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Phlebotomy > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

An N-95 respirator must be worn when entering the room of a patient who has which type of precaution sign on the door?

A

Airborne

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2
Q

Another name for blood bank is….

A

Immunohematology

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3
Q

Which department is responsible for administering oxygen therapy?

A

Respiratory therapy

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4
Q

A sign posted on the door of a patient in contact isolation states that all who enter the room must use soap and water to wash their hands before leaving the room. This sign that the patient may be infected with a spore-forming microbe such as ….

A

Clostridium Difficile

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5
Q

Outpatient phlebotomy, such as in a physician’s office or patient care service center, will be assigned a code for reimbursement using which national coding system?

A

CPT

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6
Q

To comply with the latest HazCom revision, the label of a hazardous chemical must include a ….

A

All options are correct

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7
Q

An example of employee screening for infection control is….

A

PPD testing

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8
Q

What are the credentials for an ASCP- certified phlebotomist?

A

PBT

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9
Q

Electrolyte testing includes

A

sodium, potassium

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10
Q

The term used to describe sophisticated and highly complex medical care…

A

Tertiary care

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11
Q

which type of contact infection transmission involves transfer of an infectious microbe to the mucous membranes of a susceptible individual by means of a cough or sneeze?

A

Droplet

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12
Q

Which of the following is an example of negative kinesics?

A

Frowning

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13
Q

The OSHA HazCom Standard is also commonly called the …

A

RIght-to-Know law

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14
Q

Which of the following is an example of a barrier to effective communication with a patient?

A

All of the options are correct.

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15
Q

Which of the following is an example of a work practice control that reduces the risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens?

A

Hand decontamination

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16
Q

A body fluid splash to the eyes requires the victim to immediately flush eyes with water or sterile saline for…

A

10 minutes

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17
Q

The main principles involved in radiation exposure

A

exposure time, distance, and shielding.

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18
Q

Class C fires…

A

involve electrical equipment

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19
Q

Which of the following is not one of the code words in the NFPA order of a cation in the event of fire?

A

Smother

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20
Q

A phlebotomist who gets the specimen for the doctor even if he or she must take shortcuts is exhibiting ?

A

unprofessionalism

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21
Q

Federal law requires that hepatitis B vaccinations be made available to employees assigned to duties with occupational exposure risk….

A

within 10 working days of initial assignment.

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22
Q

What is the FIRST thing the phlebotomist should do in the event of an accidental needlestick?

A

Wash the site with soap and water for at least 30 seconds.

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23
Q

Which of the following is an example of a confirming response to a patient?

A

I understand what you must be feeling.

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24
Q

Vaccination against HBV involves

A

a dose of vaccine, a second dose 1 month later, a third dose 6 months later.

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25
Q

In what instance might a patient be placed in protective isolation?

A

The patient has severe burns.

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26
Q

The term “phlebotomy” is derived from Greek words that, literally translated, mean ….

A

vein incision

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27
Q

Proof of participation in workshops to upgrade skills required by some agencies to renew certification is called…

A

CEUs

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28
Q

Which duty is not performed by local public health agencies?

A

Licensure of healthcare personnel

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29
Q

Which of the following communicates unprofessionalism?

A

Intense odor of cologne

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30
Q

The Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act directed OSHA to revise the BBP standard in all of the following areas except…

A

availability of vaccination against HBV for all employees

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31
Q

CLSI guidelines state that scrubs or slacks worn in the lab should be how far off of the floor?

A

1 to 1.5 inches

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32
Q

The area of the lab where testing is performed to detect infectious disease and the antibodies produced in response to infection is called…

A

immunology

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33
Q

What does acknowledging a patient’s beliefs, customs,knowledge, attitudes exemplify?

A

Diversity awareness

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34
Q

What is another name for “medical laboratory scientist”?

A

Medical technologist

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35
Q

Which type of PPE must be removed after leaving the patient’s room and closing the door?

A

Respirator

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36
Q

With which other hospital department would the laboratory coordinate therapeutic drug monitoring?

A

Pharmacy

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37
Q

What is the proper order for putting on the following protective clothing?
gloves goggles mask gown

A

Gown first, then mask, then goggles, gloves last.

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38
Q

Occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens can occur if which of the following happens while the healthcare worker is performing his or her duties?

A

All of the options are correct

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39
Q

According to standard first aid procedures, severe external bleeding is best controlled by…

A

applying direct pressure.

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40
Q

What is not a phlebotomist’s duty?

