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Boilers > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Horizontal lines appearing in the graph denote

A

Latent heat transfer

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2
Q

Vertical lines appearing in the graph denote

A

Pure transfer of heat energy with zero loss

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3
Q

Enthalpy may be best described as

A

Total energy of a substance from its mass and flow

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4
Q

Each “bump” to the left of the curve represents

A

Some form of regenerative heating of liquid

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5
Q

Beginning at the point where the substance is at its coldest, the sequence of events in a typical Rankine steam cycle is

A

Recovery Feed Generation Expansion

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6
Q

A process by which transfer is 100% reversible with absolutely no loss of energy from the system is known as

A

Isentropic

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7
Q

On a typical 900# steam plant at full sea speed, the de-aerating feed tank commonly gets its steam from the

A

Auxilliary Exhaust

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8
Q

Which of the following statements concerning the typical shipboard auziliary exhaust system is false?

A

The system pressure is largely unregulated except for the steam supply directly off the boilers

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9
Q

What device accounts for the larges single loss of efficiency in any Rankine steam cycle

A

Condenser

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10
Q

What is the primary limitation to achieving higher superheat temp for a given steam plant?

A

Metallurgy

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11
Q

While they are possible and do exist, which of the following is less commonly found on marine propulsion steam plants?

A

Reheater boilers

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12
Q

The bump between points 7 & 1 on Fig. 2 probably represent the effect of the

A

Feedwater de-aerator tank

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13
Q

“Condensate depression” refers to what thermodynamic condition?

A

Excess sub cooling of recovered condensate below designed temperature

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14
Q

Name four ways by which overall steam plant efficiency may be increased

A

?

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15
Q

The device marked “B” is a

A

Baffle Plate

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16
Q

The parameter typically measured for control of a shipboard make-up feed regulator is

A

level lower than a predetermined value in the de-aerating feed tank

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17
Q

Attemporation of a typical marine super heater is accomplished by the means of

A

A regulator on the outlet to the control desuperheater tube bundle

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18
Q

An “O-frame” type boiler is mostly commonly found in what sort of applications?

A

Shore side package boiler steam service

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19
Q

Standard marine superheaters are generally equipped with

A

Screen tubes to shield the superheater from radiant heat

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20
Q

All of the factory below affect separation of steam and wather within a typical steam drum except

A

superheater temperature

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21
Q

Steam-water mixtures enters the cyclone shown if figure 4 via

A

?

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22
Q

What is the primary device by which adequate flow through the typical marine superheater is ensured during normal operations

A

The auziliary desuperheater

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23
Q

What sequence below best describes the flow path of water and steam in a typical secional heater type boiler

A

Headers, generating tubes, steam drum, superheater

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24
Q

Economizers fitted to modern marine boilers perform which of the following functions?

A

Preheating of feedwater with exhaust stack gas before it enters the steam drum

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25
Q

The device marked “A” should be fitted with a ___ in order to ensure that only water is returned to the condensate system

A

Steam trap

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26
Q

The parameters that may be considered a good reflective indicator of overall boiler efficiency are

A

stach temp and economizer water outlet temp

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27
Q

Assume that the steam has formed in a boiler in which all of the steam stop valves are closed and the water level is held constant. When there is an increase in the temperature of the steam and water in the boiler, which of the following effects will occur?

A

The pressure will increase and the specific volume will decrease

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28
Q

When heating heavy fuel oil for use in main propulsion boilers aboard ship, the flash point may be exceeded only when

A

it is required for proper atomization

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29
Q

Calibration of a typical automated fuel oil regulation system is largely dependent upon

A

defined and constant pressure upstream of the fuel oil regulator valve

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30
Q

All of the factors below with regard to hot oil strainers are true except

A

containment shield or hood is unnecessary

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31
Q

Modern fuel oil temperature control devices are regulated to obtain desired viscosity rahter than a specific fuel oil temperature because

A

the relationship between temperature and viscosity varies with different fuels

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32
Q

What is the primary means by which fuel oils are heated in a typical steam propulsion plant fuel oil service system?

