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Fixed Prosth II > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Increasing a surface area that contacts the critical areas of a bite registration adds to that accuracy.

A

False

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2
Q

Should stained sclerotic dentin be removed if it is at the cavosurface?

A

Yes

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3
Q

Can salivary glands be stimulated by a painful stimulus?

A

Yes

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4
Q

How many variables define color?

A

Three

Hue,Chroma and Value

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5
Q

If you look away and then back at a tooth and have trouble matching the color, what can you use as a guide?

A

The cervical third of the unrestored canine will give you the right hue

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6
Q

Roughness/surface texture of intaglio surface of restoration does what to retention?

A

Roughness increases retention

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7
Q

What are the 2 parameters that most crown and bridge cements are measured? How do they affect the cement?

A

Compressive strength, modulus of elasticity
Compressive strength goes up, cement is more retentive
Increases modulus of elasticity, increases retention

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8
Q

For a ferrule to be most effective, how tall should it be?

A

2mm is ideal

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9
Q

What are the three types of cements used in dentistry in order from strongest to weakest?

A

Strongest: Adhesive > Esthetic > Self Adhesive

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10
Q

With a dual cure esthetic resin cement (cure on its own), does light activation enhance the properties of the set cement at all?

A

Yes! Hit it with the light from all directions and make sure you get a deep cure.

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11
Q

Which stone expands the very least?

A

Mounting stone type 1

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12
Q

Minimum number of occluding units to have decent function? Opposing premolars count as how many occluding units? Opposing molars count as how many occluding units?

A

3, 1, 2

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13
Q

What are contraindications for a shortened arch?

A

Active periodontal diseases
Under age 40
Problems with TMJ or muscles of mastication
Parafunctional habits
Severe class one or class to occlusal relationship

If you’re missing all occluding units on one side, this can cause issues (for example, if you didn’t have premolars or molars on one side)

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14
Q

Glass ionomer cement is more or less soluble than resin cement and zinc phosphate?

A

More soluble than resin
Less soluble than zinc phosphate
Solubility: Zinc phosphate > Glass Ionomer > Resin
*the better you finish your margins, and the closer they adapt, the less likely your cement will dissolve

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15
Q

What is the difference between RelyX luting plus and RelyX Unicem?

A

RelyX Unicem: Self Adhesive Resin Cement
RelyX Luting Plus: Resin modified glass ionomer
Either one can be used to cement a zirconia crown

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16
Q

What is the problem with excursive contacts on the inclines of posterior teeth?

A

Causes off-axis loading
Increase tendency for clenching, bruxing, grinding, etc because it increases muscle activity.
Create a centrum type contact to avoid the excursive contacts

  • Cusp tip to flat receiving area!
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17
Q

What are the benefits of a well-made custom tray?

A

Better impression
Less material
Less bulk of material and closer adaptation will improve accuracy of PVS
Higher tear strength

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18
Q

Do posterior or anterior teeth have proprioception?

A

Posterior teeth only

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19
Q

When bonding zirconia, why should you be cautious?

A

Retrievability is poor (too strong of a bond)
Use resistance and retention (cement/luting→ fills space between crown and tooth, no actual chemical bond)
You can go ahead and bond emax

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20
Q

How do parallel posts and taper posts transfer stress differently?

A

Parallel: stress is near apex
Tapered: stress is coronal

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21
Q

Posts and buildups - what 2 factors determines the longevity of the restoration more than any other factors?

A

Coronal tooth structure remaining

Occlusal prosthetic design of restoration (directs forces axially)

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22
Q

Is pulp chamber ok to anchor tooth?

A

Yes, better than a post

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23
Q

When removing existing crown:

A

Section it in half

Insert crown splitter to pry them off

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24
Q

Is silver a noble metal?

A

No

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25
Q

Ideal metal lingual clearance

A

No less than 1mm

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26
Q

Minimum thickness of metal for PFM

A

0.3mm

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27
Q

Why is full coverage crown more retentive than partial

A

All axial walls are involved

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28
Q

What is the purpose of the non-functional cusp bevel?

What are its dimensions?

A

Gets rid of that acute angle

0.3-0.7 mm wide

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29
Q

True or False: If you increase surface area of prep, it increase resistance and retention?

A

False. Resistance is not always increase (think vertical hight of axial wall being short on a very wide tooth

Retention is always increased with an increase of surface area

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30
Q

When bonding high noble metals with c&b metabond, how do you treat the metal?

