Final Flashcards
the hindbrain contains what
upper part of spinal cord
brainstem
cerebellum
Pathology: Subdural hematoma
craniotomy
What type of suture would be used for closure of the dura
Silk
imaging studies used to visualize the pinal cord are an MRI and
myelography
Gelfoam can be soaked in
Saline or topical thrombin
Where do most brain aneurysms occur?
Circle of willis
What diagnostic test measures electrical activity in the brain?
EEG electroencephalogram
A gigli saw is used during what procedure
Craniotomy
what instrument is used to excise the laminae over the herniated disc during a laminectomy?
Kerrison rongeur
What type of tables might be used for posterior spinal surgery?
Jackson or wilson table
What procedure is the surgical repair of a cranial defect?
Cranioplasty
The bones of the skull are connected by seams called
Suture lines
What are the two types of nerve impulses associated with the somatic nervous system?
Afferent –> carry impulses to the brain
Efferent –> Away from the brain
The nervous system is divided into what two systems?
CNS & PNS
A type of malignant brain tumor
glioma
a surgical procedure used most frequently to control intractable pain of terminal cancer is called
Cordotomy
what medication is used to prevent increased intracranial pressure and reduce edema
Mannitol
Definition: abnormal connection between veins and arteries in the brain causing hemorrhage
Arteriovenous malformation
What are the three main vessels that supply blood to the brain?
Carotids
Vertebral arteries
Basilar arteries
What category of bone makes up the skull?
Flat bones
What happens when the SNS is activated?
Increased heart rate
Increased blood flow
Raised sugar levels
DIlated pupils
What are the four suture lines?
Sigittal
squamos
coronal
lamboid
which operative procedure facilitates the draining of a subdural hematoma?
burr holes
What two systems is the autonomic broken into?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
Pathology: herniated disc, degenerative disc
ACDF (anterior cervical discectomy and fusion)
Three types of headrests used in neurosurgery?
Mayfield
Horshoe
Pin
What are the four bones of the skull?
frontal, occipital, temporal, parietal
instrument used for precise disection, irriguation, and aspiration of brain tumors
cusa
Pathology: Hydrocephalus
VP shunt
Pathology: Tennis elbow
cubital tunnel release
What is the most common sponge used in neuro
cottonoids
What procedure is performed to remove all or part of the pituitary gland and tumor?
Transphenoidal Hypophysectomy
What is the space between the dura mater and the arachnoid space?
subdural space
The PNS is divided into what two systems?
Somatic and autonomic
What makes up the diencephalon?
thalamus and hypothalamus
What are the three meninges?
Dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater
What is the largest part of the brain?
the forebrain
What self retaining retractor is used to maintain traction of brain tissue
Yasargil
The forebrain contains what
cerebraum
another name for ACDF
Cloward procedure
The system controlling the fight or flight response of the body is
sympathetic
What birth defect is caused by failure of the neural tube in the spine to close
Spina bifida
Nonmoveable joints that connect the bones of the skull are called
synarthrotic
What does the somatic system control?
Voluntary movement via skeletal muscles
Incomplete closure of the spine is
Spina bifida
procedure where nerve is freed from adhesions
neurolysis
Pathology: Lamina puts pressure on the nerve root and spinal cord
Lumbar laminectomy
What type of thermal hemostasis cannot be used in neuro
monopolar coagulation
Name of hemostatic scalp clips
Raney clips
Which ventricles are the lateral ventricles?
the first two
The three basic parts which divide the brain
forebrain
midbrain
hindbrain
What does the autonomic system control?
Involuntary movement like breathing, heartbeat, and digestion
What diagnostic procedure injects contrast medium into the subaracnoid space and xrays are taken?
myelography
Definition: removal of a section of the cranium. The bone flap is not replaced
Craniectomy
What is the most common pediatric skull deformity resulting from premature closure of the cranial suture lines?
Craniosynostosis
What is the circular connection of arteries that supplies blood to the brain?
Circle of Willis
What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?
calms you down after SNS has been activated
How many cervical vertebrae
7
the midbrain contains what
upper part of the brainstem
Procedure that uses a baloon instrument inserted between injured vertebra and infuses bone cement to repair certebra and restore height
kyphoplasty
How many ventricles are in the brain?
4
How many spinal vertebrae are there?
33
Definition: procedure to relieve pressure on the spinal nerve. Lamina is removed to relieve spinal stenosis and pressure on the nerves
Lumbar laminectomy and fusion
What procedure treats AV malformations
Embolization
in a laminectomy, disc fragments are removed with a
pituitary rongeur
a tumor arising from the covering of the brain is a
meningioma