A

Starting intravenous (IV) lines

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41
Q

Examples of nosocomial infections include….

A

when a catheter site of a patient in ICU becomes infected.

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42
Q

The purpose of “ protective” isolation is to….

A

protect patients who are highly susceptible to infection.

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43
Q

It is improper telephone protocol to…

A

hang up on angry callers.

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44
Q

According to CLSI standards, which of the tubes listed below is filled last when using a syringe?

A

EDTA

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45
Q 
The priority designation for a test request is based on all of the following EXCEPT...
Age and gender
diet restriction 
patient condition
timed collection
A

age and gender

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46
Q

What would be the system of choice to identify laboratory specimens from an unconscious, unidentified woman in the Emergency room?

A

Use a three-part identification band and labels.

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47
Q

A phlebotomist arrives to draw a specimen from an inpatient. The patient’s door is closed. What should the phlebotomist do ?

A

Knock softly, open it slowly, and ask permission to enter.

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48
Q

The slanted tip of the needle that enters the vein is called the

A

bevel.

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49
Q

A tube with a green stopper normally contains….

A

Heparin.

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50
Q

The patient asks if the specimen about to drawn is for a diabetes test. How should the question be answered?

A

Say, “It’s best to discuss that with the doctor.”

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51
Q

Using which of the following communication strategies before obtaining a blood specimen from a child demonstrates poor technique?

A

Telling the child it won’t hurt.

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52
Q

Heparin prevents blood from clotting by….

A

inhibiting thrombin.

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53
Q

Never leave a tourniquet on for more than….

A

1 minute.

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54
Q

A request is given to draw a specimen from an inpatient by the name of John Doe. Which of the following is an acceptable way to confirm the patient’s identity?

A

Match the ID band and requisition with the patient’s verbal statement of ID.

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55
Q 
Which of the following is classified as a disinfectant?
Benzalkonium chloride
Isopropanol
Povidone-iodine
Sodium hypochlorite
A

Sodium hypochlorite

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56
Q 
Which of the following substances is a biocide?
Hydrogen peroxide
Isopropyl alcohol
Povidone iodine
All of the options are correct.
A

All of the options are correct.

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57
Q

An inpatient is sound asleep when the phlebotomist arrives to draw a blood specimen. What should the phlebotomist do?

A

Wake the patient gently to avoid a startle reaction.

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58
Q

Which of the following is an example of a potential permucosal exposure to biohazardous microorganisms?

A

Rubbing an eye with a contaminated glass.

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59
Q

A phlebotomist collects a light-blue top, lavender-top, and gray- top tube from an inpatient. Respectively, which of the following additives do the tubes most likely contain?

A

Citrate, EDTA, sodium fluoride

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60
Q

What is the recommended angle of needle insertion for an antecubital vein and a hand vein, respectively?

A

30 degrees or less, 10 degrees or less

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61
Q

The tests performed in the following department are typically collected in a tube with a light-blue stopper.

A

Coagulation

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62
Q

A rapid serum tube contains…..

A

Thrombin

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63
Q

When nitrile or vinyl strap tourniquets become soiled with blood, it is best to…

A

Throw them away.

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64
Q

The tube additive that is responsible for the most carryover problems is …

A

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

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65
Q

The following tests have all been ordered at the same time on different inpatients. Only one phlebotomist is on duty. Which test should the phlebotomist collect first?

A

STAT electrolytes in the ER.

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66
Q

What may happen if you mix a specimen too vigorously?

A

Hemolysis.

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67
Q

A phlebotomist starts to perform a venipuncture. As the needle touches the skin, the patient moves his arm. The phlebotomist is startled and pulls the needle away from the arm. How should the phlebotomist proceed after apologizing to the patient?

A

Replace the needle, clean the site, warn the patient, and finish the draw.

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68
Q

Which needle gauge has the largest lumen?

A

18

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69
Q

If a venipuncture site is still bleeding after 5 minutes the phlebotomist should…

A

alert the patient’s nurse or other healthcare provider

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70
Q

Which additive is usually present in a tube with a lavender stopper?

A

EDTA

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71
Q

The solution normally used to clean the site before routine venipuncture is…

A

70% isopropanol

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72
Q

An unconscious patient is not wearing an ID band. There is an ID band taped to the patient’s IV pole with information that matches the requisition. What should the phlebotomist do?

A

Only draw the specimen after an ID band has been applied.

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73
Q

Doing which of the following during the vein selection process is bad for the specimen?

A

Allowing the patient to pump her fist.