A

Plate it with tin

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31
Q

What does the occlusal offset do in the ⅞ crown?

A

Staple effect–increases resistance and retention by connecting two grooves with offset

Increases bulk of material, which increases strength of the casting

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32
Q

When porcelain is fired and then cooled does it expand or contract?

A

Contracts

PFMs - ceramic can pull and distort the metal creating margin discrepancies

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33
Q

Ideal marginal gap:

A

10 microns

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34
Q

To determine value - if you’ve chosen a shade and the shade chosen based on value has a higher value than other methods, what might your consideration be for the other method used?

A

Easier to decrease value for the lab so choose a higher value

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35
Q

Using the vita classic shade guide, what is the order in determining the 3 color parameters

A

Hue, chroma, value

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36
Q

What chroma should the background colors in your office be (for shade-matching)?

A

Chroma of 4 or less (pastels)

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37
Q

To determine value what is the process?

A

Squint until you see the object that disappears last (highest value disappears last)

38
Q

Which of the following veneer designs is contraindicated

A

B-facial butt margin on a lower anterior incisor

39
Q

Know how to use silicon putty reduction guides

A

Clinically, make it off of a wax-up

40
Q

Why would you not use a RMGI cement on a post?

A

Expansion

41
Q

What is the most durable post and core method?

A

Bonded cast post and core

Downside: Failure is catastrophic

42
Q

What is the minimum amount of enamel for posterior ceramic onlay bonding

A

2 surfaces

43
Q

The best choice for a build up material if you’re concerned about moisture contamination is what?

A

Amalgam without zinc

44
Q

What does copper do in amalgams

A

Gets rid of gamma 2 phase (which weakens amalgam)

45
Q

What are some absolute basics of occlusion

A

Stay off inclines (directs forces axially)

46
Q

What is anti-deformation form?

A

Prevents dislodgement of restoration due to permanent deformation (bending) of restoration during function.

factors that influence anti-deformation form include the type of alloy, appropriate tooth reduction and margin design

47
Q

What are some of the advantages to partial coverage vs. full coverage

A

Conserve tooth structure
esthetics
Marginal accessibility for eval and finishing

48
Q

Probanthine/Atropine?

A

Anti-sialogogue

Don’t use on patients with Glaucoma

49
Q

What will prevent full seating

A

Something on prepared tooth
Something on intag surface
Too viscous of cement
Not holding in place properly

50
Q

With electrosurgery, if sparking occurs, what do you do?

A

Turn the current down

51
Q

What are hemostatic agents we use?

A

Viscostat clear ingredient: aluminum chloride
Astringedent: ferric sulfate
Epinephrine

52
Q

True or False Hydrophobic material has a low contact angle

A

False

53
Q

Why do we avoid pier abutments?

A

Fulcrum

Loosens terminal end

54
Q

Ideal placement for the margin of a full coverage crown (with respect to gingiva)

A

1-2mm supragingivally

55
Q

What are the of the limitations triple tray?

A

Don’t get full arch

No end to end or excursive movements

Not more than 2 crowns or fixed bridge per triple tray

Canines can be done but ONLY if you give the shape of the tooth to the lab??

56
Q

polyethyl methacrylate (aka snap or PEMA) can be good temps…what are the advantages and disadvantages?

A

Called Jet or Unifast

Advantage: Fracture toughness and easy to add to

Disadvantage: Less esthetic
Light cure, powder liquid mix

57
Q

What is the problem with one of the impression materials beginning at set phase when inserting?

A

Polymerization is taking place

Memory development…..will get some rebound

58
Q

When fitting a crown, what is the 1st thing you should check?

A

Proximal contacts

59
Q

What is the self adhesive cement that is used in clinic? What type of acid does it contain?

A

Self adhesive that we use: RelyX unicem (has etch in it - phosphoric acid!)

60
Q

When might a dentist choose to use esthetic cements?

A

Esthetic cements are for veneers and ceramic onlays (esthetic restorations)

61
Q

When might a dentist use an adhesive cement?

A

Adhesive cements are saved for bonding things with bad retention/resistance.

62
Q

Types 4 and 5 die stone is very hard. Which one expands more and how can this be useful for die stone

A

Type 5 expands more than 4 and this can be useful to compensate for the shrinkage of some metals

63
Q

What type of impression material should you wait to pour up with stone? Why

A

Have to wait to pour up PVS impressions because of off-gassing

64
Q

What impression material tastes bad?

