Final Flashcards
What is a verb
Action
4 inflections Most of verbs take
Third person singular, present tense form
Past tense form
Present participle
Past participle
What is third person singular, present tense form
Adds -s
He WALKS to school everyday.
The verb call mom when it takes the -s, goes after the third person singular subject for example he, she, it, Tom. The sentence for this form usually appears describes or mentions an activity that is routine or factual.
What is the past tense form
Past tense form means the infliction -ed goes after the verb and we are discussing something in the past
He WALKED to school yesterday
Present participle is what
-ing We are discussing something going on right now at this moment are over a period of time
He is WALKING to school right now
What is past participle
-ed or -en goes on the Verb have just finished something or perhaps I’ve recently taken something or done something
He has WALKED to school for years
he has TAKEN his time since his youth
What is the difference between regular and irregular verbs
Buy, bought irregular
Move, moves, moved- regular
If the word “changes”
What are the six forms of verbs
Base - ( helper do will) take, walk
Present participle: (helper is were) taking, walking
Past participle- ( helper had has ) taken, walked
General president- take, walk
-S present- takes, walks
Past tense form-took, walked
Top 3 are nonfinite
Six verb forms “in action”
Base, present participle, past participle are nonfinite verbs so they will come after the auxiliary verbs
General president,-S present, past tense form are finite verbs and don’t need and auxiliary
What does verb tense mean
Tense refers to the timeframe in which something happened
The 12 verb tenses
The simple tenses Present past future The progressive tenses The perfect tenses Perfect progressive tenses
Simple present tenses : To walk
Present: I walk to school
Past: I walked to school
Future: I WILL walk to school
The progressive tense: to walking
Present: I AM walking to school
Past: I WAS walking to school
Future: I WILL BE walking to school
The perfect tenses: to walk
Present: I HAVE walked to school
Past: I HAD walked to school
Future: I WILL HAVE Walked to school
The perfect progressive tense: to walk
Present: I HAVE BEEN walking to school
Past: I HAD BEEN walking to school
Future: I WILL HAVE BEEN walking to school
Which auxiliary verbs are used in what tense
Do, be and have are the three main auxiliary verbs
Do is used with the base form of verbs
Be is used in the present participle form of verbs ( also is the key to each of the 6 progressive tenses)
Have is used in the past participle form of the verb. Have is a key player in all six forms of the perfect tense
Perfect progressive tense is use both have and be
What tense can’t be made negations
Present simple
And past simple unless we add the auxiliary
Do
Preston: John does not take his time
Past : John did not take his time
What is a compound verb phrase
A verb phrase that consist of two or more verbs or verb phrases united by conjunction like the word and
Ex Jack ran up the hill and jumped over the fence.
The verb should be the same type, transitive, intransitive, or linking.
If they are transitive they will share the same direct object
What is a verb phrase
The verb phrase is another way of saying predicate
What are the three types of verb phrases
Transitive intransitive and linking
Tell me about transitive
Do io and oc only appear in transitive verb phrases
The verb is never followed by a noun phrase or an adjective phrase
Ex the farmer grows wheat ( wheat is the do)
What can only appear in linking verb phrases
Sc
The child grew bored ( bored is the subject complement adjective phrase)
Tell me about intransitive verb
Intransitive verb phrases don’t need a noun phrase in may have no other words that appear or may have an adverb phrase
The flowers in the garden will grow
How do you recognize active voice
Active voice has the usual subject verb object structure
How do you recognize Passive voice
The direct objects and sometimes the indirect objects are moved to the subject position
Ex active - ups will deliver the package (package do. Ups Supj.)
Passive - the package will be delivered by ups
What four out of the 12 verb tense can we not convert to passive voice
Perfect progressive present past and future
Future progressive
What is a compound sentence
Subject + predicate+ and/but/or + subject + predicate
The compound sentence is a union between two main causes both of which could stand alone as a sentence
What are the conjunctions usually found between the two clauses in a compound sentence
FANBOYS F=for A=and N=nor B=but O=or Y=yet S=so
How do you identify adverbial clauses
Adverbal clauses answer the three main question all adverbs do. When, where, and why. But they may also give information like concession and condition
Examples
We waited outside ( ALTHOUGH the weather was awful) concession
Accidents always happen (WHEN you least expect them) when
How do you identify noun clauses
Noun clause is go where noun phrases go
Ex (whoever stole that cake$ will go to jail kanaka replace the noun clause with a pronoun is a test
Ex someone will go to jail
How do you identify relative clauses
Please give information about the noun and stand in the noun phrase immediately after the head noun. They are introduced by relative pronouns, these relative pronouns active subordinating conjunction‘s
Who ( subject, predicate noun, human) Whose (possessive) Whom ( object, human) Which ( subj/obj, nonhuman) That ( subj/obj, nonhuman)