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74
Q

What is the proper blood-to additive ratio for a light-tube collected for a coagulation test?

A

9:1

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75
Q

The purpose of an antiglycolytic agent is to…

A

Preserve glucose

76
Q

The patient is just finishing a big breakfast as the phlebotomist arrives to draw a fasting specimen. What should be phlebotomist do?

A

Check with the patient’s nurse to see if the specimen should still be collected.

77
Q

Which of the following is the job of a student phlebotomist?

A

Letting the patient know that you are a student phlebotomist.

78
Q

How can you tell that you are in a vein when using a needle and a syringe ?

A

You will normally see blood appear in the hub or the needle.

79
Q

What is the most important factor in choosing which gauge needle to use for venipuncture?

A

Size and Condition of the vein.

80
Q

What is the best way for a newly trained phlebotomist to handle a venipuncture on a patient with needle phobia?

A

Ask an experienced phlebotomist to do the draw.

81
Q

The phlebotomist has made two unsuccessful attempts to collect a fasting specimen from an outpatient. What should the phlebotomist do next?

A

Ask another phlebotomist to collect the specimen.

82
Q

The first step in the testing process begins when the ….

A

test is ordered by the healthcare provider.

83
Q

When using a winged infusion blood collection set, if the first tube is an additive tube, it is important to collect a few milliliters of blood into a nonadditive tube first to…..

A

maintain proper blood-to additive ratio.

84
Q

An additive tube should be mixed…

A

as soon as it is removed from the holder.

85
Q

Glass particles present in serum separator tubes….

A

enhance clotting.

86
Q

You must collect a routine hematology test, a coagulation test, and a STAT chemistry test. Which of the following are tubes you would most likely use, listed in the correct order of draw?

A

Light-blue top, Green-top, purple-top.

87
Q

An elderly patient arrives at an outpatient clinic for a blood draw. He is accompanied by his daughter who mentions that he is hard of hearing. HOw should the phlebotomist proceed?

A

Speak distinctly in a normal tone of voice.

88
Q

What is the most critical error a phlebotomist can make?

A

Misidentifying a patient specimen.

89
Q

A tourniquet used for venipuncture procedures should be…
applied 3 to 4 inches above the intended venipuncture
tight enough to slow venous flow but not affect arterial flow
snug or slightly tight, but not uncomfortable to the patient

A

All options are correct.

90
Q

Which instance most closely resembles basal state?
A patient who has just awakened at 0600 after fasting all night.
A patient who has been lying down for an hour.
A patient who has just arrived for a fasting blood test.
A patient who has worked all night but did not eat at work.

A

A patient who has just awakened at 0600 after fasting all night.

91
Q 
You most draw a promtime specimen from a patient with IVs in both arms. Which of the following is the best thing to do?
Draw the specimen above the IV.
Draw specimen below the IV.
Draw the specimen from an ankle vein.
Draw the specimen from the IV.
A

Draw the specimen below the IV.

92
Q

Which of the following is the BEST way to avoid reflux when drawing a blood specimen?

Full tubes from bottom up
Do not use overfill additive tubes
Use the correct order of draw
All options are correct

A

Fill tubes from bottom up.

93
Q 
Which of the following vascular access devices is placed in a peripheral vein for the purpose of blood collection and administration  of medication ?
Fistula
Heparin lock 
Implanted port
PICC
A

Heparin lock

94
Q

A fistula is a(n)…

A

Permanent fusion of an artery and vein.

95
Q

You have no choice but to draw a specimen from a site with a hematoma.Where should you obtain the specimen?

A

Distal to the hematoma.

96
Q

A tube fails to fill with blood during a venipuncture. Which of the following might lead you to think that the vein has collapsed l?

A

The vein disappears when you engage the tube

97
Q

Why do pregnant patients have lower reference ranges for red blood cell counts?

A

Body fluid increases in pregnancy,diluting red blood cells.

98
Q

Levels of which analyte can differ by 50% or more between morning and late afternoon?

A

Cortisol.

99
Q

It is not a good idea to collect a CBC specimen from a screaming from a screaming infant because the

A

white blood count may be falsely elevated.

100
Q

An arm that is paralyzed has

A

Lost muscle function

101
Q

If a patient is complaining of sharp radiating pain from the needle insertion site, the phlebotomist should

A

Immediately terminate venipuncture

102
Q

If blood is drawn too quickly from a small vein, the vein will have a tendency to ….

A

Collapse.

