Final Flashcards
What are the 7 steps of the Patient Encounter?
- History
- Examination–> visualization, Posture, ROM, Leg check, Ortho-Neuro…
- Instrumentation
- Static and Motion Palpation
- Diagnostic Imaging if warrented
- Dx and Prognosis
- Treatment
How are Chiropractic X-rays taken?
- weight bearing
- take A–P and analyzed from P-A
What is chiropractic analysis referred to as?
spinography
T/F. We see the subluxation on an xray
FALSE– we DO NOT see subluxation on x-ray
What does X-ray fall under for the VSC?
- Kinesiopathology–> relative position
- Histopathology–> osteological changes
What does X-ray fall under for the PART system?
A- asymmetry/misalignment
R- range of motion
What can we gather for a lateral cervical view?
Occiput–> AS or PS
Atlas–> AS or AI
C2-C7–> P
What line goes through where occipital condyle meets the skull and where the occiput starts to curve up?
Foramen Magnum Line (FML)
What line goes from base of anterior tubercle through narrowest portion of posterior arch?
Atlas Plane Line
What are all the line marked on the Lateral Cervical film?
FML APL OL OPL LL BL
What line goes form top of odontoid (but not tip) to base of the dens?
Odontoid Line (OL)
What line goes perpendicular off the Odontoid line?
Odontoid perpendicular line (OPL)
What does it mean if the FML and the APL are diverging posteriorly?
Occiput is a PS
What does it mean if the FML and APL are diverging anteriolry?
AS occiput
What does it mean if the OPL and APL are diverging anteriorly?
AS atlas
What does it mean if the POL and APL are convering anteriorly?
AI atlas
If the C5 disc plane line crosses over the C6 line, what does this mean?
C5 gets a P listing
LL– C5
BL– C6
What do we do it multiple disc plane lines cross over another?
take the lowest one to cross and use that as LL
What lines do we have on an AP Open Mouth film?
TCL
TAL
APL
What listing can we get from an APOM film?
Occiput–> LS or RS
Occiput–> LA/LP or RA/RP
Atlas–> L or R and A or P
C2–> L or R
What mine goes from where mastoid meets occiput on both sides?
Transvers Condylar Line (TCL)
What line goes from where transverse processes of C1 meet the lateral masses?
Transverse Atlas Line
What line goes from where center of pedicle shadows are for C2?
Axis Plane Line
What are we measuring for Atlas rotation? What can be gathered from this?
width of lateral masses–> tells us which way Atlas has rotated–> A or P
therefore telling us which way Occiput rotated b/c it will be opposite to Atlas
When measuring the width of lateral masses for Atlas, what can we gather if the left lateral mass has a higher number?
left side of atlas has gone anteriorly –> therefore right side of Occiput when posteriorly
What does it mean if the TCL and the TAL diverge on the left?
LS occiput
What does it mean if the TCL and the TAL diverge on the right?
RS occiput
What does it mean if the TAL and AxPL diverge on the right?
R atlas
What does it mean if the TAL and AxPL diverge on the left?
L atlas
How do we gather if C2 is PL or PR on an APOM film?
measure distance from C2 laminar junction to it’s own superior lateral border
side it is shorter on means spinous rotation is that way
how do we gather the segmental wedging for C2 on an APOM film?
compare AxPL to BL on C3
What does it mean if the AxPL and the BL of C3 converge on the left?
I is to the left
S is to the right
What do we asses on the AP cervical film?
all listing from Lateral Cervical film that had a “P” listing
How do we find spinous rotation on the AP cervical film?
measure from uncinate process to spinous process
shorter measurement = side of spinous rotation
How do we gather wedging on a AP cervical film?
compare LL and BL to another but going to uncinates and scrolling down out of disc space to mark line
side of convergence = I
side of divergence = S
What info can we gather from a AP Lumbopelvic View?
Ilium: PI / AS
Ilium: IN / EX
Sacrum: P-R or P-L
What lines must be labeled on a AP lumbopelvic view?
Femur Head Line (FHL)
Sacral Center Line (SCL)
How do we know if we have a PI or AS ilium?
PI will have larger measurement from tip of iliac crest to inferior part of ischial tuberosity
AS will have the shorter measurement
How do we know if we have an Ex or In ileum?
mark dot at S2 tubercle and dot at center of pubic symphysis and perpendicular to FHL, line up with S2 tubercle and mark line where ever it is at pubic symphysis
the side the line is compared to dot in pubic symphysis = Ex side
What are the scripts of a film on the AP lumbopelvic film a measure of?
magnitude
How do we double check our Ex and In?
measure width of iliums – lateral to more medial potion
wider = IN narrowing = EX
How do we measure for sacrum body rotation? What does the distance have to be in order to list sacrum?
Measure S2 tubercle to lateral part of sacrum
must be equal to or greater than 6 mm
side that is larger gets listed either as a P-L or P-R
What if we have a measure of 68mm on the left side and 62mm on the right side of sacrum?
it gets listed b/c it is equal to or greater than 6mm–> and this is a P-L
