Final Flashcards
Jesus’ central message concerned the _________ ___ ______
Kingdom of God
The Kingdom is both _____ reality and a ______ hope
present
future
The kingdom is both _______ and _____ ______
already
not yet
Christology is:
the branch of christian theology relating to the person, nature and role of Christ
Jesus revealed His own understanding of who He was in 3 ways:
- By his actions
- Through his speech
- By the titles he used or accepted
Actions of Jesus had a claim of ______
authority over the temple, demons, sickness/disease, nature, Sabbath, death, prince of demons
This Christological claim demonstrated His______ and _______
humanity
divinity
Another sign of Christological significance is Jesus’ ___________
miracles (34 recorded in the gospels)
Jesus claimed He possessed authority over the ___ __ ____
law of God
Jesus was the revealer of ______ _______
divine wisdom
He taught using forms of ______ ________
wisdom teachers
His ________ relationship with God made Him the ______ ______ ______
unique
ultimate wise man (matt 11:25-27)
The rejection of Jesus and His teachings would bring _____ ______
terrible judgement
To reject Jesus is to reject the ________ of _______
personification of wisdom
Your eternal destiny is determined by the _________or ________ of Jesus
acceptance or rejection
Titles Jesus used as self-descriptions:
Son of God Prophet Lord Anointed One Messiah/Christ Son of Man
At the beginning of Jesus’ ministry, He declared that the ______ ___ ____ has arrived
Kingdom of God
Jesus came to inaugurate a new __________. This involved ________ with God the Father and a ______ ______ the indwelling Holy Spirit
covenant
intimacy
supreme gift
The new covenant brought _____ ___ ______
forgiveness of sins
The sealing of the covenant required a _____ ________
blood sacrifice
Jesus gave Himself as a ________ to seal the new ______
sacrifice
covenant
The culture at the time believed that the death of __ ________ brought _______ for the sins of a nation
the righteous
atonement
Jesus was aware of the _____ involved in following God’s will
cost
Jesus received a supernatural ________ concerning His role.
revelation
John the baptist prepared the way for him declaring He was the Lamb of God
The gospels record that Jesus revealed to His followers an understanding of 1. ____ and 2. ____
- Who He was
2. What he could do
The gospels tell the story of _____
Jesus
The gospels frame the accounts of ____ Jesus is.
Who
Who is Jesus?
- Man Jesus of Nazareth
- Jesus, the crucified, risen, & exalted Lord
- Shares the identity of the one true God
- Jesus was fully human:
- had physical nature
- experienced the human condition
- had human needs and concerns
- Jesus was fully divine
- existed before birth (pre-existence)
- incarnation (took on flesh)
- unique relationship with His father (divine sonship)
- deity, Jesus acted like God (divine prerogatives)
Passion week
Friday: Jesus anointed in Bethany
Saturday: Jesus rests on the Sabbath
Sunday: Triumphal entry
Monday: cursing fig tree, cleansing temple
Tuesday: Withered fig tree, temple controversies, olivet discourse
Wednesday: No mention of events
Thursday: Last supper, betrayal, arrest, trial before annas, and caiphas
Friday: Morning trial by Sanhedrin (jury); trial before Pilate and Herod, crucifixion and betrayal
Saturday: Dead in tomb
Sunday: resurrection and ascension (out of tomb)
Greek work “pascho” means:
suffering (passion also comes from pascho)
Passover commemorated (why is it celebrated?):
God’s deliverance of Israel from slavery in Egypt
Significance of donkey:
- it was unridden, symbolizing its sacredness for royal use.
- Jesus rides donkey rather than white horse.
- Donkey is a sign of peace, whereas horse is a sign of war.
