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Intro to Africa > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Route of the North African and West African gold trade and means of transportation before the introduction of camels

A

Trade went through gold producing areas, Fez, Carthrage, and Alexandria via use of horses and donkeys. (Coastline route)

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2
Q

Title of Queen Mother of Benin Kingdom

A

Oba

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3
Q

The enemy that Sundiata defeated before he could unite and form Mali Kingdom

A

Soumangouru, King of Susu

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4
Q

King Makers of Oyo and their leader

A

Prince Oranmiyan, power of king derived from religion

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5
Q

Initial difficulty faced by the Portuguese on their arrival in Africa in the 15th C

A

Lacked trade goods, slave raids, racism

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6
Q

Names of Forest States

A

Ife, Oyo, Asante, Benin

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7
Q

Trade system that depended on the Monsoon wind

A

Indian Ocean trading system

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8
Q

Source of the Gold traded by the Swahili through the Indian ocean

A

From forest and Savanna of West Africa

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9
Q

Articles of trade of both the trans Saharan and Indian Ocean trading system

A

Saharan-gold, ivory, moroccan red leather, slaves, textiles, kolanut, salt, date fruit, ostrich feather. Indian ocean- gold, ivory, resins, dye, skin, shells, textiles, slaves, cloves, animals, silkm, porcelain, beads, firearms, persian rugs, books, etc.

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10
Q

Religion of the Kings of Ghana

A

indigenous religion.

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11
Q

African state that appeared in European maps in the 14th C

A

kongo

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12
Q

African Prince who was installed as Bishop of Utica in 16th C

A

Prince Ndoadidiki Mbemba

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13
Q

What is Ajami

A

Arabic alphabet used for writing African languages, especially Hausa and Swahili

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14
Q

Names of three salt mines in West and central Sudan

A

Ghana, Mali, Kanem-Borno

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15
Q

Location of Sankore University

A

Timbaktu, Mali

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16
Q

The principal terminus of the world through which all trade from Middle-East and Asia passed to West Africa

A

Trans Saharan trading system

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17
Q

Name of means of transportation in the Indian Ocean trade

A

dhows

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18
Q

Queen who employed diplomacy and war to keep the Portuguese out of her state

A

Queen Nzinga

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19
Q

State that practices Matrilineal system of inheritance of Kingship in west Africa

A

Kongo

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20
Q

Ruler of Songhay that did not patronize Islam

A

Askia Muhammed Toure

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21
Q

Origin or starting point of Bantu Migrations

A

West Africa

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22
Q

Rebellious group that fought against the major state of west and central sudan

A

Tuareg/Mossi

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23
Q

Residence of Muslim traders in Ghana’s capital city

A

Capital was Kumbi Saleh

-divided into two (King’s & Muslim towns)

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24
Q

Responsibility for the building of a Hostel for Bornu students in Cairo in 16th C

A

Mai Idris Alooma

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25
Q

Reasons for quick spread of Islam in West and East Africa

A

trade, religion, learning centers, etc.

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26
Q

Four centers of Islamic learning in North and West Africa

A

Ngarzagamu, Kano, Kanem, Songhay

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27
Q

Adversaries in the battle of Tondibi 1592

A

Morocco

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28
Q

Swahili City states

A

Mogadisu, Barawa, Lamu,

Pemba

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29
Q

Which African group defeated the Boers of the Cape in the 18th C.

A

Xhosa

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30
Q

Significance of the Islands of Sao Tome and principe

A

used for establishing sugar plantations that became models for the American economies

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31
Q

Functions of Iyalode and Omu

A

Participate in public affairs over Igbo and Yoruba

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32
Q

rain making queens

A

rain making queens were above the Bantu

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33
Q

Female military corps in precolonial Africa and name

A

Gbeto- corp of women soldiers & guards of Dahomey

34
Q

Estimated population of exported slaves through the Indian ocean/Mediterranean & Atlantic
slave trade

A

Indian ocean- 10 million. Atlantic- 12 million

35
Q

Consequences of the slave trade

A

Depopulation of youths and able-bodied, dislocation of socio-economic development, corruption of values & debasement of formerly human african values, prolonged political crisis & conflicts halting state formation & unification of peoples, technological & scientific stagnation.

36
Q

Estimated population of European slaves in Africa by 19th C

A

over 1-1.5 million

37
Q

States that resisted participation in the Atlantic slave trade

A

Benin, Baga & Dahomey

38
Q

Names of Hausa City States

A

Kanem-Borno & Darfur

39
Q

Portuguese trading licenses in Africa

A

Cartaz

40
Q

Swahili City called Fort Jesus

A

built by the portugese 1593, captured by oman arabs 1698, became a government prison 1895, declared a national monument 1958, museum built and opened 1960

41
Q

Causes of demand for slaves in the Muslim World

A

used for labor, sex, & trade in africa & the islamic world

42
Q

Date of Dutch establishment of provision station at the Cape

A

1652

43
Q

Where Portuguese Christian evangelization succeeded in Africa

A

warri & kongo

44
Q

Bantu states

A

Kongo, Lunda empire, Angola, Buganda, Karagwe, Uganda, Kanzania

45
Q

Three crops domesticated in Africa

A

Pearl millet, sorghum (guinea corn), yam tubers

46
Q

size of rainforest

A

about 1.4 million sq miles, only one fifth of African landmass

47
Q

why Khosian is found in southernmost Africa

A

Their technology was particularly suited to exploiting the dry, semi-desert zones of Southern Africa.

