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Final Flashcards

1
Q

Presidential helicopter

A

Marine One

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2
Q

Presidential jet

A

Air Force One

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3
Q

Presidential Pullman railroad car

A

Ferdinand Magellan

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4
Q

Who was the first president to have his State of the Union address broadcast live over the Internet ?

A

Ronalde Regan

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5
Q

The _________ is the commander-in-chief of U.S. military forces

A

President

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6
Q

Presidents generally have a/an _______ time getting desired legislation through Congress during their second term than during their first term in office

A

Difficult

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7
Q

The president is required by the Constitution to give Congress information from time to time about the _________________

A

United State of Union

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8
Q

What was created as the result of the Brownlow report ?

A

E.O.P

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9
Q

How many cabinet offices are there today ?

A

15

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10
Q

What term means a written understanding with another tea dos state to carry out a particular action ?

A

Executive agreement

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11
Q

What is the ultimate check on the president ?

A

Impeachment

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12
Q

Who are the only two presidents to have been impeached ?

A

Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton

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13
Q

What is the primary duty of the president ?

A

Enforce the law

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14
Q

Which president failed to get the Senate to ratify the Treaty of Versailles ?

A

Woodrow Wilson

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15
Q

Who was the first president to use what is now known as Camp David ?

A

Dwight Eisenhower

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16
Q

By what name was Camp David originally known ?

A

Shangri-la

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17
Q

Who named Camp David in honor of his grandson ?

A

Dwight Eisenhower

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18
Q

What agency was originally created to stop counterfeiting but eventually became responsible for protecting the president ?

A

Secret Service

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19
Q

Which president created the National Security Council ?

A

Harry Truman

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20
Q

Who was the first president to die while in office ?

A

William Henry Harrison

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21
Q

Which amendment outlines the process for filling a vacancy in the vice presidency ?

A

Twenty-Fifth

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22
Q

Which amendment restricts the president to two terms ?

A

Twenty-Second

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23
Q

Who was the only president to resign ?

A

Richard Nixon

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24
Q

What group sought to remove Andrew Jackson from office ?

A

Radical Republicans

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25
Q

Who was appointed vice president when Spiro Agnew resigned from the office ?

A

Gerald Ford

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26
Q

Office of Communications introduced

A

Richard Nixon

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27
Q

Pendleton Act Passed

A

Chester Arthur

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28
Q

Spoils systems initiated

A

Andrew Jackson

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29
Q

West Wing added

A

Theodore Roosevelt

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30
Q

The Pendleton Act abolished the ________ system

A

Spoils

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31
Q

Most Department of Defense employees work at the _________

A

Pentagon

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32
Q

The Department of _________ oversees the nation’s food stamp program

A

USDA

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33
Q

What term means an administrative system in which agencies staffed largely by nonelected officials perform specific tasks in accordance with standard procedures ?

A

Bureaucracy

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34
Q

What was the precursor to the Office of Personnel Management ?

A

Civil service commission

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35
Q

Name one of the two factors that led to the development of the modern bureaucracy

A

World War II

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36
Q

Who sets the pay and job conditions for federal workers ?

A

Congress

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37
Q

Whose job is to channel information, represent constituents, aid in administration and communication planning, and serve as the official spokesman for the president ?

A

Press secretary

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38
Q

Which president created the Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives ?

A

George W Bush

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39
Q

What was the last cabinet-level position created ?

A

Department of Homeland Security

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40
Q

What were the four original cabinet departments ?

A

State department
Department of defense (war)
Department of justice
Department of the treasury

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41
Q

Under which branch of government doe most of the bureaucracy operate ?

A

Executive

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42
Q

Which part of the White House staff is responsible fro administration of staff salaries, allotment of staff positions, and parking places, among ,amy other things ?

A

Office of management and administrations

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43
Q

Regulations for hiring federal employees are set down by what ?

A

Pendleton Act

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44
Q

What established the Civil Service Commission ?

