Final Flashcards
What is a society of perpetual growth?
A society that is constantly advancing and developing to make a profit.
What is capitalism?
An industry controlled by private owners for profit.
What is free floating desire?
Able to walk through a store with no expectations to make a purchase.
Consumer capitalism
The demand is manipulated. Societal pressures. Sellers are at an advantage.
Colonialism
The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country.
Imperialism
A policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
Black box of capitalism
Commodities are produced and consumed.
Money - Investments - Box - Profits - More Money
Discipline of labour
Time and control.
8 Reasons for Industrial Revolution
- Demand for goods
- Increase in the supply of capital
- Growth in population
- Expansion of agriculture
- Unique English culture or spirit
- State support for trade
- Ascendance of merchant class
- A revolution in consumption
The second great contraction
Happened in 2007 and it was the burst of the housing bubble in the USA.
Personal debt
When you owe money.
Nation state
A state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogenous
Nation
A large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language. They inhabit a particular country or territory.
State
A nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government.
Creating the other; importance to nation state
Effective way to construct a nation is to create some ‘other’ against whom members of the nation state can distinguish themselves.
G-20 protest Toronto
- June 2010
- Peaceful and not peaceful protestors
- 10,000 protestors
- 40 shops vandalized
- Over 1000 arrests
- 20 leaders
Media filters
- Concerned ownership
- Advertising
- “Expert” and official sources
- Flak, used by government to control media
- External enemy or threats
Globalization
The processes by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale
Plutocracy
A government ran by the wealthy
Trickle down economies
- Coined in 1980’s
- Fairness
- More money given to successful companies or investors, create more money for everyone - new products, new jobs
Paradise papers
A massive leak of documents from a tax law firm setting up tax structures in low and no-tax nations.
Crony capitalism
Political changes that benefit a group of well collected insiders but do not benefit the rest of us.
Illegal immigration
Illegal entry of a person across a country’s border.
Foreign temporary worker
- Mexican
- Bad/poor working conditions
- Canadians hire them for part of the year
Migrant worker
Migrates within home country or outside to pursue seasonal work. No intention to stay.
Famine
Extreme scarcity of food.
Millennium development goals
- Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
- Achieve universal primary education
- Promote gender equality and empower women
- To reduce child mortality
- Improve maternal health
- Combat HIV, AIDS, etc
- Ensure environment stability
- Develop a global partnership for development
Two world revolutions 1968 and 1848
1848
-Suffrage, the right to participate (vote) in political processes
1968
- Began in USA
- Excluded by system
- Identities based revolution (women, race, LGBTQ)
Three waves of feminism
1st
- Enfranchisement (late 1900’s)
- Women’s suffrage
- 1920 white women vote
2nd
- Economic distribution
- 1960s women’s rights
- Opportunity to earn wages
3rd
- Recognition, cultural rights
- Right to divorce, abortion, etc
Natural capital and consequences of depletion
- Resource depletion
- Fresh water
- Clean air
- Sustainable climate
Political capital and consequences of depletion
- Freedom: tensions between economic growth and political freedom
- Growth of corporate power and wealth that dominates states
Social capital and consequences of depletion
- Social networks that sustain communities - connections among individuals, norms of reciprocity and trustworthiness
- Islamophobia - fear of the other
- Sexual harassment
Herman Daly - 3 responses
- Rate of consumption of renewable resources must not exceed the rates at which the ecosystem is able to generate them
- Rates of consumption or irretrievable disposable and non renewable resources must not exceed the rate at which renewable substitutes are developed and put into use
- Rates of pollution emission into the environment
Settler society
European attempts to premaritally settle in other areas of the world
Violence and the nation state
The state must have a monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force to maintain its order
Polyani - the great transformation
The social move away from traditional market societies, where the market was one aspect of social and community life, to an unregulated, free market that dominates every sphere of human life
Polyani paradox
How is it possible to get the market to perform efficiently without, at the same time, “anhilating (destroy) the human and natural substance of society?”
Define liberty
Being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one’s way of life, behaviour, or political views.
Define equality
State of being equal, especially in status, rights and opportunities
Define fraternity
A group of people sharing a common profession or interest
The wal mart effect
Free market efficiency
- Sell goods at low cost
- Lower cost policy if item does not change in a year
- End point and future in a society who wants the best deal
Degrowth
A negative growth (reduction) of an economy or population
4 myths about famine
- Not the result of insufficient food production
- Not the most common reason for hunger
- Rarely caused by food insufficiency
- Not caused by overpopulation
The green revolution
Production of global agriculture increased due to new advances.
More nutrients and more yield.
Controlled weeds, killed bugs, and prevented diseases.
Impact of green revolution on local communities
- Increasing pollution (soil and water nearby)
- Water shortages and droughts
Prefigurative politics
- David Grabber
- Modes of organization and social relationships that strive to reflect the future society being sought (seek) by the group
“Capitalism requires constant change” - how and why?
- New markets
- New technologies
- Perpetual growth
- Dislocation
Global feminist resistance
-Working against feminism … the advocacy of the rights of women based on the theory of equality of the sexes
Gender relations in capitalism
- Gender based trading
- Relegation of women and domestic sphere v. fields
- Missionaries christianity
3 ways nuclear family has historically subordinated women within the culture of capitalism
- Women had to cook
- Women had to clean
- The male’s had the job
- Only male’s brought in income
Nuclear family and capitalism
- Isolation of women
- Male autonomy under nuclear family versus extended family model
- European marriage patterns
Socially reproductive versus economically productive labour
Socially reproductive
- Sustains human relations
- Crucial for the performance of economically productive labour
- Affective and caring work
- Largely unpaid and usually performed by women
- Housework, birthing, volunteer
Economically reproductive
-Waged
4% project
Belief that accelerating economic growth will address social problems (poverty, environmental degradation) and enhance standard of living
70 year of 10x growth in economic production = greatest inequality
Disaster capitalism
The practice (by government) of taking advantage of a major disaster to adopt liberal economic policies that the population would be less likely to accept under normal circumstances
What effect does inequality have on our lives
- Trust
- Happiness
- Stress
- Mental health
- Crime
Sustainable development goals
- No poverty
- Zero hunger
- Good health and well being
- Quality education
- Gender equality
- Clean water and sanitation
- Affordable and clean energy
- Decent work and economic growth
- Industry, innovation and infrastructure
- Reduced inequalities
- Sustainable cities and communities
- Responsible consumption and production
- Climate action
- Life below water
- Life on land
- Peace, justice and strong institutions
- Goal partnerships
4 sets of costs
- Extraction
- Production
- Distribution
- Consumption
How is a nation state constructed?
Invention and social engineering
Bureaucracy and education in the nation state
- Language forms everything else
- School practiced French
- School benefits economically and socially
- New roads, more connections
- Instruct people
- Build schools
The propaganda model
Understand how the population is manipulated, and how the social, economic, political attitudes are fashioned in the minds of people through propaganda.
Celebrity humanitarianism
When celebrities are used to promote human health, happiness and fortunes
Beijing conference
Free trade between China and Canada
Could kill Canadian jobs
China does not want
Relationship between democracy and economic growth
Democracy
-A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives
Economic Growth
-An increase in the amount of goods and services produced per head of the population over a period of time
Manufacturing consent
Manipulate manner in which policies and events are represented by mass media
Systemic resistance and relationship to capitalism
Capitalism requires constant change
Why has economic development largely failed?
- Poverty
- Climate change
- Availability
