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Final Flashcards

1
Q

Increasing a surface area that contacts the critical areas of a bite registration adds to that accuracy.

A

False

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2
Q

Should stained sclerotic dentin be removed if it is at the cavosurface?

A

Yes

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3
Q

Can salivary glands be stimulated by a painful stimulus?

A

Yes

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4
Q

How many variables define color?

A

Three

Hue,Chroma and Value

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5
Q

If you look away and then back at a tooth and have trouble matching the color, what can you use as a guide?

A

The cervical third of the unrestored canine will give you the right hue

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6
Q

Roughness/surface texture of intaglio surface of restoration does what to retention?

A

Roughness increases retention

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7
Q

What are the 2 parameters that most crown and bridge cements are measured? How do they affect the cement?

A

Compressive strength, modulus of elasticity
Compressive strength goes up, cement is more retentive
Increases modulus of elasticity, increases retention

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8
Q

For a ferrule to be most effective, how tall should it be?

A

2mm is ideal

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9
Q

What are the three types of cements used in dentistry in order from strongest to weakest?

A

Strongest: Adhesive > Esthetic > Self Adhesive

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10
Q

With a dual cure esthetic resin cement (cure on its own), does light activation enhance the properties of the set cement at all?

A

Yes! Hit it with the light from all directions and make sure you get a deep cure.

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11
Q

Which stone expands the very least?

A

Mounting stone type 1

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12
Q

Minimum number of occluding units to have decent function? Opposing premolars count as how many occluding units? Opposing molars count as how many occluding units?

A

3, 1, 2

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13
Q

What are contraindications for a shortened arch?

A

Active periodontal diseases
Under age 40
Problems with TMJ or muscles of mastication
Parafunctional habits
Severe class one or class to occlusal relationship

If you’re missing all occluding units on one side, this can cause issues (for example, if you didn’t have premolars or molars on one side)

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14
Q

Glass ionomer cement is more or less soluble than resin cement and zinc phosphate?

A

More soluble than resin
Less soluble than zinc phosphate
Solubility: Zinc phosphate > Glass Ionomer > Resin
*the better you finish your margins, and the closer they adapt, the less likely your cement will dissolve

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15
Q

What is the difference between RelyX luting plus and RelyX Unicem?

A

RelyX Unicem: Self Adhesive Resin Cement
RelyX Luting Plus: Resin modified glass ionomer
Either one can be used to cement a zirconia crown

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16
Q

What is the problem with excursive contacts on the inclines of posterior teeth?

A

Causes off-axis loading
Increase tendency for clenching, bruxing, grinding, etc because it increases muscle activity.
Create a centrum type contact to avoid the excursive contacts

  • Cusp tip to flat receiving area!
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17
Q

What are the benefits of a well-made custom tray?

A

Better impression
Less material
Less bulk of material and closer adaptation will improve accuracy of PVS
Higher tear strength

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18
Q

Do posterior or anterior teeth have proprioception?

A

Posterior teeth only

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19
Q

When bonding zirconia, why should you be cautious?

A

Retrievability is poor (too strong of a bond)
Use resistance and retention (cement/luting→ fills space between crown and tooth, no actual chemical bond)
You can go ahead and bond emax

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20
Q

How do parallel posts and taper posts transfer stress differently?

A

Parallel: stress is near apex
Tapered: stress is coronal

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21
Q

Posts and buildups - what 2 factors determines the longevity of the restoration more than any other factors?

A

Coronal tooth structure remaining

Occlusal prosthetic design of restoration (directs forces axially)

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22
Q

Is pulp chamber ok to anchor tooth?

A

Yes, better than a post

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23
Q

When removing existing crown:

A

Section it in half

Insert crown splitter to pry them off

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24
Q

Is silver a noble metal?

