Final Flashcards
Three steps to being a wise health care consumer:
- ) partner with your healthcare provider
- ) share in healthcare decision making
- ) become skilled at obtaining healthcare
Western medicine
Based on scientific principles; modern
Traditional medicine
Based on observation and theories; alternative medicine
Physicians assistant (PA)
Work under the physician but are trained in many aspects of patient care; care more about patient
Nurses: Registered Nurse (RN)
Trained in many aspects of patient care
Nurse practitioner (NP)
RN with additional training and skills to provide many care services
PT (physical therapy)
Trained to restore function, improve mobility, and relieve pain of those suffering from injury or disease
OT (occupational therapy)
Help people in home/ workplace perform daily tasks
Private insurance
Fee-for-service, traditional type of health care
Health maintenance organizations (HMOs)
Prepaid health insurance plans that are an alternative to private insurance
Medicare
Aged over 65 or have a specific disability to qualify
Affordable care act (2014) or Obamacare
Requires everyone to have healthcare by 2014
Medicaid
Provides insurance for low-income people
Why healthcare continues to rise
Malpractice insurance, Americans are living longer, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, overdeveloped medicine capabilities and expensive technologies, over trained/ over specialized physicians, administrative overhead
Abstinence
100% effective if followed
Condom (male/female)
Effective if not broken
Diaphragm (birth control)
86-94% effective, blacks sperm from reaching ovaries
Fertility awareness (birth control)
Being aware is the best way to help preventing anything
Birth control pill
91-99% effective, regulates menstrual cycle, decreases cramps, and if taken correctly can be 100% effective
Patch (birth control)
91% effective; releases hormones into the body to prevent pregnancy
Ring (birth control)
91-99% effective; inserted into vagina and releases hormones
Intrauterine device (IUD) (birth control)
Prevents pregnancy for 3-5 years; releases hormones into vagina
Progestin-only (birth control)
Mucus in the cervix thickens, makes difficult for sperm to enter uterus and fertilize eggs
Foam/gel (birth control)
Most effective when combined with other birth control forms
Tubal ligations (birth control-women)
Fallopian tubes are cut, burned, or blocked; 99.5% effective
Vasectomy (birth control-men)
Cutting of each vas deferens in half; not effective immediately- takes about 3 months to clear the remaining sperm
Basal metabolism
Basic amount of energy needed to stay alive (1,100 calories)
Proteins
Help strengthen the body
A complete protein contains 20 amino acids
Essential proteins
Through diet or body (can’t make them)
Nonessential proteins
Not required
Carbohydrates
Glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose
Complex: better carbs- starch (digestible), fiber (not digestible)
Lipids (fats)
Good fats: omega 3, Omega 6
Free radicals
Electronically charged particles that connect with others to form carcinogens; these form from broken down fats
Opiates
Analgesic, pain relief
Ex: codeine, heroin, methadone
Sedatives
Cough suppressant, sedation, tension relief
Ex: Amytal, Seconal, doriden
Minor tranquilizers
Anxiety relief, muscle tension
Ex: Librium, xanax
Alcohol
No medical benefits
Ex: beer, wine, liquor
Inhalants
Muscle relaxant, anesthetic
Ex: amyl nitrate, botyl nitrate, nitrous oxide
Stimulants
Weight control, narcolepsy, fatigue, and hyperactivity in children
Ex: Benzedrine, methadrine, preludin
Cocaine
Local anesthetic, pain relief
Ex: cocaine hydrochloride
Cannabis
Relief of glaucoma, asthma, nausea accompanying chemotherapy
Ex: marijuana, hashish
Hallucinogens
No medical benefits
Ex: LSD, peyote, mescaline
Nicotine
No medical uses
Ex: in tobacco
Familial disease
A condition more often occurs in family members than is expected by chance alone. May be genetic (ex: cystic fibrosis) or environmental (ex: chicken pox)
Hereditary disease
Conditions capable of being passed from parent to offspring through genes
Ex: hemophilia and baldness
Genetic counseling
Advice to parents concerning chances of genetic disorders in a future child
Homeopathy
The treatment of disease with small doses of natural substances that would produce symptoms of disease in a healthy person
Naturopathy
Alternative medicine based on the belief that treatment will occur without drugs by techniques such as diet control, exercise and massage