103
Q 
Which situation is the best way to tell that you may have accidentally punctured  an artery?
A hematoma starts to form.
The blood obtained is dark red.
The blood pulses into the tube.
There is no way to tell.
A

The blood pulses into the tube

104
Q

Tests influenced by diurnal variation are often ordered as __________ tests, and it is important to collect them as close as possible to the time order.

A

timed

105
Q

how long before obtaining blood for testing should drugs known to interfere with blood test be discontinued?

A

4-24 hours

106
Q

Prolonged tourniquet application may cause a change in blood composition primarily because of

A

hemoconcentration.

107
Q

A phlebotomist has attempted twice to draw a partial thromboplastin time (PTT) specimen from a patient with difficult veins .Both times the phlebotomist has been able to draw only a partial tube. What should the phlebotomist do?

A

Have another phlebotomist attempt to draw the specimen .

108
Q

When a test requires a fasting specimen, but the serum is _______,it is clue that the patient is not fasting.

A

lipemic

109
Q

Tattooed areas should be avoided because

Fresh tattoos sites may be more prone to infection
Tattoos can mask an adverse reaction to the draw
There could be an undetected infection in that area
All options are correct.

A

All options are correct.

110
Q

The creatinine rate decrease in elderly patients due to a normal decline in

A

Kidney function

111
Q

The purpose of wiping away the first drop of blood from skin puncture is to…

A

Eliminate tissue fluid contamination

112
Q

It is necessary to control depth of lancet insertion during capillary puncture to avoid

A

Injuring the heel bone.

113
Q

Why are EDTA SPECIMENS obtained before other specimens when collected by skin puncture?

A

To minimize the effect of platelet clumping

114
Q

Which of the following is the safest area for infant heel puncture?

A

Lateral plantar surface

115
Q

Capillary puncture blood most closely resembles

A

Arterial blood.

116
Q

If the alcohol is still wet when a capillary when a capillary puncture is made It can…

A

All options are correct.

117
Q

What is the purpose of warming the site before skin puncture?

A

It increase blood flow up to seven times.

118
Q

A laboratory report form should indicate when a specimen has been collected by

A

Some test result vary with specimen source

119
Q

Capillary puncture blood reference ranges are higher for what analytes

A

Glucose

120
Q

Which microtube would be used to collect a specimen for CBC?

A

Purple top.

121
Q

Capillary puncture is the preferred method of obtaining blood from infants because

A

All options are correct.

122
Q

What is PKU? .

A

A hereditary inability to metabolize phenylalanine

123
Q

Capillary punctures that are deeper than recommended are more painful because pain increase in abundance below

A

2.4 mm

124
Q

Where is the preferred capillary site?

A

middle finger.

125
Q

Why are capillary blood gasses less durable than ABGs

A

All options are correct.

126
Q

What is the CLSI recommended maximum depth of heel puncture?

A

2.0 mm

127
Q

Why should a lab report form indicate the fact that a specimen has been collected by capillary puncture?

A

Because test results can vary depending on method of collection

128
Q

What causes a microhematocrit tube to fill with blood?

A

Capillary action

129
Q

A capillary puncture should be done rather than a venipuncture in all of the following situations except when

A

a light blue top is needed.

130
Q

Which of the following scenarios represent correct capillary puncture technique

A

Puncturing perpendicular to fingerprint whorls

131
Q

What does the term “calcaneus” mean?

A

Heel bone.

132
Q

According to CLSI, _________is the recommended blood culture site skin disinfectant for infants 2 months and older.

A

Chlorhexidine gluconate

133
Q

Which of the following specimens needs to be chilled?

A

Ammonia

134
Q

Applications software called “middleware”…

A

Accepts data downloaded from POC instruments

135
Q

The process of entering a password and gaining access to a computer is called …

A

logging on.

136
Q

What is the recommended disinfectant for blood culture sites in infants 2 months and older?

A

Chlorhexidine gluconate

137
Q

Transporting blood specimens with the stopper up has nothing to do with…

A

Maintaining the sterility of the sample.

138
Q

Which of the following is used by the laboratory to identify a specimen through the testing process?

A

Accession number

139
Q

Critical values(test values that are consider life threatening) are also called

A

Panic values

140
Q

An autologous blood transfusion is a transfusion of blood

A

Donated by the patient for the patient

141
Q

_________ is the permanent computer memory that instructs the computer to carry out user requested operations.

A

ROM

142
Q

ARD or FAN blood culture bottles

A

Remove any antibiotics that are in the blood.

143
Q

TDM is used by physicians to

A

Determine a beneficial drug dosage for a patient.