A

A contaminated steam generator and associated shell and tube heat exchangers

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33
Q

The reaction of nitrogen with oxygen molecules in a typical modern shipboard boiler furnace is mostly the result of

A

Nitrogen molecules in the air compining with oxygen molecules

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34
Q

in a closed feed and condensate system the drain from the second stage air ejector returns directly to the

A

atmospheirc drain tank

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35
Q

Skip

A

Skip

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36
Q

Skip

A

Skip

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37
Q

Some forms of Clayton Steam Generators utiliz a ____ for precise and repeatable control of fuel to the furnace

A

Quadrant cam and plunger assembly

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38
Q

Which statement listed represents a vital function of the main condenser?

A

The recovery of feed water for reuse

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38
Q

Which statement listed represents a vital function of the main condenser?

A

The recovery of feed water for reuse

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39
Q

Which of the following combustion products can result in the formations of precipitation with a pH higher than normal?

A

None of the above

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39
Q

Which of the following combustion products can result in the formations of precipitation with a pH higher than normal?

A

None of the above

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40
Q

Where might ot most likely find pressure guages and/or transmitters ina gaseous fuel service system at a commercial shore side plant?

A

All of the above

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40
Q

Where might ot most likely find pressure guages and/or transmitters ina gaseous fuel service system at a commercial shore side plant?

A

All of the above

41
Q

Normally, gaseous fuel vent solenoid lines are typically routed to

A

Atomosphere away from the burner assembly

41
Q

Normally, gaseous fuel vent solenoid lines are typically routed to

A

Atomosphere away from the burner assembly

42
Q

Which of the following statements concerning fuel oil supply system for propulsion plants is false?

A

Reactive vanadium compounds can cause excessive corrosion in boiler generating tubes

42
Q

Which of the following statements concerning fuel oil supply system for propulsion plants is false?

A

Reactive vanadium compounds can cause excessive corrosion in boiler generating tubes

43
Q

Proper mixing and combustion of uel oils in atypical boiler furnace is largely dependent on all of the following factors except

A

Fuel deliver pressure at the fuel header

43
Q

Proper mixing and combustion of uel oils in atypical boiler furnace is largely dependent on all of the following factors except

A

Fuel deliver pressure at the fuel header

44
Q

Rotary cup type atomizers are commonly used in which services?

A

Auxiliary boilers in a varitey of support and system applications

44
Q

Rotary cup type atomizers are commonly used in which services?

A

Auxiliary boilers in a varitey of support and system applications

45
Q

Flame impingement in refractory tube membrane walls and all other furnace components will have what effects?

A

Quenching the flame, producing high amounts of carbon monoxide

45
Q

Flame impingement in refractory tube membrane walls and all other furnace components will have what effects?

A

Quenching the flame, producing high amounts of carbon monoxide

46
Q

An oil with a high viscosity index might typically be described according to the following statement

A

Proportionately larger temp changes are required in order to effect a significant change in viscosity as compared to an oil of low index

46
Q

An oil with a high viscosity index might typically be described according to the following statement

A

Proportionately larger temp changes are required in order to effect a significant change in viscosity as compared to an oil of low index

47
Q

Return flow atomizers offers the operational advantage of

A

Higher turn-down ration than straigh-through atomizers on account of increased ease of control

47
Q

Return flow atomizers offers the operational advantage of

A

Higher turn-down ration than straigh-through atomizers on account of increased ease of control

48
Q

The air register design shon in Fig 8 is most likely

A

?

48
Q

The air register design shon in Fig 8 is most likely

A

?

49
Q

What is the primary means by which gaseous fuels are admitted to most burner registers

A

Drilled rings, manifold spuds and canes

49
Q

What is the primary means by which gaseous fuels are admitted to most burner registers

A

Drilled rings, manifold spuds and canes

50
Q

Parallel zone air registers often offer the following significan advvantages of traditional radial door pregisters

A

Good reductions in thermal NOx and los excess O2 in stack gasses

50
Q

Parallel zone air registers often offer the following significan advvantages of traditional radial door pregisters

A

Good reductions in thermal NOx and los excess O2 in stack gasses

51
Q

The air flow that facilitates combustion in the region of the oil burner tip and provides primary swirl turbulence right along the guide tube is the

A

Primary air flowing along the guide tube and through the diffuser

51
Q

The air flow that facilitates combustion in the region of the oil burner tip and provides primary swirl turbulence right along the guide tube is the

A

Primary air flowing along the guide tube and through the diffuser

52
Q

?

