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Minor Surgery > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Cut Into

A

Incise

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2
Q

Cut off

A

Excise

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3
Q

Clean away damaged or necrotic tissue

A

Debride

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4
Q

Substance that inhibits growth of organisms

A

Antiseptic

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5
Q

Agent that causes temporary loss of localized sensory function Phenol Coefficient: It is a measure of bacterial activity of a chemical compound in relation to phenol. When listen numerically, the figure expressing the disinfecting power of a substance by relating it to the disinfecting power of phenol may be a function of the standardized test performed.

A

Anesthetic

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6
Q

Each not of a suture

A

Throw

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7
Q

A boundry edge or boarder of a suture

A

Margin

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8
Q

Amount of tissue taken when placing a suture needle

A

Bite

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9
Q

Clean away damaged or necrotic tissue

A

Debridement

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10
Q

Types of Sterilization

A

Steam
Gas
Dry
Cold

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11
Q

Sterilization that kills both bacteria and spore by boiling water under pressure

A

Steam

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12
Q

What is the disadvantage of steam?

A

Dulls sharp instruments

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13
Q

What is the most effective method of sterilization?

A

Gas

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14
Q

What is the disadvantage of gas as a sterilizer?

A

Not cost effective and dangerous to humans.

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15
Q

What is the disadvantage to using heat as a sterilizer?

A

Does not kill all bacteria (spores), but can be used in emergency

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16
Q

What is the least effective method of sterilization?

A

Cold

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17
Q

What is the number one complication of minor surgery?

A

Anxiety.

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18
Q

What age group is the best candidate for minor surgery?

A

15-65 year olds

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19
Q

What body type are the fastest healers?

Slowest?

A

Fastest= Ectomorphs

Slowest= Endomorphs

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20
Q

What conditions cause a patient to be slower at healing?

A 
Diabetes
Low T
Hypothyroidism
Hemophelia
Anemia
Liver Dz
Estrogen Dominance
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21
Q

What pre surgery lab work bust be done in an elective surgery?

A 
(extrinsic pathway of coagulation)
Clotting time
CBC
UA
Prothrombin
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22
Q

What are the two types of local anesthesia techniques called?

A

Direct Infiltration

Field Block/Parallel Margin Infiltration

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23
Q

When is a Direct Infiltration technique most commonly used

A

With a laceration

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24
Q

When is a Field Block or Parallel Margin Infiltration used?

A

When the wound is dirty or contaminated (sebaceous cystectomy, lipomectomy, foreign body removal)

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25
Q

Definition of local anesthesia=

A

Interruption of sensory nerve conduction without subjecting the patient to unconciousness.

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26
Q

What body type is at greatest risk of healing complications?

A

Endomorph

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27
Q

When is greatest risk of infection?

A

Within first 72 hours post surgery. (especially 24)

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28
Q

What is the first line of defense?

A

Establish a proper sterile field for you, your instruments and your patient.

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29
Q

What is the most effective form of sterilization?

A

Gas, but also most expensive.

30
Q

How long do you use a steam auto calve and at what temperature?

What is its disadvantage?

A

13 min
120 C
750mmhg

Dull instruments

31
Q

How hot shoulder Dry Sterilization be?

Disadvantage

A

170c for 1 hour

Will NOT kill spores

32
Q

Can you use a razor to shave hairy areas of the body before surgery?

A

No, but back hair with scissors-except eyebrows

33
Q

What is the single most important technique that a doc should master with surgery?

A

Gloving

34
Q

What determines the strength or effectivness of an antiseptic?

A

“Phenol Coefficient”

Phenol very powerful when exceeding 80% (AKA Carbolic Acid)

35
Q

(T/F): Phenolated lotion of calamine is effective for itching and burning of dermatitis and insect bites?

A

True

36
Q

What is Silver Nitrate used for?

A

Warts, Excess tissue, Ulcers, Canker sores and cauterization of bleeders.

37
Q

(T/F) Alcohol can he used to sterilize equipment?

A

False- it is a poor antiseptic and should not be used to sterilize equipment.

38
Q

What is Zinc effective for?

A

Burns and most skin diseases

39
Q

What is best used for wound cleansing of the face?

