Final Flashcards
Most common anchor on large vessels
balt or patent stockless anchor
common anchor on smaller vessels
danforth anchor
common nautical measurements - fathom, shot, cable, nautical mile, league
1 fathom = 2 yards/6 feet
1 shot = 15 fathoms/90 feet
1 cable = 120 fathoms/720 feet/ tenth of a nautical mile
1 nautical mile = 6076 feet = 1 minute of latitude
1 league = 3 nautical miles
measurement that anchor chain comes in
shots
anchor chain characteristics
has a stud in the middle that prevents the link from distorting. has removable pin chain links. has chain swivel links. connects to anchor with anchor shackle
ground tackle definition
everything involved in raising and lowering anchor, the anchor chain, anchor, etc
anchor chain markings to count shots
red - end/beginning of shot
white:
one on either side of red = 1 shot
two on either side of red = 2 shots
three on either side of red = 3 shots, etc
yellow - entire length of shot. 2nd to last shot in chain (warning shot)
red - entire length of shot. last shot in chain (danger shot)
steps in anchoring
- drop anchor to bottom as vertical as possible (power out)
2. let go anchor chain, lay out anchor to length needed
length from hawspipe to the anchor
rode
the ratio of the length of chain laid to the depth of the water (5:1, 7:1, 10:1), etc
scope
i.e. for a 5:1 ratio:
50 ft of water needs 250 ft of chain. lay 3 shots for 270 ft of chain
the curve in chain from the vertical from the ship to the horizontal from the sea floor. affected by wind and current
catenary
pulling anchor steps
- eliminate catenary/make anchor chain as straight as possible
- pull in anchor
what affects the angle of the shank on the sea floor?
scope and catenary
angled steel pipe duct through which the anchor chain is let overboard. also the storage area for the shackle
hawes pipe
vertical steel pipe duct from the bottom of the windlass to the chain locker through which the anchor chain is lead
spurling pipe
an long stretching screw used to tighten rigging
turnbuckle
a sprocketed wheel with indentations for the anchor chain to rest in. It is used to pay out or haul in the anchor
wildcat
a heavy bar that lays across the anchor chain, behind the riding chock. used to open or up when the anchor chain is being paid out, and closed or resting on the chain when it is being retracted. If the windlass or wildcat breaks when the anchor chain is being retracted, it will stop the chain from running out.
riding pawl
relative location of contact ahead of vessel, approximately 45 degrees from centerline
BROAD
degree of angle between fluke and shank for best holding power
0°
metal ring with groove on outside to fit eye of wire rope
THIMBLE
Block and tackle – what it means to rove to advantage/disadvantage, how to calculate
advantage - pull is same direction as load is moving
disadvantage - pull is opposite direction load is moving
Force = weight of load + friction (10% weight x # sheaves) divided by mechanical advantage
lines or wire rope from mast head to rail running transversely, often supporting mast
SHROUD
link of anchor chain painted red
DETACHABLE LINK
A large amount of water has collected in the bilge, not flowing to the strum box, what do you check?
BLOCKAGE IN THE LIMBER HOLES
when the movable block has contacted the standing block
2 BLOCKED OR CHOCKABLOCK
bearing of object between stern and beam
ABAFT
uses a ratcheting action to create tension on chain
RATCHETING CHAIN BINDER
openings, with NO cover, in bulwarks, to carry off water
SCUPPERS
small wire or twine seized across hook or shackle pin to prevent unhooking
MOUSING
Tanker vessel “VLCC”
VERY LARGE CRUDE CARGO
