versus equipping
This professional works with clients to maximize physical performance, reduce the frequency of injury, and decrease the possibility of cardiovascular disease by designing programs for the specific needs of individuals (sport and activity specific).
strength and conditioning specialist
Which of the following best describes the role of a sport physical therapist
treatment of an athletic population suffering from injuries as the result of competition
Which of the following professions would most likely be involved in patient home care?
physical therapist
This professional works with clients with physical disability or impaired mental function to restore, remediate, or rehabilitate their function and independence. They also focus on social integration for their clients.
therapeutic recreation specialist
A strength and conditioning coach could work in all of the following primary settings EXCEPT
hospitals
Which of the following is an example of a person in need of habilitative therapeutic exercise?
a 34-year-old man weighing 270 pounds who is unable to function daily without fatigue
If you wanted to be a physical therapist who mainly worked with conditions related to aging or other problems associated with older members of the population, what would you most likely choose to specialize in?
geriatrics
Occupational therapists assist people with physical, emotional, or mental disabilities to restore or ______ as much ______ as possible in daily living and work.
maintain; independence
________________ is becoming a common practice of raising clients’ level of function before surgery to assist with their recovery and limit their decline from normal function after the surgery.
Prehabilitation
What is rehabilitative exercise?
restoring lost function
In general, employers have found that health and fitness programs
decrease absenteeism
Hospitals and outpatient medical facilities are examples of what kind of work setting in health and fitness?
clinical setting
According to ACSM’s risk stratification, a 35-year- old male with no cardiovascular risk factors would be classified as
low risk
A Yoga instructor would be best classified as which one of the following health-fitness professionals?
group exercise leader
To maximize your educational experience while in college, you should
select a broad spectrum of elective courses in your degree program to help prepare you for your chosen profession
In the early 1980s, what percentage of employers offered worksite health and fitness programs?
less than 5 percent
A fitness facility that only offers annual memberships would be classified as a ________________ facility
sales-based
Which of the following is(are) characteristics of a Personal Trainer?
all of the above
- they work one-on-one with clients
- they are typically self-employed
- they usually work with an apparently healthy population
Facilities like the YMCA and parks and recreation departments are associated with what kind of setting?
community setting
Which of the following is a component of the multidimensional model of wellness?
emotional
Traditionally, health and fitness professional activities have taken place in what four settings?
worksite, commercial, clinical, community
Which of the following is(are) a physical activity objective of Healthy People 2020?
all of the above
- increase worksite health promotion programs
- reduce no leisure-time physical activity
- increase resistance training overall for all adults
Which of the following represents a for-profit organization?
Gold’s Gym
Personal trainers and fitness instructors are examples of what professional area of physical activity?
health and fitness
All of the following organizations provide accredited health and fitness certification opportunities EXCEPT
North American Society of Kinesiology
Terrell wants to become a health and fitness director. Which types of qualifications, beyond his kinesiology degree, would best prepare him to achieve his goal?
education in business, administration, and management
Which statement is true about the current state of the health and fitness professions?
The professions take a multifaceted view of health and fitness that includes physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions
The leading cause of death in the U.S. today is _____________.
heart disease
What statement is NOT true about public health-oriented careers?
Public health doesn’t have a strong evidence base as a discipline.
The USDHHs Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend ________ minutes of daily physical activity for young children and teenagers.
60
