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PCM IV > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

What are some shapes of skin lesions

A

Annular (ring like with central clearing), nummular (coin like - no central clearing)

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2
Q

What is acrochordons

A

Skin tags; fibroepithelial polyps; small skin colored or brown

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3
Q

What is lipodermatosclerosis

A

Inflammation of adipose blow skin secondary to chronic venous insufficiency; tender with erythema and hyperpigmentation - progresses to sclerosis

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4
Q

What is pityriasis rosea

A

Scaly pink or flesh colored herald lesion followed by eruption of discrete oval erythematous sccaly plaques and patches along skin cleavage lines; spares face palms and soles

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5
Q

What do illness scripts do

A

Allow for pattern recognition of epidemiological features, inform hx taking based on contextual patterns identified, enhance integration of new clinical knowledge with prior knowledge, improve diagnostic efficiency and accuracy

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6
Q

What is T vs Z score in DEXA

A

T score - diagnosis of osteoporosis

Z score - compare patients BMD to population of peers

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7
Q

Which bone tumor has a soap bubble appearance on XR

A

Giant cell

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8
Q

What is the progression of hematogenous osteomyelitis

A

Exudate within marrow -> increased intramedullary pressure -> extension of exudate into cortex -> rupture of periosteum -> interruption of periosteum blood supply -> necrosis -> sequestration

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9
Q

How does RA differ from arthralgia due to parvovirus B19

A

Latter- sx dont last more than 2 weeks, patient will present with fever

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10
Q

What is a complication of pagets

A

Increased risk of high output heart failure secondary to av shunts

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11
Q

What would you see on plain film for osteitis fibrosis cystica

A

Subperiosteal bone resorption at radial aspect of middle phalanges, tapering of distal clavicles, salt and pepper appearance of skull, bone cysts, brown tumors of the long bones

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12
Q

How do you treat pagets

A

Oral aledronate, vit D and calcium

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13
Q

What is the preferred imaging for bone mets

A

99Tc-MDP

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14
Q

What is the most common form of BCC

A

Nodular

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15
Q

Which kind of SCC are less aggressive

A

Those arising from actinic keratoses

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16
Q

What is the distribution of SCC

A

Scalp, backs of hands, superior surface of pinna *rarely find BCC here

17
Q

What is acral lentiginous melanoma

A

Most common in darkly pigmented individuals; occurs on palms and soles, mucosa, in nail beds

18
Q

What is erythroplasia of queyrat

A

Bowen dz of glans penis or vulva

19
Q

What is the normal rate of speech

A

> 100; <50 is abnormal

20
Q

What is Jamais vu

A

Eeriness; feeling like they’ve been there before; assoc with aphasia, amnesia, epilepsy

21
Q

What is circumferential thought

A

Patient goes through multiple related thoughts before answering a questions

22
Q

What is tangential thought process

A

Listens to question and begins discussing related thoughts but never answers

23
Q

What is circumlocution

A

Use of many words where fewer would do

24
Q

what are anti inflammatory foods

A

Olive oil, tomatoes, nuts, leafy greens, fatty fish (salmon and mackerel), fruit

25
Q

What increases after yoga session

A

Gamma aminobutyric acid in Brain

26
Q

What is the use of peppermint

A

Stops spasms; used for upset stomach, cramping, gas, bloating, heart palp (under nose), bug and ant repellent

27
Q

What is prolotherapy

A

Injection, repairs weak and painful joints; increases GF; indicated for MSK pain > 8 weeks

28
Q

What is wolfs law

A

Bone responds to stress by making new bone

29
Q

What is little league elbow

A

Medial apophysitis (childhood), medial epicondyle avulsion fracture (adolescence), medial collateral lig tear (young adult)

30
Q

What are the borders of the snuffbox

A

Medial: ex pollicis longus
Lateral: ext pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis longus
Proximal: radial stolid process

31
Q

What are the inflammation sites of dequarvain

A

Tendon sheath, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis

32
Q

What are the diff fractures

A

Monteggia: proximal ulna with dislocation of radial head
Galeazzi: distal radius with dislocation of ulna
Nightstick: isolated fracture of midshaft of ulna

33
Q

What is the daily caloric expenditure for healthy kids

A
  • <10 kg: 100 kcal/kg
  • > 10 - 20 kg: 1000 kcal for first 10 kg + 50 kcal/kg
  • > 20-80: 1500 kcal for first 20 kg + 20 kcal/kg
  • > 80: 2700 kcal/day
34
Q

What is the holiday segar rule

A

Measures maintenance hourly fluid requirements:

  • <10 kg: 4mL/kg/hr; 100 mL/kg/day
  • 10-20: 40 mL + 2mL/kg for every kg>10 hourly; daily 1000 mL + 50mL/kg/day for every kg>10
  • > 20: 60mL + 1 mL/kg or every kg >20 kg hourly; daily 1500 + 20 mL/kg/day
35
Q

How much fluid is in a bolus for kids

A

10-20 cc

PCM IV (2 decks)

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