A

Pendleton Act

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45
Q

What act limited the political activities of government employees ?

A

Hatch Act

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46
Q

What is the name of the president’s frontline staff, usually composed of his close friends and supporters ?

A

White House Office

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47
Q

The U.S. Postal Service is an example of what type off agency ?

A

Government corporation

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48
Q

What was the first regulatory agency ?

A

Interstate Commerce Commission

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49
Q

What agency was created to generate, sell, and distribute electric power ?

A

Tennessee Valley Authority

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50
Q

What act allowed citizens access to formally closed-door meetings by requiring federal agencies to hold well-announced public hearings ?

A

Sunshine Act

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51
Q

Expansionism

A

1890-1910

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52
Q

Isolationism

A

1790-1890

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53
Q

Obligation

A

1940-91

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54
Q

Transition

A

1991-present

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55
Q

Vacillation

A

1910-40

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56
Q

_______________ warned the young United States about foreign involvements

A

Washington

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57
Q

What was one of the unintended consequences of Rosevelt’s “big stick” policy ?

A

Resentment of American Power

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58
Q

Name the five permanent members of the U.N. Security Council

A 
China
France
Russia
U.K. 
U.S.
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59
Q

What term is applied to a country that seeks to develop weapons of mass destruction; supplies, supports, or provides a safe heaven for terrorist organizations; disregards international law; violates human rights; and threatens regional or world security ?

A

Rogue nations

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60
Q

Wha term is used to describe American policy toward communism during the Cold War and led to combat in Korea and Vietnam ?

A

Containment

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61
Q

What term means U.S. government offices or residences that are located in foreign capitals ?

A

Embassies

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62
Q

Both presidential candidates in 1940 campaigned on the promise that

A

To keep our boys out of war

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63
Q

Which of the following is not one of the basic goals of U.S. foreign policy ?

A

Word domination

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64
Q

During the Cold War the United States worked vigorously to prevent the spread of

A

Communism

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65
Q

What secretary of state successfully persuaded the Arab nations to lift the oil embargo in the early 1970s ?

A

Henry Kissinger

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66
Q

Which U.S. president worked out the Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel ?

A

Jimmy Carter

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67
Q

Who negotiated the first treaty between Japan and A Western nation ?

A

Matthew Perry

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68
Q

Which is the oldest and most prestigious cabinet department ?

A

State

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69
Q

Who led the first diplomatic mission from the United States ?

A

Benjamin Franklin

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70
Q

Which two countries have used funds from the Agency for International Development to build themselves strong, independent economics ?

A

Taiwan ad South Korea

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71
Q

Which president established the United States as a police power in Latin America and sent the Great White Fleet around the world ?

A

Theodore Roosevelt

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72
Q

Who was the first female national security advisor ?

A

Condoleezza Rice

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73
Q

What was the U.S. plan to help rebuild Western Europe after World War II called ?

A

Marshall Plan

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74
Q

Who was president during the Cuban missile crisis ?

A

John Kennedy

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75
Q

Where did the United States perform peacekeeping missions in the 1990s ?

A

Somalia and the Balkans

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76
Q

What does the U.S. government established overseas to promote commercial contacts ?

A

Consulates

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77
Q

Which is the largest branch of the military ?

A

Army

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78
Q

Which branch of the military grew out of another branch and is now independent ?

A

Air force

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79
Q

Who is ultimately responsible for ratifying or rejecting treaties with foreign countries ?

A

The Senate

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80
Q

“[T]he Constitution … is not a static but rather a living document, and must be read in the context of an ever-changing world.”

A

Barack Obama

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81
Q

“[The Constitution] should mean exactly what it was intended to mean when it was adopted, nothing more, nothing less”

A

Antonio Scalia

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82
Q

“Upon these two foundations, the law of nature and the law of revelation, depend all human laws; that is to say, no, human laws should be suffered [allowed] to contradict these.”

A

William Blackstone

83
Q

What are prior authoritative court rulings upon which law is based ?

