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Subluxation -- Hagen > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 7 steps of the Patient Encounter?

A
  1. History
  2. Examination–> visualization, Posture, ROM, Leg check, Ortho-Neuro…
  3. Instrumentation
  4. Static and Motion Palpation
  5. Diagnostic Imaging if warrented
  6. Dx and Prognosis
  7. Treatment
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2
Q

How are Chiropractic X-rays taken?

A
  • weight bearing

- take A–P and analyzed from P-A

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3
Q

What is chiropractic analysis referred to as?

A

spinography

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4
Q

T/F. We see the subluxation on an xray

A

FALSE– we DO NOT see subluxation on x-ray

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5
Q

What does X-ray fall under for the VSC?

A
  • Kinesiopathology–> relative position

- Histopathology–> osteological changes

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6
Q

What does X-ray fall under for the PART system?

A

A- asymmetry/misalignment

R- range of motion

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7
Q

What can we gather for a lateral cervical view?

A

Occiput–> AS or PS

Atlas–> AS or AI

C2-C7–> P

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8
Q

What line goes through where occipital condyle meets the skull and where the occiput starts to curve up?

A

Foramen Magnum Line (FML)

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9
Q

What line goes from base of anterior tubercle through narrowest portion of posterior arch?

A

Atlas Plane Line

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10
Q

What are all the line marked on the Lateral Cervical film?

A 
FML
APL
OL
OPL
LL
BL
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11
Q

What line goes form top of odontoid (but not tip) to base of the dens?

A

Odontoid Line (OL)

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12
Q

What line goes perpendicular off the Odontoid line?

A

Odontoid perpendicular line (OPL)

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13
Q

What does it mean if the FML and the APL are diverging posteriorly?

A

Occiput is a PS

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14
Q

What does it mean if the FML and APL are diverging anteriolry?

A

AS occiput

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15
Q

What does it mean if the OPL and APL are diverging anteriorly?

A

AS atlas

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16
Q

What does it mean if the POL and APL are convering anteriorly?

A

AI atlas

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17
Q

If the C5 disc plane line crosses over the C6 line, what does this mean?

A

C5 gets a P listing

LL– C5
BL– C6

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18
Q

What do we do it multiple disc plane lines cross over another?

A

take the lowest one to cross and use that as LL

19
Q

What lines do we have on an AP Open Mouth film?

A

TCL
TAL
APL

20
Q

What listing can we get from an APOM film?

A

Occiput–> LS or RS
Occiput–> LA/LP or RA/RP
Atlas–> L or R and A or P
C2–> L or R

21
Q

What mine goes from where mastoid meets occiput on both sides?

A

Transvers Condylar Line (TCL)

22
Q

What line goes from where transverse processes of C1 meet the lateral masses?

A

Transverse Atlas Line

23
Q

What line goes from where center of pedicle shadows are for C2?

A

Axis Plane Line

24
Q

What are we measuring for Atlas rotation? What can be gathered from this?

A

width of lateral masses–> tells us which way Atlas has rotated–> A or P

therefore telling us which way Occiput rotated b/c it will be opposite to Atlas

25
Q

When measuring the width of lateral masses for Atlas, what can we gather if the left lateral mass has a higher number?

A

left side of atlas has gone anteriorly –> therefore right side of Occiput when posteriorly

26
Q

What does it mean if the TCL and the TAL diverge on the left?

A

LS occiput

27
Q

What does it mean if the TCL and the TAL diverge on the right?

A

RS occiput

28
Q

What does it mean if the TAL and AxPL diverge on the right?

A

R atlas

29
Q

What does it mean if the TAL and AxPL diverge on the left?

A

L atlas

30
Q

How do we gather if C2 is PL or PR on an APOM film?

A

measure distance from C2 laminar junction to it’s own superior lateral border

side it is shorter on means spinous rotation is that way

31
Q

how do we gather the segmental wedging for C2 on an APOM film?

A

compare AxPL to BL on C3

32
Q

What does it mean if the AxPL and the BL of C3 converge on the left?

A

I is to the left

S is to the right

33
Q

What do we asses on the AP cervical film?

A

all listing from Lateral Cervical film that had a “P” listing

34
Q

How do we find spinous rotation on the AP cervical film?

A

measure from uncinate process to spinous process

shorter measurement = side of spinous rotation

35
Q

How do we gather wedging on a AP cervical film?

A

compare LL and BL to another but going to uncinates and scrolling down out of disc space to mark line

side of convergence = I
side of divergence = S

36
Q

What info can we gather from a AP Lumbopelvic View?

A

Ilium: PI / AS
Ilium: IN / EX
Sacrum: P-R or P-L

37
Q

What lines must be labeled on a AP lumbopelvic view?

A

Femur Head Line (FHL)

Sacral Center Line (SCL)

38
Q

How do we know if we have a PI or AS ilium?

A

PI will have larger measurement from tip of iliac crest to inferior part of ischial tuberosity

AS will have the shorter measurement

39
Q

How do we know if we have an Ex or In ileum?

A

mark dot at S2 tubercle and dot at center of pubic symphysis and perpendicular to FHL, line up with S2 tubercle and mark line where ever it is at pubic symphysis

the side the line is compared to dot in pubic symphysis = Ex side

40
Q

What are the scripts of a film on the AP lumbopelvic film a measure of?

A

magnitude

41
Q

How do we double check our Ex and In?

A

measure width of iliums – lateral to more medial potion

wider = IN
narrowing = EX
42
Q

How do we measure for sacrum body rotation? What does the distance have to be in order to list sacrum?

A

Measure S2 tubercle to lateral part of sacrum

must be equal to or greater than 6 mm

side that is larger gets listed either as a P-L or P-R

43
Q

What if we have a measure of 68mm on the left side and 62mm on the right side of sacrum?

A

it gets listed b/c it is equal to or greater than 6mm–> and this is a P-L

Subluxation -- Hagen (4 decks)

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