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Phys Dys Practicum > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

__________ is usually the primary cause for denials of payment

A

Improper coding

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2
Q

What does CPT stand for?

A

Current Procedural Terminology

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3
Q

Both ends are connected to an immobile framework

A

Closed chain activity

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4
Q

3 shoulder subluxation patterns

A

Inferior subluxation, anterior inferior subluxation, superior subluxation

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5
Q

Inferior subluxation is common in _________ arm and measured by ____________

A

a flaccid, finger width

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6
Q

Common with a flaccid arm, humeral head is inferior and anterior to glenoid fossa with internal rotation, scapula in downward rotation, elbow flexed due to stretch on biceps tendon

A

Anterior inferior subluxation of shoulder

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7
Q

Type of subluxation common for patients with more motor return due to abnormal firing, results in scapular elevation, humeral abduction, internal rotation, humeral head shifts above glenoid fossa and positioned under acromion process, slight distraction of joint inferiorly with ROM may assist

A

Superior subluxation

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8
Q

Subluxation interventions

A

Positioning, sling, kinesiotaping, functional e-stim, facilitation, ROM, strengthening

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9
Q

Disease-causing microorganisms that may be present in human blood

A

Bloodborne pathogens

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10
Q

2 significant bloodborne pathogens

A

Hepatitis B virus, HIV

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11
Q

Causes illness directly affecting liver, major cause of viral hepatitis, prevention possible through immunization

A

Hepatitis B infection

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12
Q

Virus that affects immune system T4 blood cells in humans and renders them less effective in preventing disease

A

HIV

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13
Q

Spread from one person to another via air, leading cause of death in those infected with AIDS

A

TB

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14
Q

Hot packs indication

A

I: pain reduction, reduction of muscle guarding, increase blood flow, improve extensibility of superficial soft tissue, provide analgesic effects

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15
Q

Use to increase nerve conduction, reduce muscle spasms, provide relaxation, increase blood flow and tissue extensibility

A

Heat pack

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16
Q

Heat advantages

A

Penetrates up to 3cm, weight of hot pack can aid in elongation of tissue

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17
Q

How many layers of toweling with heat?

A

10-15

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18
Q

Time duration heat

A

10-20 mins

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19
Q

Hotpack temp

A

100-168

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20
Q

Used to effectively reduce joint effusion, pain, inflammation, muscle spasms/spasticity, edema

A

Cryotherapy (cold)

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21
Q

Precautions cold

A

Thermoregulatory problems, hypersensitivity to cold, impaired circulation, crush injuries, children under 6

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22
Q

Heat packs contraindication

A

Con: Impaired circulation, decreased sensation, non-inflammatory edema, child under age 6, acute inflammation, existing fever, malignancies, acute hemorrhage, peripheral vascular disease, radiation, local infections, derm conditions

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23
Q

Heat pack cuaitons

A

Caution: Pt should only experience mild to moderate heat, great caution is used in patients with known peripheral nerve involvement

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24
Q

Advantages of cold

A

Causes vasoconstriction of superficial blood vessels, causes decrease in local blood flow, tissue temp changes affect 1-4cm, overuse of cold can increase edema, cold may lessen pain sensation by stimulating thermal receptors, decreases spasticity through decreased muscle spindle activity

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25
Q

Cold indications

A

Pain, inflammation, facilitate muscle action, sprains/strains, edema, muscle spasm

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26
Q

Cold contraindications

A

Cold hives, cryoglobulinemia, raynaud’s disease, tissue replants

27
Q

How long is cold applied?

A

10-20 mins

28
Q

4 responses to cold

A

Cold, burning, aching, numbness (5-10 mins to achieve)

29
Q

Use of heat and cold to cause vasodilation and vasoconstriction in the treated tissues, used to alleviate pain, stiffness, swelling

A

Contrast bath

30
Q

Contrast bath indication

A

Pain control, edema, inflammation, facilitate muscle action, strains/sprains, muscle spasms, joint effusion, increases tissue extensibility with less edema

31
Q

Contrast bath contrindiciation

A

Raynaud’s syndrome

32
Q

Contrast bath precautions

A

Hypersensitivity to cold, hypertension, replants or crush injuries, open wounds

33
Q

Provides therapeutic deep heat in treatment of pain relief, muscle spasms, joint contracting, scare tissue restrictions