A

Precedent

84
Q

What tern means the revelation of God’s law through Scripture ?

A

Revealed law

85
Q

What term means conformity to God’s divine character asa revealed in the Bible ?

A

Justice

86
Q

To whom did English common law apply ?

A

Whole kingdom

87
Q

What is the name given to a judicial system that has both state courts sonf federal courts ?

A

Judicial federalism

88
Q

What term means the right of a court to hear a case first ?

A

Original jurisdiction

89
Q

In most states, what type of jury indicts, or charges, accused criminals ?

A

Grand jury

90
Q

In most states, what type of jury hears cases and decides their outcome ?

A

Petit jury

91
Q

When does the Supreme Court session begins ?

A

First Mon. of Oct.

92
Q

Who was responsible for the compilation of the Corpus Juris Civilis ?

A

Justinian

93
Q

What is the term for making judicial decisions based on previous rulings ?

A

State decisis

94
Q

When does the Supreme Court hears cases ?

A

All the way through late June or early July

95
Q

The Supreme Court ruled to protect pornography and adult entrainment as ________ in the case of Lawrence and Garner v Texas

A

Freedom of speech

96
Q

What is the most famous ancient collection of laws ?

A

Code of Hammurabi

97
Q

What is the first codification of Roman law called ?

A

Law of the Twelve Tables

98
Q

Who wrote the Commentaries on the Laws of England ?

A

William Blackstone

99
Q

What established the system of federal courts ?

A

The Judiciary Act of 1789

100
Q

Which chief justice brought strength and prestige to the Supreme Court ?

A

John Marshall

101
Q

How many justices sit on the U.S. Supreme Court Today ?

A

Nine

102
Q

Which Supreme Court cases gave the Court the power of judicial review ?

A

Marbury v Madison

103
Q

Which Supreme Court case ruled that it is illegal for states to tax federal agencies ?

A

McCulloch v Maryland

104
Q

Which Supreme Court case made abortion legal ?

A

Roe v Wade

105
Q

Which Supreme Court case decided the presidential election of 2000 ?

A

Bush v Gore

106
Q

Which Supreme Court case ruled segregation illegal in schools ?

A

Brown v Board of Education of Topeka

107
Q

Which Supreme Court case ruling requires that suspected criminals be informed of their legal rights ?

A

Miranda v Arizona

108
Q

Established the “clear and present danger test”limitation on free speech

A

Schenk v United States

109
Q

Forbade teacher-led prayers in public school

A

Engle v Vitale

110
Q

Established the threefold test for scrutinizing church-state relations

A

Lemon v Kurtzman

111
Q

Forbade the practice of polygamy

A

Reynolds v United States

112
Q

Ruled that flag burning is protected as symbolic speech

A

Texas v Johnson

113
Q

Ruled that attacks on public officials are protected speech unless they are made with “reckless disregard” for the truth

A

New York Times v Sullivan

114
Q

Upheld the Smith Act, which made it illegal to advocate the violent overthrow of the government

A

Dennis v United States

115
Q

Ruled that states are subject to the Second Amendment

A

McDonald v Chicago

116
Q

Upheld the right of individuals to possess firearms for self-defense in their homes

A

District of Columbia v Heller

117
Q

Ruled that the government does not necessarily have the right to pro restraint

A

New York Times Co v United States

118
Q

What term means speech that endangers national security ?

A

Sedition

119
Q

What term mean attempts to undermine the authority and existence of the government ?

A

Subversion

120
Q

On what grounds did the Nixon administration attempt to prevent the publication of the Pentagon Papers ?

A

National Security

121
Q

What rule was designed to prevent police from making illegal searches and seizures ?

A

Exclusionary rule

122
Q

In the Fifth Amendment, what term means the conducting of a fair and proper trial ?

A

Due Process

123
Q

What term means law criminalize activities that were not crimes when they were committed ?

