Final Flashcards
1
Q
The Cardiff Giant
A
- ‘discovered’ in 1869 by Stub Newell in upstate New York
- 10 ft tall stone ‘man’ petrified
- financial boon, jump in tourism
- rumours Stub Newell was bragging about the hoax
- scientific community questioned validity
- J.R. Bottom determined it was made out of soft gypsum and had been buried a year before discovery
- ‘remarkable fake’
2
Q
Kennewick Man
A
- found along bank of Columbia river
- legal battles of race, role of science and application of federal law
- James Chatters
- preliminary analysis: European
- radiocarbon samples 9,000 years old (7330-7580 BC): paleo- Indian age, one of oldest prehistoric individuals in North America, but showed little resemblance of American Indians
- US army corps of engineers with tribal group confiscated remains - claiming rebuttal
- NAGPRA
- male in his 40s, well nourished, muscular and many injuries, arthritis
- looks like Patrick Stewart
- closest to Polynesians or Ainu of Japan
- prehistoric people multiple waves small distinct groups?
3
Q
James Chatters
A
- did the forensic analysis and identification of bones of the Kennewick man
4
Q
Great Serpent Mound
A
Adela culture burial mound
5
Q
Moundbuilders
A
- believed moundbuilders were vanished race because it was believed that Indians were too primitive to build mounds and produce artistic artifacts
- mounds and associated artifacts were more ancient than Indian culture
- stone tablets with European, Asian, African inscriptions
- Indians at contact had no knowledge of noundbuilding
- metal artifacts of silver, iron, and alloys of copper found in mounds
6
Q
Thomas Jefferson
A
- excavated burial mound in Virgins in 1780
- questioned origin of aboriginal peoples
- develop d archaeological methodology
- also firect d Lewis and Clark to investigate possible Irish Mandan near Canadian border
7
Q
Grace creek stone
A
- found I. West Virginia mound in 1838
- inscribed with 25 characters- could be evidence of primitive alphabet
- probably a fraud
8
Q
Sican
A
- 750-1350 CE
- north coast Peru
- closely related to Lambayeque culture
- royal burial at Huaca Lori by Izumi Shimada
9
Q
Windover
A
- bog in Florida
- 168 skeletons
- early archaic period
- peat big with excellent preservation of organically, including brains
- both adult males and females, and children
- good forensic evidence of disease and trauma
- many organic artifacts
10
Q
Hoyo Negro
A
Tulum, Mexico
- Naia, adult female, dated between 10,000-12,000 BP
- found in sink hole (cenote) near Tulum by cave divers
- associated with prehistoric animals (sloths, sabretooth cats)
- Native American DNA
11
Q
Windeby girl
A
- big body from Europe with blindfold suggesting she was executed
12
Q
Mitochondrial Eve
A
Common female ancestor from which all modern humans descended
13
Q
Spitalfields
A
Roman cemetery in London with lead pigs
14
Q
Lapedo child
A
- skeleton from Portugal with both Neanderthal and modern human characteristics
15
Q
Strontium isotope analysis
A
Used to determine geographical origins
16
Q
Dolni Vestonice
A
Upper Paleolithic burial of three individuals
- male at either side, female in centre
17
Q
Talheim
A
- bone pit in Germany with remains of violent death
18
Q
Vilnius
A
Mass grave of Napoleonic army in Lithuania
19
Q
Monte Alban
A
- tomb with rich grave offerings including weaving tools, which led to debate over individuals’ gender
20
Q
Batavia
A
- ship wrecked near Australia
21
Q
Terracotta warriors
A
Mold- made soldiers protecting tomb of elector
22
Q
Heracleion
A
Aiken city off coast of Egypt
- Atlantis?
23
Q
KV 5
A
- tomb of sons of Ramses II
24
Q
Qin Shi Huang
A
- emperor whose tomb featured effigy army (terracotta warriors)
25
Q
Canopic jars
A
- contained internal organs of mummified individuals
26
Q
Homo habilis
A
- Eastern Africa about 2.5-1.5 mya
- fossil remains often associated with crude Oldowan stone choppers, probabaly from scavenging from dead carcasses
- brain size of 550-700 cc, about 1/2 that of modern humans
27
Q
Solar boats
A
- great pyramid
- used to carry souls into eternity
28
Q
Cap Blanc Lady
A
- France
- site of the finest sculptures friezes (art) to survive the last ice age, first to be unearthed, and currently best to remain open to public
- horses, bison, and deer
- found Magdalenian
- skeleton one of only if ice age, and one of few found close primary to parietal art of the period
- ivory
29
Q
Amesbury Archer
A
- southern England
- grave with skeleton of adult male with arrowheads beakers and other artifacts (arrowheads on top of him)
- second burial of younger man found near
30
Q
Sir Leonard Woolley
A
- discovered royal cemetery of Ur
- 2000 flexed burials wrapped in reed matting
- ‘royal cemetery’ with 16 elaborate burials, including chariots and sacrifices
31
Q
Armana
A
Where Akhenaten retreated with his court
32
Q
San Jose de Moro..
A
Priestesses: women and Social power in the Andes
- Moche society
- Peruvian northern coast, natural disasters led to change
- priestess played role in ritual
- found goblet decorated with priestess (among sacrifices and other grave goods)
- all buried in this grave we’re women, main one was woman approx 40 years old
- indication she was of privileged social position
- later discovery of another elite women (much younger)
33
Q
Llullaillaco mummies
A
- volcano in Argentina in Inca empire
- llullaillaco sacrifices
- 3 tombs with frozen remains of sacrificial victims (little boy, little girl, and adolescent girl)
- still contained frozen blood
- the items found confirms idea for elaborate ceremony
34
Q
Anasazi
A
- ancestors of the Pueblo Indians four corners region American Southwest
- mass graves victims of tribal violence
- cannibalism? (Raiding parties from Mexico- cut marks on bones)
- warfare common (clubs common used, defensive architecture, Native American oral tradition)
35
Q
Hatshepsut
A
- Egypt cemetery security broke down- loot f
- wife of Tuthmosis II
- assumed role of pharaoh
- temple walls hacked, statues damaged monuments abandoned or usurped: history rewritten to deny that a woman had ever ruled as “king” of Egypt
- lady found could be her
- missing tooth found in box
- KV 60
36
Q
El Rayo
A
A necropolis from the Bagaces/ Samoa transition in pacific Nicaragua
- urn burials
- shoe pots
- stone shrine
- palisade foundation
37
Q
Great goddess
A
- teotihuacan
- mural
- spider women
38
Q
Zultepec
A
Aztecs
- bone clusters
- horse remains
- cannabilism?
- Spanish conquest