A

No

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25
Ideal metal lingual clearance
No less than 1mm
26
Minimum thickness of metal for PFM
0.3mm
27
Why is full coverage crown more retentive than partial
All axial walls are involved
28
What is the purpose of the non-functional cusp bevel? | What are its dimensions?
Gets rid of that acute angle | 0.3-0.7 mm wide
29
True or False: If you increase surface area of prep, it increase resistance and retention?
False. Resistance is not always increase (think vertical hight of axial wall being short on a very wide tooth Retention is always increased with an increase of surface area
30
When bonding high noble metals with c&b metabond, how do you treat the metal?
Plate it with tin
31
What does the occlusal offset do in the ⅞ crown?
Staple effect--increases resistance and retention by connecting two grooves with offset Increases bulk of material, which increases strength of the casting
32
When porcelain is fired and then cooled does it expand or contract?
Contracts | PFMs - ceramic can pull and distort the metal creating margin discrepancies
33
Ideal marginal gap:
10 microns
34
To determine value - if you've chosen a shade and the shade chosen based on value has a higher value than other methods, what might your consideration be for the other method used?
Easier to decrease value for the lab so choose a higher value
35
Using the vita classic shade guide, what is the order in determining the 3 color parameters
Hue, chroma, value
36
What chroma should the background colors in your office be (for shade-matching)?
Chroma of 4 or less (pastels)
37
To determine value what is the process?
Squint until you see the object that disappears last (highest value disappears last)
38
Which of the following veneer designs is contraindicated
B-facial butt margin on a lower anterior incisor
39
Know how to use silicon putty reduction guides
Clinically, make it off of a wax-up
40
Why would you not use a RMGI cement on a post?
Expansion
41
What is the most durable post and core method?
Bonded cast post and core | Downside: Failure is catastrophic
42
What is the minimum amount of enamel for posterior ceramic onlay bonding
2 surfaces
43
The best choice for a build up material if you’re concerned about moisture contamination is what?
Amalgam without zinc
44
What does copper do in amalgams
Gets rid of gamma 2 phase (which weakens amalgam)
45
What are some absolute basics of occlusion
Stay off inclines (directs forces axially)
46
What is anti-deformation form?
Prevents dislodgement of restoration due to permanent deformation (bending) of restoration during function. factors that influence anti-deformation form include the type of alloy, appropriate tooth reduction and margin design
47
What are some of the advantages to partial coverage vs. full coverage
Conserve tooth structure esthetics Marginal accessibility for eval and finishing
48
Probanthine/Atropine?
Anti-sialogogue | Don’t use on patients with Glaucoma
49
What will prevent full seating
Something on prepared tooth Something on intag surface Too viscous of cement Not holding in place properly
50
With electrosurgery, if sparking occurs, what do you do?
Turn the current down
51
What are hemostatic agents we use?
Viscostat clear ingredient: aluminum chloride Astringedent: ferric sulfate Epinephrine
52
True or False Hydrophobic material has a low contact angle
False
53
Why do we avoid pier abutments?
Fulcrum | Loosens terminal end
54
Ideal placement for the margin of a full coverage crown (with respect to gingiva)
1-2mm supragingivally
55
What are the of the limitations triple tray?
Don't get full arch No end to end or excursive movements Not more than 2 crowns or fixed bridge per triple tray Canines can be done but ONLY if you give the shape of the tooth to the lab??
56
polyethyl methacrylate (aka snap or PEMA) can be good temps...what are the advantages and disadvantages?
Called Jet or Unifast Advantage: Fracture toughness and easy to add to Disadvantage: Less esthetic Light cure, powder liquid mix
57
What is the problem with one of the impression materials beginning at set phase when inserting?
Polymerization is taking place | Memory development…..will get some rebound
58
When fitting a crown, what is the 1st thing you should check?
Proximal contacts
59
What is the self adhesive cement that is used in clinic? What type of acid does it contain?
Self adhesive that we use: RelyX unicem (has etch in it - phosphoric acid!)
60
