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Criminal Investigation > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Anticipatory Warrant

A

One based upon prior knowledge or an affidavit showing probable causethat at some further time

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2
Q

Curtilage

A

portion of the residence that is not open to the public

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3
Q

Exclusionary Rule

A

esetablished that courts cannot accept evidence obtained by unreasonable searches and seizures

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4
Q

Good-Faith Doctrine

A

established that illegally obtained evidence may be admissible if the police were truly unaware they were violating the suspects fourth amendment rights

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5
Q

Inevitable Discovery Doctrine

A

established that if illegally obtained evidence would in all likelihood eventually have been discovered legally it may be used

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6
Q

Particularity Requirement

A

dictates that a search conducted with a warrant must be limited to the specific area and specific items named in the warrant

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7
Q

Terry Stop

A

detaining, questioning, and possible frisking of an individual based on the officers reasonable suspicion of that individuals involvement in criminal activity

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8
Q

Ballistics

A

the study of projectiles, from propulsion through flight to impact

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9
Q

Caliber

A

diameter of a weapons bore as measured between lands, as well as the size of the bullet intended for use with a specific weapon

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10
Q

Cast

A

the physical reproduction of an impression

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11
Q

Chain of Custody

A

documentation of what has happened to evidence from teh time it was discovered until it arrives in court

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12
Q

DNA Profiling

A

forensic analysis of blood, hair, saliva, etc. from almost any part of the body to ascertain a positive identity.

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13
Q

Individual Characteristics

A

features that distinguish one item from others of the same type

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14
Q

Integrity of Evidence

A

referring to the requirement that any item introduced in court mus be in the same condition as when it was found a the crime scene

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15
Q

Latent Fingerprints

A

print impressions transferred to a surface

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16
Q

Prima Facie Evidence

A

established by law

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17
Q

Probative Evidence

A

tends to prove guilt or innocence

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18
Q

Admission

A

statement containing some information concerning the elements of a crime but not quite a confession

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19
Q

Custodial Interogation

A

questioning by law enforcement officers after a person has been taken into custody

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20
Q

In Custody

A

that point at which an officer has decided a suspect is not free to leave

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21
Q

Interrogation

A

questioning people suspected of direct or indirect involvement in the crime being investigated

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22
Q

Testimonial Hearsay

A

prior testimony made as a result of police interrogation

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23
Q

De Facto Arrest

A

functional equivalent of an arrest

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24
Q

Entrapment

A

tricking someone into committing a crime that he or she would not normally commit

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25
Q

Fixed Surveillance

A

observing a location from a fixed location

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26
Q

Criminal Homicide

A

includes murder and manslaughter and is a felony

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27
Q

Excusable Homicide

A

unintentional, truly accidental killing of another person

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28
Q

First Degree Murder

A

premeditated killing of another person or killing someone while committing or attempting to commit a felony

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29
Q

Heat of Passion

A

Extremely volatile emotional condition

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30
Q

Hesitation Wounds

A

less severe cutting marks caused by an individuals attempts to build up nerve before making a fatal cutting wound

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31
Q

Homicide

A

killing of one person by another

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32
Q

Postmortem Lividity

A

dark blue or purple discoloration of the body where blood has drained to the lowest level after death

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33
Q

Rigor Mortis

A

stiffening of the joints of the body after death because of partial skeletal muscle contraction

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34
Q

Toxicology

A

study of poisons

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35
Q

Cadaveric Spasm

A

body spaz’s after death and has death grip

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36
Q

What are the 4 categories of death?

A

Natural
Accidental
Suicide
Homicide

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37
Q

Aggravated Assault

A

unlawful attack by one person on another to inflict severe bodily injury

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38
Q

Battery

A

actually hitting or striking someone

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39
Q

Simple Assault

A

intentionally causing another person to fear immediate bodily harm or death or intentionally inflicting or attempting to inflict bodily harm on another

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40
Q

Stalking

A

the willful commission of a series of acts that would cause a reasonable person to fear death or serious injury

41
Q

Date Rape

A

type of sexual assault where the victim knows the suspect

42
Q

Indecent Exposure

A

revealing ones genitals to another person to such an extent as to shock the others sense of decency

43
Q

Statutory Rape

A

sexual intercourse with a minor; with or without consent

44
Q

Voyeurism

A

the act of gaining sexual pleasure from watching others when they are naked or engaged in sexual activity

45
Q

Exploitation

A

taking unfair advantage of children or using them illegally

46
Q

Lewdness

A

touching a minor to arouse, appeal to or gratify the perpetrators sexual desires

47
Q

Neglect

A

failure to meet a childs basic needs

48
Q

Munchausen Syndrome

A

involves self induced injuries

49
Q

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

A

tragic condition that takes the lives of young victims and for which parents may become suspected of child abuse

50
Q

Robbery

A

felonious taking of anothers property either directly form the person or in teh persons presence using force or intimidation

