FINAL Flashcards
what determines variables
the characteristics they measure
how do we describe varibales
based on levels of measurement
independent and dependent variables
between and within subject
active and assigned
levels of measurement
nominal
ordinal
interval
ratio
independent variables
masure manipulated my an experimenter to cause an effect
examples for independent manipulations
type of instruction
method of exercise
marketing strategy
…
dependent variable
measure of the effect of manipulating the independent variable
examples for dependent variable
reaction time
VO2 max
audience participation
revenue dollar
what kind of treatment do between subjects receive
one or another but not all treatments
what kind of tratment do within subjects receive
receive all treatments
what do active and assignemnt vaiables mean
how participants were selected
usually independent variables
active independent variables
experiemnter used random assignment to select participants
assigned independent variables
participant comes to experiment already processing the character
when should conditions be counterbalanced
when independent variable is repeated or within Ss
what do probability statements provide
descriptions about relative power, reproductibility, or repeatability
observe of probability is a chance
what does P
probability of finding a result by chance alone is less than 5 times in 100
we can repeat that result 95 times in 100
pearson correlation
correlation between two continous variables
spearman correlation
correlation between two ordinal variables
when can a t-test be applied
when research design has one independent varaible with 2 levels
types of t-test
independent means t-test
dependent means t-tests
what does ANOVA stand for
analysis of variance
what is ANOVA
test of difference
can be used when independent variable has more than 2 levels and more than one independent variable is manipulated
what is tested with t-tests and ANOVA
what effect an independent variables has ona dependent variable
types of variables
directional
null
alternative
directional hypotheses
most difficult to support
supported if p
null hypothesis
written to be rejected
can be rejected when findings fall in either direction
written with “no”
when can null hypothesis be rejected
when p.05