A

PLURONIC F 68

40
Q

What is the difference between 1% anesthetic and 2% anesthetic?

A

1% will abolish pain but leave touch

2% will abolish all sensation. Much higher risk

41
Q

What is the max local anesthetic dose for chiropractors?

A

30cc

42
Q

Pros and Cons of Ester: Procaine (Novocain)

A

With or without epinepherine

Pros:
Very potent.
Long lasting (spinal blocks)

Cons:
High risk of toxic reaction
No use for chiropractic

43
Q

What is the most popular and frequently used local anesthetic?

A

Amide: LIDOCAINE (Xylocaine)

44
Q

Pros of Lidocaine

A

Low toxicity
Rapid diffusibility
Topical activity and chemical stability
Almost imediate onset.

45
Q

What should you be cautious of using Mepivacaine (carbocaine) Amide as a local anesthetic?

A

Though it DOESNT come with epinepherine, it is still slightly vasoconstrictive. Caution when using on distal end organs.

46
Q

Which anethetic does not require a needle stick?

What is its disadvantage?

A

TAC

Vasoconstrictive, no distal end organs.

47
Q

Which anesthetic is used as a spray to suppress the gag reflex

A

Cetacain (Rostra Spray)

48
Q

Which anesthetic is highly flammable and can be used as a pre-injectable or to lance furuncles and carbuncles?

A

Ethyl Chloride

49
Q

What are the 4 main toxic reactions which can occur with the introduction of local anethetics?

A

1) Cardiovascular
2) Hyper-excitability of NS-> seizures
3) Allergic Responses
4) Vasovagal syncope secondary to pain and anxiety

50
Q

Order of wound healing**

1-6

A

1) Immediate response
2) Inflammatory
3) Epithelialization
4) Neovascularization
5) Collagenation
6) Wound contraction

51
Q

Describe Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary Union

A

Primary: Clean wound, often with knife. Closed within 6 hours

Secondary: Dirty wound, tissue loss, wound heals by granulation and re-epithelialization

Tertiary: More than 12 hours old. Animal bite, or puncture wound. Antibiotic coverage needed

52
Q

What is the standard for a “Dirty Wound”-> prone to infection

A

5 hours

53
Q

How far does erythema have to extend beyond a wounds margin to suggest infection? **

A

1cm

54
Q

If a chronically ill person loses 20% of their BW, what does that do the the chances of infection.

A

3x increase

55
Q

Which types of suture serves well for hand surgery?

A

Horizontal Mattress

56
Q

Which suture might be best to avoid prominent suture marks

A

Subcuticular

57
Q

Degree’s of hemorrhoids

A

1st- No protrusion
2nd- protrusion, spontaneous reduction
3rd= Protrude with manual reduction
4th- Protrude, non-reducible

58
Q

Tearing, mangled wound

A

Laceration

59
Q

Cut into=

A

Incise

60
Q

Cutt off=

A

Excise

61
Q

Clean away damaged wound=

A

Debride

62
Q

Substance that inhibits growth of organism. Prevent the invasion of the body by bacteria

A

Antiseptic

63
Q

Agent which causes temporary loss of localized sensory function

A

Anesthetic

64
Q

Determines the strength or effectivness of an antiseptic

A

Phenol Coefficient

65
Q

An agent that kills microorganisms or inhibits growth=

A

Antimicrobial

66
Q

Each not of a suture=

A

Throw

67
Q

Topical anesthetic that is effective on mucus membranes and can be used to stop gag reflex.

A

Cetacaine (rostra spray)

68
Q

Gage used for venipunctures

Gage used for joint aspirations

A

21=venipuncture

18= joint aspirations

69
Q

Which wound cleaning solution is a teratogenic?

A

Hexachlorophene

70
Q

Which wound cleaning solution is best for face

A

Pluronic F 68 (also has antimicrobial properties)

71
Q

What skin lesions can DCs remove?

A 
Keloid
Lipoma
Sebaceous cyst
Verrucae Vulgaris
Papilloma
Cutaneous horn
72
Q

Which skin lesion treatment is most common for removal of skin lesions

Which is best for viral warts

A

Electrocautery

Liquid Nitrogen

Minor Surgery (2 decks)

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