A

Ultrasound

34
Q

Conditions common with ultrasound

A

adhesive capsulitis, brusitis, soft tissue injuries

35
Q

Ultrasound contraindications

A

over malignancy, reproductive organs, acute infection, pregnant uterus, DVT, within 6cm of pacemaker, healing fracture, implanted pain stimulator, extremities with ischemic tissue, arterial disease, epiphyses of immature children, an anesthetized area

36
Q

Precautions ultrasound

A

Acute conditions of bursitis and tendonitis (could make inflammation worse), over SC after laminectomy, patients with tendency toward hemorrhaging, on joint replacements, on replacements and grafts, over area of reduced sensation

37
Q

Introduction of topically applied, physiologically water soluble active ions to the epidermis of body for therapeutic purposes by use of continuous direct current

A

Iontophoresis

38
Q

What is iontophoresis used for?

A

Treatment of acute and subacture inflammation of musculoskeletal tissues including bursitis, tendonitis, tenosynovitis, epicondylitis

39
Q

Contraindications for iontophoresis

A

Electrically sensitive patients (pacemaker), overdamaged skin, across temporal regions, known sensitivity to drugs included, over heart can’t use

40
Q

Precautions ionto

A

sensory or vascular impairments, patients who can’t communicate, thin or fragile skin

41
Q

Used to temporarily reduce spasticity, facilitate muscle control, re-educate muscle function, and serve as an orthotic substitution

A

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation

42
Q

E-stim used when?

A

Prevention or retardation of disuse atrophy, increase local blood circulation, maintaining or increasing ROM, edema management

43
Q

E-stim contraindications

A

Patient with pacemaker, transcerebral or carotid sinus placement, over tumors, undiagnosed pain

44
Q

Precautions E-stim

A

History or potential for hemorrhage, menstruation over abdomen, post-surgery, sensory nerve damage or loss of normal skin sensation, seizure disorders

45
Q

Types of mechanical modalities

A

Vasopnematic devices, continuous passive motion, biofeedback, traction

46
Q

Indications for mechanical modalities

A

Prevent DVT, promote circulation, promote healing

47
Q

Contraindications for mechanical devices

A

Acute injury where pressure can cause further damage, phlebitis or DVT, active inflammation, open wounds, infection

48
Q

Removes fluid and waste products from system

A

Lymphatic system

49
Q

Lymphatic fluid is _____ rich

A

Protein

50
Q

Lymphatic system made up of?

A

Vessels and lymph nodes

51
Q

4 locations of lymph nodes

A

Neck, armpits, groin, behind knees

52
Q

Lymph fluid looks like what?

A

Clear and odorless

53
Q

Abnormal accumulation of water and proteins in the subcutaneous tissue

A

Lymphedema

54
Q

Occurs when there is a normal transport capacity but lymphatic load is increased. Ex: TKA

A

Post-trauma edema

55
Q

Congenital deformity of lymphatic system, onset may occur at birth, with hormonal changes, or after trauma, most commonly seen in LEs

A

Primary lymphedema

56
Q

Follows insult to the lymphatic system- surgery, radiation, infection, obesity, immobility

A

Secondary lymphedema

57
Q

4 stages of lymphedema

A

0 latency, 1 reversible, 2 lymphostatic fibrosis, 3 lymphostatic elephantiasis

58
Q

Stage with no swelling, normal tissue

A

Latency 0

59
Q

Stage with pitting, soft edema, no tissue changes, elevation reduces swelling

A

Reversible 1

60
Q

Stage with hardening of tissue, frequent infections

A

Lymphostatic fibrosis 2

61
Q

Stage with extreme increase in volume and tissue texture with typical skin changes

A

Lymphostatic elephantiasis 3

62
Q

Presents as symmetrical swelling, DOES NOT INCLUDE FEET, look large in hips, butt, legs, may include upper arms, AKA painful fat syndrome, obesity is most common complication

A

Lipidema

63
Q

Lympedema treatment contraindications

A

Cardiac edema, renal failure, acute infections- cellulitis, acute bronchitis, acute DVT, malignancies, bronchial asthma

Phys Dys Practicum (2 decks)

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