Final Flashcards
Apraxia
Ideomotor: unable to complete activity at will
Ideational: inability to comprehend the concept of movement or execute the act automatically or in response to a command
Constructional: deficit in the ability to copy, draw, or construct a design.
Types ofAttention (6)
Focused Attention
Sustained Attention
Selective Attention
Alternating Attention
Divided Attention
Concentration
Sustained Attention
Vigilance; maintaining attention for a long time
Focused Attention
Ability to respond to different kinds of stimulation
Selective Attention
Activating and inhibiting responses selectively
Concentration Attention
Ability to do mental work while attending
Divided Attention
Ability to do several things at once
Alternating Attention
Alternating back and forth between mental tasks
Low Vision Environmental Factors and Adaptions
Lighting
Contrast
Color
Pattern
Print Size
Working distance
Clock Method Eating
Low Vision Mobility Compensatory Strategies
Sighted Guiding
Hand Trailing
Protective Techniques
Assistance Animals
Low Vision Devices
Blind Cane
Braille and Talking Watches
Check Writing Guide
Talking Prescription Recorder
Low Vision Magnifier
Fatigue and MS
Primary MS Fatigue- directly due to MS disease process. Causation is poorly understood
Fatigue due to poor sleep- often related to muscle spasms, depression, or urinary problems
Fatigue due to depression
Nerve fiber or motor fatigue- probably related to inefficient nerve conduction
Fatigue due to impairments, such as weakness and spasticity
Fatigue secondary to medication side effects or infection
MS Energy Conservation
Decrease prolonged standing and walking
Take rest breaks
Teach the client about the relationship between increased body temp and increased fatigue
Maintain cooler body temperature (layering clothing, eliminating hot showers, sitting when showering, using a cooling vest when walking or active)
Shift important activities to the morning, use appropriate equipment
Stages of Cancer
Stage I: localized to one region
Stage II: spreads to adjacent area
Stage III: spreads to another organ
Stage IV: multiple organs/systems
Tremors
Intentional: tremor presents while performing an activity
Resting: tremor at rest
OT focus on proximal stabilization and support
Functional Capacity Evaluation
Objective assessment of an individual’s ability to perform work-related activity
Used to set goals for rehab and return to work, asses residual work capacity, and determine disability status
Types of MS
Relapsing Remitting: acute attack, then some degree of recovery. Another attack may/not happen
Secondary Progressive: follow relapse/remit then a progressive decline
Primary Progressive: progressive decline w/o remitting
Progressive Relapsing: progressive w/acute decline
Parkinson’s Disease
Slow progressive disease of the nervous system
Caused by degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra, resulting in damage to the basal ganglia
HIV
Retrovirus that results in a gradual deterioration of the immune system
Attacks T-cells, specialized cells that direct the immune response
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(ALS)
Progressive deterioration of motor neurons affecting voluntary muscle control
Alzheimer’s Disease
Progressive, slow deterioration of brain tissue resulting in decreased cognitive abilities including language and memory deficits, disturbances in the sense of time and place, personality changes , and emotional instability
Decrease Isolation in Parkinson’s Disease
Education on importance of timing act. with meds
Modification of leisure act. to encourage participation
Info on support and advocacy groups
Caregiver training for modifying communication and social activities
Writing modifications, including enlarged felt-tip pen and writing when rested
Communication aides: speed dial, large-key telephones, dictating devices, etc
Providing home exercise program to maintain facial movement and expression.
Signs of Nerve Degeneration
Skin Appearance
Primitive Protective Sensation
Paresthesia
Scattered points of Sweating
Discriminative Sensation
Muscle Tone
Voluntary Muscle Function
Initiation
executive function; the ability to begin a task without undue procrastination,