51
Q

Stockholm Syndrome

A

psychological issue where hostages bear no ill feelings toward the hostage takers and fear the police more than their captors

52
Q

Ways to break into a safe

A 
Blowing A Safe
Burning A Safe
Chopping A Safe
Dragging A Safe
Peeling A Safe
Pulling A Safe
Punching A Safe
53
Q

Burglary

A

unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft

54
Q

Fence

A

go-between who receives stolen goods for resale

55
Q

Target Hardening

A

altering physical characteristics of a property to make it less attractive to criminals

56
Q

Verified Response Policy

A

procedure implemented by some law enforcement agencies whereby they will not respond to a burglary alarm unless criminal activity is first confirmed

57
Q

Locards Principle of Exchange

A

basic forensic theory that objects that come in contact with each other always transfer material, how ever minute, to each other

58
Q

Embezzlement

A

fraudulent appropriation of property by a person to whom it has been entrusted

59
Q

Flaggers

A

thieves who go around neighborhoods targeting mailboxes with their flags up

60
Q

Battered Woman Sydrome

A

The set of symptoms, injuries, and signs of mistreatment seen in a woman who has been repeatedly abused by a husband or other male figure.

61
Q

Dyer Act

A

made interstate transportation of a stolen motor vehicle a federal crime and allowed for federal assistance in prosecuting such cases

62
Q

Arson

A

malicious burning of a building or property

63
Q

Depth of Char

A

how deeply wood is burned

64
Q

Fire Triangle

A

Air, Fuel, and Heat

65
Q

Line of Demarcation

A

The boundary between charred and un-charred material

66
Q

Cybercrime

A

a criminal act that is carried out using cyber technology and that takes place in cyberspace

67
Q

Hacker

A

a computer buff

68
Q

Terrorism

A

unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, in furtherance of political or social objectives

69
Q

Homeland Security Agencies

A

Customs, TSA, Coast Guard, Secret Service, FEMA, ICE

70
Q

Adversary System

A

justice system used in the US

Prosecution v. Defense and neutral Judge

71
Q

Cross-Examination

A

questioning by the opposite side in a trial that attempts to assess the validity of testimony given under direct examination

72
Q

Direct Examination

A

initial questioning of a witness or defendant during a trial by the lawyer who is using the persons testimony to further their case

73
Q

Exceptionally Cleared

A

disposition of a case when circumstances outside the investigation result in no charges being filed

74
Q

Expert Witness

A

person who has had special raining, education or experience

75
Q

Rebuttal

A

testimony by a witness for the prosecution given to contradict the testimony presented by the defense

76
Q

The Well

A

area within the courtroom that is in front of the judge and between the judge and attorneys tables

77
Q

Witness Sequestration Rule

A

common practice of excluding witnesses from the courtroom during a trial to prevent one witness from hearing another witnesses testimony

78
Q

Criminalistics

A

specialists trained in recording, identifying, and interpreting the minute details of physical evidence

79
Q

Crime Mapping

A

focuses on hot spots where crimes occur

80
Q

Modus Operendi

A

refers to the motives and patterns behind a criminal

81
Q

Baseline Method

A

Establishes a straight line from one fixed point to another, from which measurements are taken at right angles

82
Q

Rectangular Coordination Method

A

uses two adjacent walls of a room as fixed points from which distances are measured at right angles from each wall

83
Q

Triangulation Method

A

uses straight line measurements from two fixed objects to the evidence to create a triangle with the evidence in the angle formed by the two straight lines

84
Q

Cross-Projection Sketch

A

presents the floor and walls of a room as though they were on the same surface

85
Q

Photographs should be taken in what order?

A

General Area, Specific Area, Specific Objects

86
Q

Fourth Amendment

A

forbids unreasonable searches and seizures

87
Q

The most important limitation on searches is…

A

they must be narrow in scope

88
Q

AFIS

A

Automated Fingerprint Identification System

89
Q

CODIS

A

Combined DNA Index System

90
Q

Basic types of equipment used to process a crime scene…..

A

camera, notebook, gloves, fingerprint brush, tape, magnifying glass

91
Q

At what point should an arrested individuals rights be told?

A

Before any questioning

92
Q

Confession

A

a statement about a crime and admitting to committing the crime

93
Q

Human Trafficking & Smuggling difference

A

The individuals freedom of choice

94
Q

CTR

A

Currency Transaction Report

95
Q

Ritualistic Crime

A

a crime committed with or during a ceremony

96
Q

IED

A

Improvised Explosive Device

97
Q

Elements of a Crime

A

specific conditions that must occur for an act to be called a specific kind of crime

98
Q

Circle of Violence

A

Tension Building
Acute Battering
Honeymoon

99
Q

Asset Forfeitures

A

allows law enforcement agencies to seize funds and property associated with criminal activity and effectively subjects criminals to 100 percent tax on their earnings

Criminal Investigation (1 decks)

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