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Occlusion FINAL > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

The goal of prosthodontic treatment is to _____

A

preserve what remains (support remaining teeth / provide substitute for missing teeth)

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2
Q

In prosthodontics, if there is something “good” it needs to be ____

A

preserved and worked with

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3
Q

Relationship of these 3 elements leads to proper estherics

A 
facial compositon (macro)
dentofacial composition (mini)
dental composition (micro)
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4
Q

Of esthetics..
micro -
mini -
maco -

A

micro - dental composition
mini - dentofacial composition
macro - facial composition

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5
Q

Esthetic harmony is ____

A

harmony depends on equilibrium between distractive elements

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6
Q

“frame and reference”
what 4 things can be used for the vertical reference lines?

What is “best”

A

bridge of nose
philtrum ** best
face midline
dental midline

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7
Q

Face midline should match the ____

A

maxillary and mandibular midline

**MAX = MORE IMPORTANT bc these show more

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8
Q

Dental midline: studies have shown that threshold for deviation is +___ and - ___

A

+2.2

-1.5

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9
Q

What is the golden proportion

A

1 : 1.618

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10
Q

In dentistry, is golden proportion optimal?

A

no

except for patients whose incisor length is increased after periodontal disease

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11
Q

Young dentition has (increased/decreased) embrasures

A

increased

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12
Q

Restorations with ___ embrasures are unattractive

A

decreased

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13
Q

Some patients demand reduced embrasures seeking ____

A

perfectly even incisal edge

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14
Q

Incisal angulation
____ agulation is acceptable
___ angulation is avoided

A

slight mesial angulation = acceptable

distal angulation = unacceptable

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15
Q

Define lip line.

How can it be categorized?

A

upper lip

categorized as high, moderate, low

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16
Q

Theoretical curved line drawn on maxillary anterior teeth edges that runs parallel to curvature of lower lip is called ____

A

smile line

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17
Q

Smile line is more pronounced in ___

A

women

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18
Q

What is the buccal corridor?

Do we want it or not want it?

A

dark triangles on side of lips

sign of beauty

no corridor = “mouth full of teeth”

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19
Q

Dominance primarily referes to ___

A

two central incisors

largest tooth that shows highest in value (brightest and stands out the most)

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20
Q

Embrasures

we look for consistency in these 3 categories

A

form
symmetry
progression

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21
Q

Dental morpholoy

what 3 subcategories

A

contact areas
embrasures
texture

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22
Q

Gingival morphology

what 3 subcategories

A

gingival tissue / facial factor
gingival health/contour
gingival zenith

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23
Q

___ process of developing INTER and INTRA-ARCH relationship to establish crown contours and occlusal schemes

A

diagnostic waxing

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24
Q

____ enables practitioner to establish optimal contour / occlusion of eventual proesthesis

A

diagnostic waxing

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25
Q

___ helps explain intended procedure to patient

A

diagnostic waxing

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26
Q

____ very important tool for construction of provisional restorations

A

diagnostic waxing

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27
Q

Emergence profile is the zone around ___

A

tooth below crest of curvature

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28
Q

Natural teeth all have ___ emergence profile in the ___

A

straight emergence profile in the gingival third

29
Q

Are emergence profiles convex or concave?

A

neither

straight

30
Q

When making crowns we need to honor the ___

A

emergence profile

31
Q

Implant fixtures integrate bone.

Does this ensure prosthodontic succes?

A

no

32
Q

What other factors (beside integration into the bone) help implants ensure prosthodontic success?

A

requires SOFT TISSUE COMPLEX in harmony with ADJACENT TEETH

33
Q

Implants

_____ line angle is the most important feature for anterior teeth

A

mesiobuccal line angle

34
Q

Describe the hierarchy of dental esthetics

A
  1. macro esthetics (facial)
  2. mini esthetics (dento-facial)
  3. micro esthetics (dental)
35
Q

The golden proportion is ___ for dental esthetics.

Why?

A

too strong

because it made the central incisors too dominant esthetically

36
Q

Describe the golden proportion in terms of an AB line divided by C

A

AB line divided by C

Larger part (AC) ratio to smaller part (CB) is same ratio as the whole (AB) to larger part (AC)

37
Q

Clinical recommendations for tooth proportions

central -
latera-
canine-

A

central = 0.75-0.78 width/height

lateral - 66% of central width

canine - 84% of lateral width

38
Q

Temoromandibular disorders are a common subgroup of ___

A

orofacial pain disorders

39
Q

What are the 2 basic groups of TMD

A

myogenous TMD = muscle related

Arthrogenious RMD = joint related

40
Q

6 cardinal criteria to be considered when diagnosing TMD

A
  1. pain
  2. limitation of function
  3. limitation of movement
  4. physical changes
  5. altered jaw relationships
  6. TMJ sounds that have increased intensity/frequency
41
Q

Etiology of TMD: TMD is a disease with ___

A

multifactorial etiology

42
Q

Normal function + event = ______

this leads to TMD symptoms

A

physiological tolerance

43
Q

Etiology factors of TMD can be categorized into what 3 groups?