A

Ex post facto laws

124
Q

Libel is any ________ communication that is malicious

A

Written

125
Q

Which Amendment was intended to protect the religious diversity of the states from the power of the national government ?

A

First Amendment

126
Q

Which Amendment protects Americans from self-incrimination ?

A

Fifth Amendment

127
Q

Which Supreme Court case ruled the evidence gathered illegally is inadmissible in court ?

A

Mapp v Ohio

128
Q

Which Supreme Court case determined that defendants must be advised of their constitutional rights upon arrest ?

A

Miranda v Arizona

129
Q

Which Supreme Court case ruled that segregation in schools was unconstitutional ?

A

Brown v Board of Education of Topeka

130
Q

Theodore Roosevelt

A

Progressive Party

131
Q

Storm Thurmond

A

States’ Rights Party

132
Q

George Wallace

A

American Independence Party

133
Q

Ralph Nader

A

Green Party

134
Q

Ross Perot

A

Reform Party

135
Q

What is another name for a minor party ?

A

Third party

136
Q

Which major party won more presidential elections between 1952 and 188 ?

A

Republican

137
Q

What are the smallest units of election districts and part6y administration ?

A

Precincts

138
Q

What is it called when a person votes for candidates from more than on party ?

A

Ticket splitting

139
Q

What label was given to people who defected from their usual party to vote fro Ronald Reagan in 1980 and 1984 ?

A

Reagan democrats

140
Q

What is the difference between nominating and presidential primaries ?

A

Nominating is the individual votes for the local, state, or government
Presidential is the individual votes for the individual in to the party system

141
Q

Why is a two-party system more beneficial than a multiparty system ?

A

Multiparty system has to many candidates

142
Q

What label is given to a person who defends the status quo against change in the political, social, and economic institutions of society ?

A

Conservative

143
Q

What term describes a spirit of two-party cooperation ?

A

Bipartisan

144
Q

Whats is it called when a candidate receives the largest number of votes (although that might not continue a majority) ?

A

Plurality

145
Q

Which Constitutional Amendment resulted from specific third-party issues ?

A

16th and 17th amendment

146
Q

Which of the following is not a party function ?

A

Maintaining tradition

147
Q

Which of the following is a reason for party formation ?

A

Tradition
Electoral system
Competition

148
Q

Which president introduced the “spoils system” in Washington, D.C. ?

A

Andrew Jackson

149
Q

What type of political system is most common among European democracies ?

A

Multiparty

150
Q

Which if the following is an example of an ideological party ?

A

Socialist Labor Party

151
Q

Which of the following is an example of a splinter party ?

A

Progressive (“Bull Moose”) Party

152
Q

Which amendment called for direct election of senators ?

A

Seventeenth

153
Q

What Democrat broke the Republican hold on the White House in 1932 ?

A

Franklin Roosevelt

154
Q

Which amendment limits the number of terms a president may be elected to serve ?

A

Twenty-second

155
Q

Abolished poll taxes

A

Twenty-fourth

156
Q

Gave voting rights to all male citizens regardless of race

A

Fifteenth

157
Q

Gave voting rights to eighteenth year-olds

A

Twenty-sixth

158
Q

Gave voting rights to woman

A

Nineteenth

159
Q

According to McCain-Feingold, contributions from foreign nationals and postal franking for congressional members seeking reelection are both

A

Banned

160
Q

What type of election is held to fill an elective office ?

A

General election

161
Q

What are the five methods of nominating candidates ?

A 
Petition 
Caucus 
Independent 
Announcement 
Write-in 
Convention
162
Q

Which state was the first to use the direct primary to nominate candidates ?

A

Wisconsin

163
Q

What term means a resident of a district represented by an elected official ?

A

Constituent

164
Q

What term refers to the ability of a top-ranking candidates to draw voters to choose other lower candidates of the same party ?

A

Coattail effect

165
Q

What term refers to the current office holder ?

A

Incubent

166
Q

What term means to vote for all candidates of a particular party ?