144
Q

Use of one of the newer technologies,RFID, is emerging in healthcare as a

A

Method of specimen identification

145
Q

Of the following tests, which is MOST likely to result in fatal consequences if the patient is misidentified?

A

Type and crossmatch

146
Q

A pneumatic tube is a

A

Pressurized air transportation system

147
Q

Which test requires a specimen with 9:1 blood to anticoagulant?

A

Prothrombin time

148
Q

A barcode is a ….

A

Series of bars and spaces representing numbers or letters

149
Q

To prevent introducing a contaminating substance into a trace- element collection, it is suggested that the phlebotomist…

A

Draw it by itself using a syringe or evacuated tube system.

150
Q

Which on of the following tests could be collected using a tube other than a trace element-free tube?

A

Sodium

151
Q

The preferred sample for parentage testing is..

A

Buccal swab

152
Q

The accumulation of _____ in the blood can cause metabolic acidosis.

A

lactate

153
Q

Clinical and Laboratory Standards INstitute and Occupational Safety and Health Administration guidelines do NOT require specimen transport bags to have

A

shock-resistance features.

154
Q

When performing a GTT, the timing should begin…

A

as soon as the patient finishes the drink.

155
Q

Which statement describes proper centrifuge operation?

A

Place tubes of equal size and volume opposite one another for balance.

156
Q

Which test is used to monitor heparin therapy?

A

ACT

157
Q

Which of the following collection circumstances is LEAST likely to result in delayed clotting of a serum sample?

A

Collection was difficult, hemolyzing red cells.

158
Q

Which of the following specimens are least likely to require special handling?

A

Cholesterol and uric acid

159
Q

When collecting a blood culture specimens directly from a butterfly into blood culture bottles, which should be filled first?

A

aerobic

160
Q

Which of hte following would NOT be considered a preanalytical error?

A

Misreporting patient results

161
Q

According to CLSI, the maximum time limit for separating serum or plasma from cells is

A

2.0 hours from time of collection.

162
Q

Which of the following represents improper aliquot preparation?

A

Carefully pouring the contents into the aliquot tube.

163
Q

A blood smear from an EDTA specimen should be made

A

within 1 hour of collection.

164
Q

What type of specimens must be processed before routine specimens?

A

All options are correct.

165
Q

Which of the following is the best way to prepare routine blood specimen tubes for transportation to an offsite lab?

A

Seal the tubes in plastic bags

166
Q

For which condition is a unit of blood withdrawn from a patient as treatment…

A

hemochromatosis

167
Q

A 2-hour postprandial specimen should be drawn

A

2 hours after the patient finishes eating a meal

168
Q

Which specimen can be centrifuged immediately upon arrival in specimen processing?

A

Calcium in a green top tube

169
Q

Which test requires strict antisepsis procedure before specimen collection?

A

Blood culture.

170
Q

Which of these is a source of preanalytical error that occurs before specimen is collection?

A

Dehydrated patient

171
Q

A specimen would most likely be accepted for testing despite which of the following problems?

A

No phlebotomist initials.

172
Q

Which of the following activities is least likely to take place in central processing or triage?

A

analysis and reporting

173
Q

A noninvasive transcutaneous method is available to measure

A

neonatal bilirubin

174
Q

Which one of the following statements about autologous donations is NOT true?

A

Unused autologous units may be used by other patients

175
Q

The CAP requires QC for many waived tests to be performed…

A

when the test manufacturer specifies

176
Q

All POC glucose analyzers approved for hospitals use have which of the following in common?

A

All options are correct.

177
Q

The hormone detected in a positive urine pregnancy test is….

A

HCG

178
Q

An example of a preanalytical error happening during specimen processing is

A

inadequate centrifugation

179
Q

The most critical aspect of blood culture collection is

A

skin antisepsis

180
Q

All of the following are included in the DOT’s 10 Steps to Collection Site Security and Integrity EXPECT…

A

ensure that video monitoring equipment is working during specimen collection.

181
Q

Which organization develops standards for specimen handling and processing?

A

CLSI

182
Q

A chain of custody is…

A

a special protocol used when collecting forensic specimens

183
Q

What type of additive is recommended for collecting an ethanol test specimen?

A

Sodium fluoride.

184
Q

A test sample that is not recommended to be sent in a pneumatic tube is

A

serum potassium

185
Q

Which of hte following tubes can be used to collect blood for a type and crossmatch?

ETS gray top
PInk top
Royal blue top
Gel barrier

A

pink top.

Phlebotomy (6 decks)

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