Final Flashcards
Product Development definition
Creating a garment from start to finish. Includes finding, designing, and developing season lines.
Target Market definition
A group of customers identified through a process of market segmentation that have similar wants and needs for certain products or services.
Demographic characteristics
Age Sex Income Geographic location Occupation
Merchandising definition
The activities involved in planning and development for buying of a merchandise line for targeted customers.
Providing them with what they want, when they want it, at prices they can afford and are willing to pay.
Fringe customer
Occasionally shop or may be attracted to shop.
Offer potential for business growth.
Computer-Aided Design
CAD
Piece together elements
Repeat a fabric pattern
Simulate drape on figure
Experiment with color and fabric changes
Swatch
A small sample of intended fabric or trim
Attached to the sketch or drawing
Traditional pattern making begins with:
A basic pattern called a block or sloper on heavyweight paper called oaktag
Pattern making from a draped design
- couture and designer price zones
- cutting, molding, and pinning inexpensive fabric or muslin
- fabric pieces removed and laid flat over pattern paper
- pattern is perfected and finalized with markings
Cut and sew prototype
Sample garment made in actual ir facsimile fabric
Fit model
Used to assess fit and style
Represents body proportions of target customer
Marker
The layout of the pattern pieces
Select styles for line (final adoption)
At the conclusion of the line review
Some styles eliminated
Some changes will be required
Colorways
The variety of colors available for a style
Quantity of fabric and findings ordered
Important to receive materials on time
Order and produce sales samples provides:
An opportunity to make adjustments in production
Final costing includes:
All costs to produce a garment including materials and labor
Wholesale price
Price shown to buyers at market
Includes manufacturers profit as well as funds to run business
Market weeks
Primary times during the year when lines are shown to retail buyers
Retail buyers place orders
Not every style presented will be produced
Must have a sufficient # of orders for the style and color
Production sequence
What will be shown 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. in factory
Pattern grading
Each pattern piece is remade for each size
More costly to grade styles that have many pieces of produced in many sizes
Sustainability defines
A method of harvesting or using a resource so that the resource is not depleted or permanently damaged
Sourcing
Decision process for determining how and where textile and apparel products or their components will be produced
-helps to determine a company’s competitive edge
Tariffs
Taxes assessed by government on imports
Social responsibility definition
The principle that companies should contribute to the welfare of society and not be solely devoted to maximizing profits
Production labor costs
If labor is inexpensive, do more labor by hand rather than using expensive equipment
Flexible manufacturing systems
Sewing is organized into teams of 7-9 operaters
Electronic data interchange (EDI)
Focuses on communications between companies
UPC bar coding
- universal product code
- a 12 digit #
- identifies manufacturer and merchandise items by stock-keeping units
SKUs include:
Rendor, style, color, and size
Distribution policies primary goal is:
To make sure the merchandise is sold to stores that cater to the target market
Selective distributions based on:
Amount ordered, geographic area, etc.
Intrinsic attributes cannot:
Be changed without changing the product itself
Image advertising
Promoting the image, or general perception, of a product or service, rather than promoting its functional attributes.
Merchandise is of secondary importance
Cooperative advertising
Fiber producers, fabric producers, and manufacturers pay for retailers advertisements that feature their merchandise
Special events can:
Enhance store’s identity, build customers loyalty, and create community spirit
Production fashion shows
The most elaborate and expensive fashion show
Also called a dramatized or spectacular show
Fashion “pieces” deal with: (media)
Tendencies and trends that are subjective or speculative
Fashion stylists focus on:
How to create images and characters utilizing merchandise props for publication layouts and media
Trademark
Company’s individual registered mark or name for a product
Licensing
An arrangement
Names, trademarks, and logos for use on merchandise produced & sometimes designed by others
Commonly licensed products are:
Home furnishings, accessories, and fragrances
Sell-through
The ability of a line to sell regularly & steadily at full price
Stock or inventory turn
The # of times inventory is sold out & replaced in a given period
Retailing
The link between the manufacturer and the consumer
True success in the fashion business is achieved…
At the retail level
Specialty stores cater to:
a particular target customer
Specialty stores carry…
Only private-label merchandise
Specialty stores establish…
Store names as brands. Ex: gap, express, H&M
Mass merchants provide…
Commodity merchandise at low prices with limited service in no-frills environment
Discounters…
Offer low prices
Buy large quantities of lower priced merchandise
Off-price retailers offer…
Special buys, closeouts, overruns, last season’s goods, off-colors, & manufactures returns
Outlet stores are…
Clearance stores run by retailers with out of season or slow moving merchandise
Warehouse clubs charge…
A small membership fee and offer deep discounts on general merchandise in a warehouse setting
Promotional stores are…
Any store that is price-directed that offers special buys and frequent sales
Ex: macys, kohls
Store operations
Plan, manage, and maintain the retail building
American retailing is dominated by…
Chains or multiple-unit stores
Visual merchandising- Standards manuals ensure…
Consistent display
Visual merchandising- presentation packages include…
Planograms & photographs
Visual merchandising- fixtures… (4)
Wall racks
Rounders
Four way or star fixtures
T shaped stands