A

Straight ticket

167
Q

What term means a paid radio or television advertisement ?

A

Spot

168
Q

What is the location in a specific precinct where residents go to vote ?

A

Polling place

169
Q

Who became secretary of state under John Quincy Adams through what some people called a “corrupt bargain” ?

A

Henry Clay

170
Q

Who was the first person to be elected to a major office by write-in ballot ?

A

Strom Thurmond

171
Q

Who won the presidency although the only campaigning he did was from his home in Canton, Ohio ?

A

William McKinely

172
Q

What type of nomination method is widely used as the local level for municipal offices in small communities and nonpartisan schools posts ?

A

Petition

173
Q

What is another name for a blanket primary ?

A

Wide-open primary

174
Q

Who was the first Roman catholic president of the United States ?

A

John Kennedy

175
Q

Which Supreme Court case ruled that individuals may sound as much of their own money on their campaigns as they wish ?

A

Buckley v Valeo

176
Q

What is the primary in which voters must be registered as members of one party and must vote accordingly ?

A

Closed primary

177
Q

What is primary in which voters do not have to declare any party memberships ?

A

Open primary

178
Q

My opponent is a radical liberal

A

Name calling

179
Q

Jimmy Carter understands; he’s one of us”

A

Plain folks

180
Q

Everyone os voting for Ronald Reagan

A

Bandwagon

181
Q

Barbra Streisand supports Hillary Clinton

A

Testimonial

182
Q

Obviously, all the facts prove that my opponent haws never kept one promise

A

Card stacking

183
Q

I promise a kinder, gentler nation

A

Glittering generalities

184
Q

One party stands for the flag and the Statue of Liberty

A

Transfer

185
Q

Which Supreme Court case resulted in the ruling that falsehood is constitutionally protected unless a public figure can demonstrate that the source of the libel has acted in reckless disregard of the truth ?

A

New York times Co v Sullivan

186
Q

What term refers to the sum of government’s goals and actions made in response to public opinion ?

A

Public policy

187
Q

What label applies to someone who does not call himself a conservative or a liberal ?

A

Moderate

188
Q

List six factors that influence one’s opinion

A 
Family 
Peers
Media 
Christ 
Institution 
Events
189
Q

What term means a group of people who share the same opinions on a political issue and unite to influence government officials ?

A

Interest groups

190
Q

What term means “friend of the court” refers to a person who files briefs or testifies in an effort to influence the court’s decision ?

A

Amicus Curiae

191
Q

What term means that government cannot review and censor information before it is presented to the public (except during wartime) ?

A

Prior restraint

192
Q

_____________ is a public service network with the major goal of covering the House and Senate proceedings without editing, commentary, or analysis

A

C-Span

193
Q

What are those opinions held by private persons which government find it prudent to heed ?

A

Public opinion

194
Q

What is a nation’s management of its internal affairs called ?

A

Domestic policy

195
Q

What label is assigned to attitudes a policies that favor government intervention in national problems ?

A

Liberal

196
Q

What is another name for an “interest group” ?

A

Pressure group

197
Q

What was the first national newspaper in the United States ?

A

New York Tribune

198
Q

What are published false statements that injure someone’s reputation ?

A

Libel

199
Q

What is a country’s management of its international relationships ?

A

Foreign policy

200
Q

Which amendment guarantees freedom of the press ?

A

First Amendment

201
Q

Explain the role of each of the following in making foreign policy: the president, The White House, Congress and the media

A

The president is the center stage of making the policy
The White House offices goes through the different departments
Congress helped with making the policy
Media is great for the news and get public opinion

202
Q

Describes the difficulties of being president and what characteristics produce a great president

A

Must use his power wisely
Not to pay attention to public opinion
Must serve the people, courts, federal judge
Be able to enforce laws

203
Q

What term means a temporary alliance of several groups to form a majority to gain control of the government ?

A

Coalition

g📝 (12 decks)

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