Final Flashcards
What was John cages philosophy regarding sound?
Everything has a soul and it can be released by sound.
Sounds are to be experienced.
What are cages three strategies to achieve his philosophy regarding sound?
- Use of chance
- Use of interdependency
- Blurring boundaries between music, art, and life.
Where was John Cage from?
Los Angeles, Ca.
What does avant-garde mean?
Forward thinking
A prepared piano is
Inserted objects between the strings of the piano to create complex percussive sounds
What country is Penderecki from?
Poland
Which of the following best describes Penderecki’s avant-garde musical style?
Use of tonal clusters and unconventional techniques to create supernatural and creepy sounding music.
What historical event evoked the full title of Penderecki’s threnody?
The bombing of Hiroshima
Who inspired Penderecki to learn the violin?
His father
Which of the following is Not a film in which Penderecki’s music has been used?
It HAS been used in ready player one, the shining, and the exorcist.
What did Stockhausen study at the cologne university of music?
Music pedagogy, piano, musicology, philosophy, and Germanic.
Which great composer did Stockhausen study with?
Oliver Messiaen and Darius Milhaud
How was Stockhausen inspired by John Cage?
Inspired by his “open form” which is open to interpretation to how each person hears the music.
Serialism was a large principle in Stockhausens work. How did Stockhausen innovate electronic and serial music?
Added more events like instrumentation, pitch, melodic form, intensity, and time duration.
What level of organization was Stockhausen assumes using?
Geometric
T/F: Laurie Anderson originally studied biology at mills college in California.
True
Where would Anderson perform the violin as a teen?
Chicago youth symphony
What year did Laurie Anderson perform duets on ice?
1972
What was the name of Laurie Anderson’s performance piece performed by a symphony of car horns?
Automotive
T/F: Laurie Anderson’s work represents a synthesis between the concerns of the different mediums of music, visual art, and performance and reflects the changing nature of spectatorship at the end of the 20th century.
True
What was Henry Partchs musical advancement?
He combined the exploration of new instrumental sounds with a new approach to pith
What cultures inspired Harry Partch
Chinese, Japanese, Native American, African and rural American.
What was partchs 43 tone scale solely based on?
Intonation-which notes relate to each other through pure intervals from the harmonic series
What instrument did Partch make?
Modified guitars, marimbas, tuned cloud-chamber bowls, gourd tree, and large string instrument like the Ancient Greek Kithara.
What is Partchs largest work?
Oedipus
T/F: Philip glass was a lover of avant-garde music?
False
What did glass master in at juliiard?
Composition
Philip glasses first opera, “Einstein on the beach” is different from traditional operas in what way?
5 hours long with no breaks
Glass took music inspiration from what part of the world?
India
Glass’s music style would be considered as:
Minimalistic
What is Steve Reich’s clapping music?
Creating a phrasing effect in a piece of music that needed no instrument beyond the human body
Who were some of Steve Reich’s influencers?
Perotin, J.S. Bach, Debussy, Bartók, and Stravinsky,
Where was Steve Reich born and raised?
Born in NY and raised in California.
What was Steve Reich’s degree from Cornell university in?
B.A. in philosophy and minor in music.
What instrument did George crumb not okay?
Violin
T/F: George Crumb is dead
False
What instrument does The Ancient Voices of Children NOT ask to be played?
HAS: soprano, boy soprano, oboe, mandolin, harp, amplified piano, percussion.
T/F: George Crumb asked for his music to be played in conventional and unconventional ways.
True
What piece brought Sofia Gubaidulina to international prominence?
Violin concerto Offertorium
For whom did Gubaidulina compose offertorium?
Violinist Gideon Kremer
When Gubaidulina was told aaa young musician that she was on “the wrong path” who encouraged her…
Shostakovich
What was Gubaidulina’s inspiration in composing The Seven Last Words?
Based on the sayings of Jesus on the cross.
What musical technique did Gubaidulina use in Offertorium?
Klangfarbenmelodie
T/F: Peter Schickele grew up in Washington D.C. and Fargo, Nd.
True
T/F: Peter Schickele was the composer for Los Angeles High school
True
T/F: PDQ back was Schickele’s colleague and best friend.
False
Peter Schickele developed an instrument called the…
Tromboon
Peter Schickele was born in
Ames, Iowa.
At what age did John Adams begin composing?
10
Which university did John Adams study at?
Harvard
T/F: John Adams disliked John Cages experimentalism
False
Which opera of John Adams elicited the most controversy?
The Death if Kinghoffer
Who else in György, Legetis family survived the Holocaust?
Mother
Where was Ligeti born?
Transylvania
Who influenced Ligeti
John Cage, Bele Bartók, and Kodály.
Which opera did Ligeti compose?
Le Grand Macabre
Why was Ligeti arrested?
He was Jewish living in the Nazi regime.
Who did he study with?
Ferenc Farkas and Pál Kadosa.
What Stravinsky piece inspired Carter to be a Composer?
The rite of Spring.
T/F: Carter’s Cello Sonata was well received
False
What piece won Carter his first Pulitzer Prize?
String Quarter no. 2
T/F: Carter wrote over 150 Pieces
True
T/F: Bernstein was a major presence in Broadway and classical music.
True
What is Bernstein’s most successful broadway musical?
West side Story
What unusual styles did Bernstein incorporate into West side story?
Jazz, Afro-carribean dance music, Tim pan alley melodies.
How did Bernstein describe broadway
An American form of opera
T/F: west side story is a retelling of Romeo and Juliet.
True
Where was the conservatory of Arvo Part?
Tallinn
What JS Bach piece does Arvo Part quote in credo
Prelude in C
What is tintinnabulation?
One voice moves diatonically, and one voice is chord tones.