A

?

52
Q

?

A

?

53
Q

?

A

?

53
Q

?

A

?

54
Q

Fuel oil solenoids at the burner fronts should be of the manual reset type to

A

Prevent the furnace from filling with oil after power restoration

54
Q

Fuel oil solenoids at the burner fronts should be of the manual reset type to

A

Prevent the furnace from filling with oil after power restoration

55
Q

The variable capacity pressure atomizing fuel oil burner functions to

A

Provide a wide range of combustion

55
Q

The variable capacity pressure atomizing fuel oil burner functions to

A

Provide a wide range of combustion

56
Q

The process of breaking up fuel into fine particles ot ensure good combustion is called

A

Atomizing

56
Q

The process of breaking up fuel into fine particles ot ensure good combustion is called

A

Atomizing

57
Q

Boilers Rules:

A
  1. Don’t be an idiot
  2. Never add energy unless it has somewhere to go of your choice
  3. If you want steam, you need water
  4. Minimize delta T and P - don’t rush
  5. Always have a backup plan
  6. Never close DSH inlet on a operating boiler
  7. Never bottom blow when boiler is firing unless equipped with a continuous blowdown
58
Q

Clayton steam generators for creation of saturated steam under a variety of loads

A

Flash chamber and steam trap

59
Q

Sectonal boilers

A

no steam drum

60
Q

Oli fired are ___ circ

Waste hear are ____ circ

A

Natural

Foreced circ on comercial diesel vessels

61
Q

Standard A frame __ pressure steam output

A

Low

62
Q

Primary source of heat to a steam boiler

A

exhaust heat from one or more gas turbine generator units

63
Q

Benson type shore side

A

High pressure forced circ due to operating near critical point

64
Q

HP feed heater increased overall efficiency

A

using latent heat of steam to heat water to steam drum rather than sea water

65
Q

D-type boiler requires close

A

water chemistry maintenance

66
Q

All waste heat boilers are ____ circ

A

forced

67
Q

The primary steam supplied to a typical marine contaminated steam generator control regulator usually comes from

A

the live desuperheated steam via a reducing station

68
Q

At normal sea speed a typical 150# exhaust steam system recieves the bulk of its supply steam from

A

HP bleed on extraction point

69
Q

At normal sea speeds the 900# propulsion plant operates around

A

35 psi

70
Q

In a closed feed and condensate system the drain from the HP feed heater returns to

A

Deaerating feed tak or DC heater

71
Q

Typical modern day liquid fuel oil service is usually fitted with

A

Solenoid operated double automatic block valves with a bleed between them going back to the tank

72
Q

Difference between solenoid and actuator

A

Solenoid - open or closed

Actuator - variable

73
Q

Regulator is looking at ____

Pressure reducer is looking at _____

A

signal to change ouput

incoming and reduces

74
Q

Turndown Ratio

A

Max safe sustainable fuel flow /over/ minimum safe sustainable fuel flow

75
Q

Good indicator or efficiency for boiler

A

Stack temp and O2 content

76
Q

Discharge vane employed on forced draft fan

A

Mid to high range

77
Q

Parralell flow

A

solid biomass less flame adjustment

78
Q

Balanced draft combustion air schemes employed on shore side to

A

maintain constant controlled forced and induced

79
Q

Draft damper employed low to moderate range

A

inlet vane

80
Q

emissions least controlled by choice of air register design

A

oxides of sulfur

81
Q

Oil atomizes highest degree of flame shaping

A

ventur multi jet

82
Q

lowest practical excess O2

A

parallel

83
Q

Decrease boiler load

A

decrease fuel then decrease air

84
Q

Rotary cup used for

A

ship and shoreside aux and heating plants

85
Q

Passivation

A

makes the coating to prevent rust

86
Q

Single double and triple element control

A

level, steam flow, feed flow

87
Q

Feed water regulations

A

2 systems of measurement, 1 is a sight flass, and two indemendant pipes f
or feedwater into boiler

88
Q

Types of burners

A 
inline duct - HRSG
Circumfirential- flame shape, high turndowon
Axial/Radial - simple, rugged, old
Distributed - low NOx
Parallel - low O2 decent NOx
Scroll - biomass
Rotary cup - compact, simple

Boilers (1 decks)

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