A
  1. predisposing factors
  2. initiation factors
  3. perpetuating factors
44
Q

____ factors INCREASE the risk for TMD (systemic, occlusal, posterior tooth loss)

these are not themsleves cause of TMD

A

predisposing factors

45
Q

____ factors CAUSE TMD (trauma, parafunctional)

direct cause of TMD

A

initiation factors

46
Q

____ factors ENHANCE progression of TMD (behavioral, social, emotional stress)

these factors interfere with hearing

A

perpetuating factors

47
Q

Describe the occlusion condition as it relates to TMD

A

early in dentistry - convinced occlusion was most important factor in TMD

now - researchers thing it plays little/no role in TMD

no overwhelming evidence either way

48
Q

Trauma to the ____

This is the first thing to break because its’ the weakest part of the mandible

A

neck of the condyle

49
Q

Macro trauma is _____

A

any sudden force that can result in structural alterations

direct blow to face

50
Q

Micro trauma is ____

A

any small force that is repeated applied to structures over long period of time

(bruxism or clenching)

51
Q

How does increased emotional stress influence masticatory function?

A

Increase in muscle tonicity in head/neck region

Increased level of non-functional muscle activity

52
Q

Deep pain can produce a ____ (muscle response)

represents a normal, healthy manner in which the body responds to injury

A

co-contraction

53
Q

Use “tooth pain” as an example of “deep pain”

describe what co-contraction is created

A
  1. patient has tooth pain
  2. reflects on cheek
  3. causes patient to temporaily not open mouth fully
  4. clinician needs to recognoze that the lack of opening is from tooth ache (not only from TMD
54
Q

Parafunctional activities are ____ activities.

A

non-functional

55
Q

Are para-functional activities good or bad

A

bad

56
Q

What are the 2 types of parafunctional activities

A

diurnal activities

noctural activities

57
Q

Examples of diurnal activiites

Examples of noctural activities

Is the patient aware that they are doing this?

A

patient is not aware that they are doing this

diurnal activities - clenching, ginding, other oral habits (thumb sicking, finger biting, work related habits)

nocturnal - clenching, bruxism

58
Q

Orthopedic stability is when ___

A

When stable MI position of teeth is in harmony with musculoskeletal stable position of condyles in fossae

59
Q

When orthopedic stability exists, functional forces can be applied to teeth and joints without ___

A

tissue injury

60
Q

When orthopedic INSTABILITY occurs, condyles are maintained in musculoskeletal position by ___

While teeth are brought into contact ___

A

elevator muscles

teeth in contact at only 1 contact

= unstable occlusal position
= condyle is in stable joint position

61
Q

When does intracapsular disorder develop?

A

if condyles are not in stable position

62
Q

2 factors determine if an intracapsular disorder will develop ___

A
  1. degree of orthopedic instability

2. amount of loading

63
Q

Orthopedic instabilities with discrepancies of ___ are unlikely to be significant enough to create an intracapsular disorder

A

1-2mm

64
Q

Activities of masticatory system

____ and parafunctional

A

functional (chewing, eating, swallowing)

65
Q

SPLINT

  • removable or permanent?
  • what material?
  • fits over occlusal incisal surfaces of ____
  • creates a ___ occlusal contact
A

removable
hard acrylic
over occlusal/incisal surface of teeth of ONE ARCH
creates POSITIVE OCCLUSAL CONTACT with opposint arch

66
Q

Examples of splints

A

bite guard
night guard
interocclusal appliance
orthopedic appliance

67
Q

You must first identify the _____, then select an appliance

A

major contributing factors of TMD

68
Q

Occlusal appliances temporarily provide a ___

A

more orthopedically stable position

69
Q

What are the 6 types of occlusal appliances

A
  1. stabilization appliance
  2. anterior positioning appliance
  3. anterior bite plane
  4. posterior bite plane
  5. pivoting appliances
  6. soft (resilient) appliances

Occlusion FINAL (1 decks)

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