48
Q

4 writing systems of africa

A

Egyptian hieroglyphics, Ethiopian, vai, agami

49
Q

characteristics of australopeticus

A

Bipedal, small brain, hands/fingers, developed for using tools, omnivorous, extinct about 1.5mya

50
Q

4 hunter gatherer groups in central and southern africa.

A

Khoi and san of South Africa, twa and efe of central Africa

51
Q

Origin of dominant language in the Austronesian language group

A

Developed from the language of Asian migrants from Borneo Indo

52
Q

Exogamy practiced among which ethnic group

A

igbo acephalous society

53
Q

“the death of an old man in Africa is like…”

A

a library burning, ahmadu hampate ba

54
Q

first hominoid to migrate out of africa in to Asia and europe

A

homo erectus (ergaster)

55
Q

vegetation with best soil in africa

A

montane

56
Q

Fulani language group

A

Niger Congo West Atlantic

57
Q

Xhosa language group

A

niger congo bantu

58
Q

Kanuri language group

A

Nilo Saharan

59
Q

Malagasy language group

A

Austronesian

60
Q

Hausa language group

A

Afro-Asiatic

61
Q

Role of agriculture in social organization

A

changed humans from nomadic to sedentary life

62
Q

cause of migration from the Sahara region

A

spread of pastoralism and cultivation

63
Q

three ethnic groups that had acephalous political system in Africa

A

massai, Fulani, galla boran

64
Q

three weaknesses of oral tradition

A

Art is used to record historical events, art is used as a mnemonic device, art history- changes in styles and forms of art and visual culture

65
Q

keeper of oral tradition in mali

A

mory kaite

66
Q

Hypothesis that denies African creation of the great civilizations and engineering feats in ancient Africa.

A

Denigrated by Arab Muslims, denied by European racists/colonialists. Not much was written because African history relied greatly on oral tradition.

67
Q

name of early promoter of african history

A

ahmadu hampate ba

68
Q

Hamitic Hypothesis

A

Denies African History. Credits a race of white people with all the great achievements and developments of Pre-Colonial Africa. Believers say that African Americans didn’t contribute to history. Hamitic hypothesis states that artifacts were made by foreigners who came to Africa and not Africans themselves.

69
Q

Acephalous Societies

A

Acephalous societies are made up of sedentary farmers/pastoralists whose families maintain virtual autonomy. Examples are the Igbo and Tiy of Nigeria, Tallahensi of Ghana, and the Kikuyu of Kenya. Igbo acephalous societies practiced exogamy.Acephalous cultivator societies are not static and changes are influenced by social development and external contact, at times leading to emergence of chiefs/title societies, and also social stratification (slavery).

70
Q

Onwuka K. Dike

A

Onwuka K. Dike lived from 1917-1983. African history was criticized for scarcity of written documents and reliance on oral traditions. Dike pioneered and demonstrated the viability of written documents. Dike defended African history and was the main source or oral traditions.

71
Q

Transhumance with examples

A

Transhumance is the African Pastoralist practice of constantly moving from one vegetation zone to another. Transhumance is influenced by search/need for pasture. Transhumance assisted crop production and moved cattle to certain societies without disease. Fulani, Massai, Beribeja, and Almer are examples.

72
Q

Title of Queens of Meroe

A

Kadake

73
Q

Africans in the government and society of Ancient Rome

A

Rome emerged as new power across the Mediterranean and waged three wars with Carthage & employed Berber king of Numidia

74
Q

Status of Christianity in Axhum (Aksum) and how it got that status

A

Dessication, Berbers formed mini-states of Libya, Mauri, and Numidia. Gharamante roamed desert area and coastal population grew.

75
Q

Role of Meroe in Egypt

A

Meroe conquered then ruled Egypt. Made many contributions in religion

76
Q

Significance of Nabta Playa, Egypt in African history

A

earliest evidence of domestication of cattle

77
Q

Origin and Development of Iron working in Africa

A

Developed independently in Africa over 2500 ya. Further aided sedentary life. iron used for making tools, etc. Forests & environment destroyed.

78
Q

common problems shared by written sources and oral traditions

A

can be falsified or destroyed

79
Q

Muslim invasion of Egypt

A

Boosted trade & economy. Slave trade affected population and political stability.

80
Q

How Islam spread to South Africa

A

Islam spread to South Africa through trade in gold/slaves and muslim refugees

Intro to Africa (3 decks)

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