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327 Gas Turbine Engines > Final > Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of engines have combustion occur MOMENTARILY in a CYLINDRICAL flow?

A

Reciprocating engines!

Intake, Compression, COMBUSTION, Exhaust

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2
Q

What type of engines have combustion occur CONTINUOUSLY in ONE location?

A

Turbine engines!

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3
Q

What are the 4 engine sections?

A
  1. Fan (Intake)
  2. Compressor
  3. Combustor
  4. Turbine (Exhaust)
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4
Q

Newton’s 2nd Law

A

F = ma

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5
Q

Increasing temperature causes gas to:

A

Expand!

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6
Q

A ____ accelerates gas flow at the trailing edge of the turbine

A

Nozzle

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7
Q

A ____ decelerates streamlines in conventional air intake design

A

Diffuser

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8
Q

What are the 4 different types of Turbo engines?

A
  1. Turboshaft
  2. Turbojet
  3. Turbofan
  4. Turboprop
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9
Q

Turbo___ engine are most commonly used for helicopters

A

TurboSHAFT

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10
Q

Turbo___ engines are knows to be the noisiest

A

TurboJET

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11
Q

Turbo___ engines have better fuel consumption and reduced noise (80 percent bypass/20 percent core air)

A

TurboFAN

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12
Q

Turbo___ engines are prop-driven through a reduction gearbox from a turbine.

A

TurboPROP

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13
Q

The Pratt and Whitney Purepower 1000 is what TYPE of turbine engine?

A

GEARED TurboFan!

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14
Q

The ___ is designed to ensure smooth, stable airflow delivered to the compressor.

A

Air Intake

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15
Q

With regards to a Compressor, what does the term “Stage” refer to?

A

Stage = One set of rotors and stators within an axial flow compressor

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16
Q

Compressor EFFICIENCY is concerned with:

A

The amount of energy supplied from the turbine, via a shaft to the compressor resulting in an increase in pressure energy

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17
Q

____ are a collection of blades oriented around one cylindrical plane which rotates on the compressor shaft (driven by the turbine).

A

Rotors

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18
Q

____ are blades mounted to the compressors CASING

A

Stators

Stators STAY, they do not move

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19
Q

The ________ refers to the Amount of air routed around the compressor, versus the amount of air routed through the compressor/combustor

A

Bypass Ratio

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20
Q

High-Bypass ratio engines have a ratio greater than __

A

5

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21
Q

The air flow rate is the:

A

Volume of air able to be processed by the compressor (typically in 1 second)

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22
Q

What are the 2 TYPES of compressors?

A
  1. Centrifugal Flow

2. Axial Flow

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23
Q

What type of compressor is most commonly used today?

A

Axial Flow Compressor

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24
Q

A(n) ____ flow compressor is able to accept large mass flow rates, and deliver high pressure ratios!

A

AXIAL flow

25
Can Axial Flow compressors be divided into multi-stage/multi-spool? What are 2 downsides of Axial Flow compressors?
- Yes | - Weight and Complexity (multiple stages/spools)
26
What are the 2 main types of COMBUSTION chambers?
1. Can-Type (inefficient, no longer used) | 2. Annular
27
______ are distributed as necessary to provide fuel mist into the combustor
Fuel Nozzles
28
_____ operate as needed, and assist with starting, auto-continuous ignition, and manual-continuous ignition
Igniters
29
What is the purpose of a Turbine?
- To extract/absorb energy, and convert it from gas flow, into mechanical shaft power/torque
30
What 4 factors impact the number of stages a turbine engine has?
1. Number of compressor spools (to drive) 2. Amount of energy to extract from the gas 3. Rotational velocity (RPM) 4. Max permissible turbine diameter
31
____ are designed to capture any remaining force from the gases after the turbine
Exhaust Nozzles
32
The _____ powers many pieces of auxiliary equipment, and is sometimes referred to as the AGB
Accessory Gear Box
33
Do Gas Turbine Engines usually have a wet or dry sump lubrication system?
DRY sump!
34
What is N1?
- Electrical Accessory | - Low speed Tachometer
35
What is N2?
- Electrical Accessory | - High speed Tachometers
36
The goal of the Starting System is to achieve:
- Engine IDLE | lowest rotational speed at which a turbine engine can continue running
37
Air Turbine Starters (ATS) use Pneumatic Air which is supplied from: (3 total sources)
1. Auxiliary Power Unit 2. Opposite Engine 3. HP Start Cart (huffer cart)
38
What are 3 types of Air Turbine Starters?
1. Electric Starter 2. Gas Turbine Starter 3. Cartridge Starter
39
- N1 section consists of: | - N1 fan consists of:
- A 4 stage low pressure turbine that drives a single stage fan through a single shaft - 28 titanium blades and is enclosed in a Kevlar container
40
- N2 section consists of: | - N2 fan RPM is displayed on:
- 14 stage axial flow compressor connected through a drive shaft to a 2 stage high pressure turbine - The primary page
41
Where is the combustion chamber located?
Between the N2 compressor and the N2 turbine section.
42
What occurs with the N2 core section air? What effect does this have on N1?
- The air is mixed with fuel and ignited! - The expanding air hot gases passes through the high pressure turbine and furthermore into the low pressure turbine, driving the N1 fan
43
The _________ is mounted on the engine, and driven by the N2 rotor.
Accessory Gearbox
44
Air Turbine Starter rotation turns the ____ which turns the N2 rotor for start.
AGB
45
3 characteristics of a Variable Geometry System or "VG System"
1. Fuel control unit regulates airflow into the combustion chamber 2. Change position of the compressor inlet guide vane and 1st five stages of stator vanes 3. Prevent compressor stall/surge and optimizes the engine performance
46
The Fuel Control Unit regulates airflow by:
Changing position of the compressor inlet guide vanes and 1st 5 stages of the stator vanes (N2 section)
47
What is a Hung Start?
Identified by an abnormally slow acceleration after light-off, and RPM stabilization below IDLE
48
What is a Hot Start? When is it most likely to occur?
- Rapid rise in EGT during the start process | - Likely in high density altitude conditions
49
When would a tailpipe fire occur?
When you have unburned fuel that bypasses the combustion chamber and ends up in the tail pipe
50
What engine has a 1 stage fan and 4 stages LP turbine?
The N1 shaft on the CF34
51
What was the 1st engine use on the Me-262?
Junkers (Jumo 004)
52
A compressor stall may result from:
A strong cross-wind or otherwise disrupted airflow
53
When will the "NO STARTER CUTOUT" EICAS message illuminate on the CRJ?
When the air turbine starter does not disengage at 55 percent
54
What does cross-bleed start do?
Uses bleed air from #2 to start #1
55
Engine ingestion of volcanic ash may lead to:
Engine Flameout
56
What are the different types of combustors?
1. Can 2. Annular 3. Can-Annular
57
What company built the engine on the Bell P-59 Airacomet?
General Electric
58
What system on the engine may be comprised of "loops" which are mounted in selected areas of the engine and pylon?
The Fire Protection system
59
What type of engine did RAFs first operational fighter (Gloster Meteor) use?
Whittle Engine

327 Gas Turbine Engines (1 decks)

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