Final Flashcards
Treaty of Versailles
The treaty that ended World War 1. President Wilson negotiated the treaty. He wanted “peace without victory” and illustrated Fourteen Points to end the war.
Genocide and Final Solution
By Hitler, extermination of all Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals, and everyone who didn’t agree with Nazism.
War Refugee Board
Established by FDR to give European Jews shelter from Nazism. It helped more than 200,000 Jews escape from the Holocaust.
Cèsar Chàvez
fought for worker’s rights and created an organization called the United Farm Workers of Americans to request pay and safe working conditions.
Iranian Hostage Crisis
Iranians held 50+ Americans in hostage at the US Embassy. Shah tried to westernize Iran, but was overthrown and he flees to the US. Reagan released the hostage 444 days later.
McCarthyism
Joseph McCarthy produce a series of investigations and hearings during the time of the Cold War to expose supposed communist infiltration.
Hollywood Ten
HUAC felt some Hollywood films are pro-communist and Hollywood must be overfilling with communist. The ten writers were accused of being communists, and was arrested and blacklisted.
HUAC
The House Un-American Activities Committee is a committee of the U.S. who invested allegations of communist activity in the U.S. during the years of the Cold War.
Karl Marx
Believed that communism would replace capitalism as it replaced feudalism. He wrote “communist manifesto”.
Yalta Conference
FDR, Churchill and Stalin meet at Yalta. Russia agreed to declare war on Japan after the surrender of Germany. In return, FDR and Churchill promised the USSA concession in Manchuria and the territories it lost in the Russo-Japanese War.
Result of Korean War
North Korea remains communist and remains above the 38th parallel. South Korea started to become a developed nation and North Korea becomes a closed off Communist country that is isolated from the rest of the world.
Cuban Missile Crisis
13 day political standoff. US had nukes in Turkey and Russia had nukes in Cuba. A deal was made that there will be no nuclear war if the US leaves Cuba alone. Russia removed missles from Cuba and US removed missles from Turkey.
Mendez v. Westminster
California State Supreme Court ruling it is unconstitutional to segregate children of Mexican descent.
East Asian children were still allowed to be segregated.
Brown v. Board of Education
Overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson case. It made segregated public facilities unconstitutional because it violated the 14th amendment. It marked the end of legal segregation.
Plessy v. Ferguson
Ruled that racially segregated public facilities were legal, as long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal and not inferior in anyway.
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Leader of SCLC. I had a dream speech. He organized the Montgomery bus boycott. He led the march on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. He promoted peace, but will not obey radical laws from the whites.
Montgomery Bus Boycott
After Rosa Parks was arrested for not giving up her seat on a city bus, Martin L. King led a boycott of city busses. 11 months later, the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation is illegal.
American Indian Movement
A Native American organization which protested government policies and injustices suffered by Native Americans.
Little Rock Nine
It was a group of 9 african american students enrolled in Little Rock High School in 1957.
Civil Rights Act (’64)
Outlawed segregation in public areas. It also created Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to prevent discrimination in the work place.
Voting Rights Act (’65)
Banned uses of any test or devices to deny voting rights and authorized federal examiners to register voters in states that had disenfranchised blacks since more blacks are becoming politically active.
Watergate
The events and scandal surrounding a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in 1972 and the subsequent cover-up of White House involvement. President Nixon resigned before he was impeached.
Phyllis Schlafly
New right activist that protested the women’s rights acts and movements to defy tradition and natural gender division of labor.
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Authority granted by congress to President Johnson in 1964 to approve and support “to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attacks against the US”
Tet Offensive
A series of major attacks by communist forces in the Vietnam War. Embassy were attacked.
My Lai
American troops has killed unarmed innocent women and children in the village of My Lai. The story was covered up for a year till it was spoken of in the press. After that, more anti-war sentiments became apparent.
Election of 1980
Ronald Reagan won over Jimmy Carter because of the Iranian hostage crisis and America’s stagflation.
NOW
(National Organization of Women), ran by Betty Friedan who persuade the EEOC to end sex discrimination.
The Feminine Mystique(1963)
An article discussing how unsatisfied some women were only being a mother and housewife. They wanted the opportunity to further their education and apply it in the workplace or anywhere useful.
Stonewall riot
A pivotal event in 1969 where the gays fought back against the violence of the police since the gays were facing physical and legal discrimination, especially police brutality towards homosexuals.
Harvey Milk
Gay rights leader, inspired by the Stonewall and other movements, who focused on discrimination towards gays as well as fight for other minority group rights and elderly rights. He inspired other gays to “come out of the closet”
Immigration Act 1965
Abolished the National Origins system. It doubled the number of immigrants allowed to enter annual, and also limits the immigrants from the Western Hemisphere.
Immigration Reform and Control Act (1986)
Issued hundreds of thousands of visas to undocumented immigrants, making them legal migrants.
National Origins Act
It limited the amount of immigrants entering the United States per year, but had no effect on immigrants in the western hemisphere, such as Canada or Mexico
Reaganomics
Supply-side Tax cuts, and domestic budget cutting. It’s goal was to reduce the size of the federal government and stimulate economic growth.
Iran-Contra Affair
Reagan administration scandal in which the United States secretly sold arms to Iran to help release the American Hostage. The profit made from selling arms was used to finance the contras in Nicaragua.
Patriot Act
Signed by Bush to punish any terrorist acts.
Battle of Stalingrad
Soviet forces stopped German advance outside Stalingard, resulting in the Soviets pushing Germany out of Soviet Union by early 1944.
Battle of Britain
An air battle. Hitler tried to invade Britain, but Britain fought off the German attack and was considered the first major allied victory and a turning point in the war.
How did LULAC place Mexican-Americans in regards to race?
They placed them as Caucasian or white, not a race of their own. The Mexicans born in the US are Americans and nothing different.
On the U.S. home front, what were the reasons for opposing the Vietnam War?
There was no clear objective in Vietnam. There was also no declaration of war. Religious pacifist. People believed the war was unbeatable.
Why did Johnson decide not to run for reelection in 1968?
Johnson was suffering at the American causalities. He was more of an sentimental person and anti-war. He wanted to stop sending troops to Vietnam and not be re-elected.
Who ran and who won the Election of 1968?
Nixon (republican) won against Hubert Humphrey (democrat) and third party George C. Wallace who wanted to bomb the Vietnamese to death.
What are the various occupations of the recent immigrants? How does this compare to immigrants from 100 years ago?
The role of immigrants and the process of immigration are similar today. Republicans were divided 100 years ago over the immigration and are still divided today. Some republicans wanted cheap labor while other republicans wanted to limited the amount of immigrants and even stop immigration all together.