When might a dentist choose to use esthetic cements?
Esthetic cements are for veneers and ceramic onlays (esthetic restorations)
61
When might a dentist use an adhesive cement?
Adhesive cements are saved for bonding things with bad retention/resistance.
62
Types 4 and 5 die stone is very hard. Which one expands more and how can this be useful for die stone
Type 5 expands more than 4 and this can be useful to compensate for the shrinkage of some metals
63
What type of impression material should you wait to pour up with stone? Why
Have to wait to pour up PVS impressions because of off-gassing
64
What impression material tastes bad?
Gross taste→ polyether. We don't use it in our clinic
65
What are the basic preparation clearances for a gold crown?
Functional cusp: 1.5 to 2.0 mm Nonfunctional cusp: 1.0 to 1.5 mm Axial reduction: 0.5 mm
66
What are the basic preparation clearances for a PFM?
Functional cusp: 2.0 to 2.5 mm Nonfunctional cusp: 2.0 to 2.5 mm Axial reduction: 1.2 to 1.7 mm
67
What are the basic preparation clearances for a partial all ceramic posterior crown?
Functional cusp: 2.0 to 2.5 mm Nonfunctional cusp: 2.0 to 2.5 mm Axial reduction: 1.3 mm
68
What are the basic preparation clearances for a zirconia anterior crown?
Incisal: 2.0 to 2.5 mm Lingual concavity 1.0 to 1.5 Axial reduction: 0.5 to 1.0 mm
69
What are the basic preparation clearances for an all ceramic crown (lithium disilicate) anterior crown?
Incisal: 2.0 to 2.5 mm Lingual concavity 1.5 to 1.7 mm Axial reduction: 1.0 to 1.2 mm
70
What is metamerism
Color perception changes with different light
71
Does polyether have a high or a low contact angle compared to PVS
Polyether has a high contact angle compared to PVS
72
Other than a sanitary/hygienic pontics, what is the shape of the gingival surface of a pontic
The shape we use for pontics is convex in every direction Prevents plaque trap Modified ridge lap may have some concavity sometimes
73
Liners
Think coat of less than 0.5 mm Chemical barrier to irritants No thermal protection Not hard enough to be used alone in a deep cavity
74
Build-ups
``` Can be considered a dentin substitute Generally thicker than a liner Barrier to thermal change Barrier to chemical irritants Can be shaped and contoured (build ideal prep) ```
75
Varnishes
Thicker than a liner, thinner than a buildup
76
Things that increase retention
``` More parallel taper Larger surface area Complete crown vs partial coverage crown Rough intaglio surface area Luting agent (adhesive resin the strongest and ZOE the weakest ```
77
Things that increase resistance
Smaller diameter of tooth (premolar vs molar) Longer height of tooth More parallel taper Complete crown vs partial coverage crown Luting agent (adhesive resin the strongest and ZOE the weakest
78
Zinc Phosphate Cement
``` In the past it was the Gold Standard Cement Inexpensive Excellent Compressive Strength Acidity can be irritating to the pulp Moderate solubility when mixed correctly ``` Solubility: Zinc phosphate > Glass Ionomer > Resin
79
Polycarboxylate Cement
Kind to pulp Quite soluble Intermediate strength Not technique sensitive Weak chelation bonds to enamel and dentin Acidic (Large acidic molecules cannot get into dentin tubules) Fluoride Release
80
Glass Ionomer Cement
``` Sustained fluoride release Weak dentin bond TOOTH SENSITIVITY Keep tooth moist prior to cementation DO NOT OVERDRY ```
81
Drawback of non-eugenol cement
Sensitivity
82
Mechanical Considerations
Retention form, resistance form and anti-deformation form
83
Biologic Considerations
``` Conservation of tooth structure Avoid overcontouring Supragingival margins Harmonious occlusion Protection against tooth fracture ```
84
Esthetic Considerations
Minimum display of metal Maximum thickness of porcelain Porcelain occlusal surfaces Subgingival margins
85
What cement comes from silicate glass and phosphoric acid?
Silicate cement
86
What cement comes from silicate glass and poly acrylic acid?
Glass ionomer cement
87
What do you get when you add zinc oxide with eugenol
ZOE
88
What do you get when you add zinc oxide with phosphoric acid?
Zinc phosphate
89
What do you get when you add zinc oxide with phosphoric acid?
Zinc phosphate
90
What do you get when you add ZOE+ acrylic powder and eugenol
Intermediate restorative material (IRM or reinforced ZOE)
91
T/F When dealing with alginate, the sol phase comes before the gel phase
True

Fixed Prosth II (1 decks)

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