A

Gross taste→ polyether. We don’t use it in our clinic

65
Q

What are the basic preparation clearances for a gold crown?

A

Functional cusp: 1.5 to 2.0 mm
Nonfunctional cusp: 1.0 to 1.5 mm
Axial reduction: 0.5 mm

66
Q

What are the basic preparation clearances for a PFM?

A

Functional cusp: 2.0 to 2.5 mm
Nonfunctional cusp: 2.0 to 2.5 mm
Axial reduction: 1.2 to 1.7 mm

67
Q

What are the basic preparation clearances for a partial all ceramic posterior crown?

A

Functional cusp: 2.0 to 2.5 mm
Nonfunctional cusp: 2.0 to 2.5 mm
Axial reduction: 1.3 mm

68
Q

What are the basic preparation clearances for a zirconia anterior crown?

A

Incisal: 2.0 to 2.5 mm
Lingual concavity 1.0 to 1.5
Axial reduction: 0.5 to 1.0 mm

69
Q

What are the basic preparation clearances for an all ceramic crown (lithium disilicate) anterior crown?

A

Incisal: 2.0 to 2.5 mm
Lingual concavity 1.5 to 1.7 mm
Axial reduction: 1.0 to 1.2 mm

70
Q

What is metamerism

A

Color perception changes with different light

71
Q

Does polyether have a high or a low contact angle compared to PVS

A

Polyether has a high contact angle compared to PVS

72
Q

Other than a sanitary/hygienic pontics, what is the shape of the gingival surface of a pontic

A

The shape we use for pontics is convex in every direction

Prevents plaque trap

Modified ridge lap may have some concavity sometimes

73
Q

Liners

A

Think coat of less than 0.5 mm
Chemical barrier to irritants
No thermal protection
Not hard enough to be used alone in a deep cavity

74
Q

Build-ups

A 
Can be considered a dentin substitute
Generally thicker than a liner
Barrier to thermal change
Barrier to chemical irritants
Can be shaped and contoured (build ideal prep)
75
Q

Varnishes

A

Thicker than a liner, thinner than a buildup

76
Q

Things that increase retention

A 
More parallel taper
Larger surface area
Complete crown vs partial coverage crown
Rough intaglio surface area
Luting agent (adhesive resin the strongest and ZOE the weakest
77
Q

Things that increase resistance

A

Smaller diameter of tooth (premolar vs molar)
Longer height of tooth
More parallel taper
Complete crown vs partial coverage crown
Luting agent (adhesive resin the strongest and ZOE the weakest

78
Q

Zinc Phosphate Cement

A 
In the past it was the Gold Standard Cement
Inexpensive
Excellent Compressive Strength
Acidity can be irritating to the pulp
Moderate solubility when mixed correctly

Solubility: Zinc phosphate > Glass Ionomer > Resin

79
Q

Polycarboxylate Cement

A

Kind to pulp
Quite soluble
Intermediate strength
Not technique sensitive
Weak chelation bonds to enamel and dentin
Acidic (Large acidic molecules cannot get into dentin tubules)
Fluoride Release

80
Q

Glass Ionomer Cement

A 
Sustained fluoride release
Weak dentin bond
TOOTH SENSITIVITY
Keep tooth moist prior to cementation
DO NOT OVERDRY
81
Q

Drawback of non-eugenol cement

A

Sensitivity

82
Q

Mechanical Considerations

A

Retention form, resistance form and anti-deformation form

83
Q

Biologic Considerations

A 
Conservation of tooth structure
Avoid overcontouring
Supragingival margins
Harmonious occlusion
Protection against tooth fracture
84
Q

Esthetic Considerations

A

Minimum display of metal
Maximum thickness of porcelain
Porcelain occlusal surfaces
Subgingival margins

85
Q

What cement comes from silicate glass and phosphoric acid?

A

Silicate cement

86
Q

What cement comes from silicate glass and poly acrylic acid?

A

Glass ionomer cement

87
Q

What do you get when you add zinc oxide with eugenol

A

ZOE

88
Q

What do you get when you add zinc oxide with phosphoric acid?

A

Zinc phosphate

89
Q

What do you get when you add zinc oxide with phosphoric acid?

A

Zinc phosphate

90
Q

What do you get when you add ZOE+ acrylic powder and eugenol

A

Intermediate restorative material (IRM or reinforced ZOE)

91
Q

T/F When dealing with alginate, the sol phase comes before the gel phase

A

True

Fixed Prosth II (1 decks)

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