- Jesus riding the donkey is the fulfillment of a prophecy
Significance of palm branches
- represented the nations’ victory over one’s enemy
- Jewish national symbol
- Used during feast of Tabernacles
Hosana means:
“save us” - common greeting or prayer
The crowd wanted a Messiah figure that would fight for them - Jesus was offering Himself as a _______________
humble, shepherd, king
Jesus predicted his death ____ times to his disciples
three
Each time Jesus predicted his death, the disciples responded with _______ and _________
pride and misunderstanding
Jesus used the opportunity to teach His disciples about __________ and _________________
servant hood and cross-bearing discipleship
Discipleship = following the servant’s ______ path. Three things:
suffering path
- take up your cross
- the first shall be last
- servant leadership
When Jesus cursed the fig tree, it was His only miracle of ____-
destruction
Fig trees were symbols of ____ ______
divine judgment
The fig tree and the ______ both failed to bear fruit
temple
the lesson of the fig tree was to trust ____ not the _____
God
temple
There were ____ different gates that led into the temple
eight
Jesus entered through the _______ gate which faced the mount of olives.
golden (permanently closed)
As Jesus entered the Temple, He saw two things happening:
- court of Gentiles the selling of sacrificial animals
2. exchange of money
Jesus was angry(righteous indignation) because the Temple was being used as a _______
marketplace
Who was required to sacrifice?
every adult Jewish male (20+)
What did they sacrifice?
animal w/o blemish
How much was the Temple Tax?
1/2 shekel
The Temple was to be a house of ______. The people had made it into a den of ____.
prayer
robbers
The cleansing of the temple marked and important ______ change of course in the ministry of Jesus. Because of his actions, the religious leaders _____ to kill him
historical
conspire
Prayer requires _____ in God.
faith
You must ______ that you will receive
believe
Bitterness _____ _______ ___ ______ your prayers
towards others can hinder
whatever you ask in prayer:
- must ask in Jesus’s name
- must ask according to God’s will
Maundy Thursday derived from Latin _____ meaning _______
mandatum
commandment
Maundy refers to _______ Jesus gave His disciples:
the commands
to love with humility by serving one another and remember his sacrifice
Where was the passover meal?
Jerusalem proper
When was the Passover meal?
at night
How did they celebrate the passover meal?
They would recline with pillows under their arms while they ate; 10 people
The passover meal had 6 symbolic elements:
1-passover lamb:
=roasted over fire
2-unleavened bread:
=reminder that salvation from Egypt was quick and swift. no time to wait for bread to rise.
3-bowl of salt water:
=reminded them of the sorrow and tears of their captivity and crossing the red sea
4-bitter herbs:
=reminded them of the bitterness of their bondage in Egpyt
5-charosheth:
=a kind of fruit puree, reminded them of the clay that was used to make bricks during their bondage in Egpyt
6-
=four cups of red wine mixed with water: reminded them of the promises God made in Ex 6:6-7
Seder plate, filled with foods that symbolize ______ __ ______
Story of exodus
- hard boiled egg
- roasted shank bone (lamb)
- spring veggie like parsley called karpas
- mixed fruit; wine, and nuts called charoset
- either prepared or fresh horseradish, called maror
- some Jews include a sixth item called chazeret often represented by lettuce
Both the passover and Lord’s supper are ____ memorials
permanent
Both the passover and the Lord’s supper involved _____
bread
Both the passover and the Lord’s supper involved _______ _______
communal fellowship
Both the passover and the Lord’s supper commemorate ________
redemption
The last supper centers on 4 sayings
- This is my body (transubstantiation, consubstantiation, metaphorically
- do this in remembrance of me - to remember = to proclaim
- This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many - atoning for sins
- I will not drink again of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God
Why did Jesus was the disciples’ feet?
John 13:1-20 - menial task of servant to wash guests fee - it was an object lesson: “I have set you an example that you should do asI have done for you.” humble service
Jesus and His disciples met at Gethsemane, which means ______ located ______________________
Olive Press
foot of mount of olives in kidron valley
Sweat like drops of blood: clinical term =
hematohidrosis
What was Jesus anticipating?
suffering (physical, emotional, and spiritual)
Jesus prayed this three times:
may this cup be taken from me
Cup is a metaphor for _______ (different than the cup of communion)
destiny (or divine disapproval)
Judas appeared in the garden with ________________
an armed crowd (about 200-600 men) and the Temple Police
Judas betrayed Jesus with a ____
kiss
Jesus was seized violently and _____
arrested
Who was Judas Iscariot?
