Final Flashcards
Evolutionary Theory
Fitness indicators used to be relevant for our survival, now it’s consumption
Tragedy of the Commons
what is easiest for the individual is at odds with what is best for the community
Market Research
systematic process of planning, collecting, analyzing and interpreting data on consumer behavior
Exploratory Research
Focus Group, In-Depth Interviews, Projective Tests
Descriptive Research
Longitudinal Studies, Surveys
Causal Research
Experiments that determine causality
Aggregation Marketing
single product developed for all groups
Pros: economical
Cons: low customer satisfaction
Market Segmentation
divide mass market into subsets of consumers who have common needs/characteristics
Segmentation Benefits
To the organization:
- better product design
- increased customer satisfaction
- sustainable profit growth
To the customer:
- Saves time/is convenient
- Personalized experience
- Relevant offers
Top-Down Strategy
Identify needs of consumer, then segment the consumers and select the most efficient segment
Bottom-Up
select specific group, then identify their needs
Useful Segment Qualities
identifiable, substantial, accessible, stable, differentiable, actionable
Majority Fallacy
lot’s of people targeting the same segment=more competition=less effective
Niche Segmentation
go after smaller segment bc it will be larger than the segment you would have gotten after majority fallacy kicks in
Psychographics
lifestyle, personality, activities, interests
PRIZM Groupings
Social groupings based on urbanicity (urban, suburban, second city, town and rural)
Lifestage Groups
Younger years, Family life, Mature years
Individualized/One-to-One Marketing
marketing tailor made for each customer (e.g. fitness trainers, financial advisers)
6 Criteria of Brand Elements
Memorable, meaningful, likable, transferable, adaptable, protectable
Brand Product Identity
brand name, mark, logo and slogan
Brand Culture
the people that create the brand’s “story”
firm/marketers, influencers, pop culture customers
Brand Equity
set of assests that the brand brings to the table that adds/subtracts from the value of that product/service
Implicit Motivation Test
computer task that tells you whether you have a positive/negative reaction to certain things
Standardize
one brand across many different types of products
Diversify
one company owning several different brands with their own identity