Final

Question 1

What is a juvenile delinquent

Answer 1

Any minor who violated or attempts to violate the law prior to their 18th birthday.

Question 2

What is the lowest age of majority for juvenile delinquents and what are the ages in New York and North Carolina

Answer 2

Lowest age for criminal offence is 16
NY: seven years
NC: six years

Question 3

What is the cause that focuses on rising the age of majority

Answer 3

Roper v Simmons

Question 4

What percentage of violent and property crime do juveniles account for

Answer 4

Violent: 17%
Property: 26%

Question 5

How many cases in the McLean 100 showed signs of mental health issues

Answer 5

56% in 15/16 cases

Question 6

What are the percentages for parents in the home with the McLean 100?

Answer 6

20% no biological parent
15% 2 biological parents
65% one biological parent

Question 7

What are the percentages for parental criminal history in the McLean 100?

Answer 7

42% no criminal record
58% criminal record
47% mother
72% father 
81% of parents with criminal history are black

Question 8

What is parens Patriae

Answer 8

When the court acts as a substitute parent for a juvenile (ward of the court)

Question 9

What is a bench trial

Answer 9

Judge hears all evidence, no jury and judge decides guilt

Question 10

What is excluded jurisdiction

Answer 10

Statutory waiver
Any minor at least 16 at crime charges w first degree murder or aggravated criminal sexual assault or aggravated battery w firearm
Charged as adults

Question 11

What is a presumptive transfer

Answer 11

Judicial waiver
Have to go before judge and ask to be taken to adult court
Forcible felony or previous felony conviction or further gang activity on second felony

Question 12

What is a discretionary transfer

Answer 12

13+
Any offence
No longer good idea to keep in juvenile court
Looks at severity of offence

Question 13

What is concurrent jurisdiction and extended jurisdiction

Answer 13

13+
Any felony offence
Hearing for seriousness of offence and prior record
If found guilty will get two sentences one as an adult and one as a child
If violate will move from juvenile to adult

Question 14

What are the five main functions of a community corrections officer

Answer 14

Enforce supervision conditions 
Motivate offenders
Brokering 
Investigations and report writing
Victim assistance

Question 15

What are the four types of officers

Answer 15

Law enforcer
Therapeutic agents
Synethic agents
Time servers

Question 16

How do you get a community corrections job

Answer 16

Appointed (IL): apply w admin office of courts

Merit system: mainly state. Competitive exam then placed on ranked list

Question 17

In the federal system how many districts permit officers to hold firearms

Answer 17

85 out of 94

Question 18

How many states mandate the carrying of firearms for juvenile offenders

Answer 18

15

Question 19

What is role ambiguity and role conflict

Answer 19

A: may have difficulty handling the broad discretion they have over clients

C: difficulty reconciling enforcement v support.

Question 20

Which state has the most probationers in private probation companies

Answer 20

Georgia

Question 21

What is the statistics for prisoner re entry

Answer 21

95% return to
80% released on discretionary
20% released after entire sentence

Question 22

What are collateral consequences

Answer 22

Civil or political rights that are lost temporarily in some cases or permantely following a felony offence

Question 23

What is a surety bond?

Answer 23

Certificates signed by a principal and third party promise to pay employer jf failure to perform.

Question 24

What is the equal opportunity commission policy

Answer 24

An applicant cannot be dented solely because of a felony conviction unless it coincides with the job position.

Question 25

Which states prohibit employers from asking about arrests

Answer 25

MA
NY
WI

Question 26

Which case allowed ex felons to lose the right to vote

Answer 26

Richardson v Ramirez: 1970s

Question 27

Which states allow felons to vote

Answer 27

Maine and Vermont

Question 28

Which case banned firearm ownership at a federal level for felons

Answer 28

Beecham v us

Question 29

What two welfare support systems do drug offenders lose

Answer 29

Supplementary security income

Social security disability

Question 30

What is temporary assistance for needy families act

Answer 30

Federal
Denies food stamps and welfare benefits to anyone convicted of the possession or sale of controlled substances but allows states to modify.
13 lost - 11 kept