One of the 12 disciples; betrayer
Who was annas?
former high priest
who was Joseph Caiaphas
high priest of jerusalem, son-in-law of Annas, sent Jesus to Pilate for his execution
Who was the Sanhedrin
Assembly of religious leaders?
Who was Herod Antipas
Son of Herod the Great. Roman governor of Galilee
Who was Pontius Pilate
Roman governor of Judea. Ordered the crucifixion of Jesus
Jesus’ trial had ______ parts
six. Three stages in the religous court and three stages in the Roman court
Jesus was asked two questions from the Jewish court:
- are you the messiah - responded: I AM
- are you the son of God - responded: I AM
Jewish charges against Jesus:
Blasphemy
Roman charges against Jesus:
self appointed King (treason) - no official charges (there was no legal basis
Jesus was asked one question from the Roman court (Pilate)
are you the king of the Jews (insurrection or treason)
Four trials of Jesus:
2am Interrogation by Annas
4am Trial at Caiaphas’ house
6am Trial before Pilate
7am Interrogated by Herod
What was scourging?
one of the most feared punishments by the roman government. victim was stripped, bent over low pole, hands, feet tied, and whipped with “cat of nine tails” (aka flagrum)- this was a wooden handle with several leather strips w/ bone and metal
Scoffing
cohort = 600 men, as long as they did not kill prisoner before execution, they were free to do what they wanted. 1. draped with purple cloth 2. crown of thorns 3. reed in hand 4. whipped w/ reed Matt 27:31
Jesus was offered ____________________ so the soldiers would have an easier time nailing the prisoners to the cross - not to offer the prisoners comfort. Jesus ______ because ______
“wine mingled with myrrh”
refused - wanted clear mind
Via Delarosa is Latin for
Way of Grief - Jesus’ journey to Calvary
Jesus carried the ________ cross beam
patibulum
How much did the patibulum weigh?
75-125 pounds
Golgotha means:
The place of the skull
Who carried Jesus’ cross for him?
Simon of Cyrene - he was “compelled” to carry the cross = press into public service = required to obey or put to death by Roman soldiers
Crucifixion “crucifixio” (Latin) means:
“fixed to cross” crucifixion is never described in the gospels, stated simply as “and they crucified him”
crucifixions originated in:
persian empire
Romans imposed crucifixion for
insurrection (rebellion against Roman gov’t)
what were the three advantages of crucifixions over other means of execution?
- incredibly painful
- provided lingering death
- afforded horrific deterrent for anyone contemplating a similar offense
Jesus’ final hours on the cross lasted about ____ hours
six; 9am-3pm
What were the four preceding events to the crucifixion?
- last supper
- garden of Gethsemane
- Jesus betrayed and arrested
- religious leaders condemn Jesus
What was the Titulus?
The sign hanging about Jesus’ head. It read “King of the Jews” (variations between books)
What was the timeline of the crucifixion?
6am - Trial before pilate; sent to Herod
7am - Jesus returned to Pilate; sentenced to death
8am - scourging, flogging, scoffing; led to Calvary
9am - “The Third Hour” Jesus was crucified; soldiers cast lots for Jesus’ clothing
10am - Jesus insulted and mocked
11am - Jesus and the criminal; Jesus speaks to Mary and John
12pm - “The Sixth Hour” Darkness covers the land; Jesus cries out to Father; Jesus is thirsty; it is finished - committed spirit
3pm - “The Ninth Hour” - Jesus is dead
What were the three eschatological signs following the crucifixion?
- curtain of temple was torn
- Earth shook
- rocks split
- tombs broke open and bodies of many holy people were raised to life
What did the centurion say after Jesus died?
“Surely he was the Son of God”
What did the soldiers break?
the thieves’ legs
What did the soldiers do to Jesus on the cross?
pierced his side
who wrapped and buried Jesus in his tomb?
Joseph
who came to Jesus’ tomb first?
Mary Magdalene and other Mary
who came to confirm Jesus’ tomb was empty?
Peter and John
How did the disciples respond to Jesus’ ascension?
They responded by worshipping Jesus
