FINAL Flashcards
moving a joint or extremity toward the midline of the body
adduction
moving a joint or extremity away from the midline of the body
abduction
turning a joint or an extremity on its axis toward the body’s midline
internal rotation
turning a joint or an extremity on its axis away from the bodys midline
external rotation
decreasing the angle between two bones
flexion
straightening a joint
extension
moving a joint past normal extension
hyperextension
turning the body or a body part to face upward
supination
turning the body or a body part to face downward
pronation
moving a body part in widening circles
circumduction
turning the feet inward so toes are pointing toward the midline
inversion
turning the feet outward so toes are pointing away from the midline
eversion
touching the thumb to each finger
opposition
forgetting to reposition a patient in a wheelchair for more than 1 hour may lead to
beginning of pressure ulcers
patients need to be repositioned in bed
every 2 hours
sitting in a wheelchair, without repositioning every hour can cause
pressure ulcers
bp
120/80
higher than 120/80
140/90
lower than 120/80
90/60
shearing can cause skin tears when
the patient is slid up in bed without lifting the body
the best wound care is
prevention
a patients body parts, when in a wheelchair exiting a room should be
contained inside the chair
when transferring a patient with a sit to stand the correct body position for the patient should be
elbows held closely to the body
who is responsible for wound protection
YOU
at least 5 beginning steps for bed bath
grab linens knock introduce self close curtain shut door
another name for nose bleed
epistaxis
another name for hiccup
singultus
another name for fainting
syncope
list 4 ending procedures of a bed bath
get them dressed
change the bed
call light, water, lower bed
open curtain
pulse rate range
60-100
when should you report the pulse to a nurse
above 100 or below 60
when should you report respirations to a nurse
above 20 or below 12
when should you report O2 levels to the nurse
below 85
where do you store dentures
in container with water
residents have the right to
privacy, safety, infection control
the rubbing of one surface against another
friction
when skin sticks to a surface while muscles slide in the direction the body is moving
shearing
how many times do you complete oral hygiene
a couple times a day. twice
involves bathing the face, hands, axillary, back buttocks, and perineal area
partial bath
what does RACE stand for
rescue alarm contain extinguish
how do you go down a ramp with a wheelchair
backwards
what do you know about isolation
how it spreads
what side is a garment removed from
strong side first
what side is a garment put on
weak side first
what are the 5 objectives
identify the role and responsibilities of the nursing assistant as a member of the health care team in the home and health care facilities.
function safely in the role of a beginning nursing assistant under the supervision of a licensed nurse.
demonstrate appropriate knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to provide nursing assistant level care to people of various ages, racial and ethnic backgrounds, at home and in healthcare facilities.
meet the requirements for and be eligible to take the required nurse aide competency exam, passage of which is necessary to be certified as a nursing assistant.
demonstrate a beginning understanding of the patients physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs
surgically created opening between the colon and abdominal wall
colostomy
surgically created opening between the ileum and the abdominal wall
ileostomy
signs, symptoms, and behaviors of alzheimers disease increase during hours of darkness
sundowning
what does CAB stand for
c- chest compression
a- airway maintenance
b- breathing
what are elastic stockings used for
make circulation flow
another name for elastic stockings
TED HOES
what do you do if there is a loose or wrinkled bandage
re apply (get a new one)
what is a catastrophic reaction
extreme responses; the person reacts as if there is a disaster or tragedy
if you don’t know what the nurse said what should you do
ask to clarify
seen, heard, felt, or smelled by an observer (signs)
objective data
things a person tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses
subjective data
before you get height and weight what should you do
ask the resident if they need to use the restroom
how do you take an apical pulse
on the apex of the heart
practices used to remove or destroy pathogens and to prevent their spread from one person or place to another person or place; clean technique
medical asepsis
the practices that keep items free of all microbes; sterile technique
surgical asepsis
PASS
pull aim squeeze sweep
prevent the hips and legs from turning outward
trochanter rolls
what is the purpose of bed cradles
keep the weight of top linens off the feet and toes because it will cause foot drop and pressure ulcers
purpose of foot boards
prevent plantar flexion that can lead to foot drop
hip abduction wedge
wedge is placed between persons legs; common after hip replacement
where are pillows put in a trochanter roll
under person from hip to knee, alongside body
head of bed is raised between 45-60 degrees
fowlers position
head of bed is raised 30 degrees
semi fowlers position
head of the bed is raised 60-90 degrees
high fowlers position
the back lying or dorsal recumbent position
supine position
lying on the abdomen with the head turned to one side
prone position
person lies on one side or the other; side-lying position
lateral position
left side lying position in which the upper leg is sharply flexed so it is not on the lower leg
sims position
90 mm Hg or higher but lower than 120 mmHg
systolic pressure
60 mm Hg or higher but lower than 80 mm Hg
diastolic pressure
oral temp
98.6
rectal temp
99.6
axillary
97.6
tympanic membrane
98.6
the loss of cognitive and social function caused by changes in the brain; interferes with routine personal, social, and occupational activities
dementia
how do you use validation therapy with a person with dementia
listen and provide empathy
24 hour specimen
urine is chilled on ice or refrigerated
brain disease
alz
many nerve cells that control intellectual and social function are damaged and die
alz
presentation of orientation information (eg time, place and person-related) which is thought to provide the person with a greater understanding of their surroundings, possibly resulting in an improved sense of control and self-esteem
reality orientation
restoring the person to his/her highest possible level of physical, psychological, social and economic function
rehab
what is the goal of rehab
prevent further loss of function
how do you feed a person who had a stroke
on their strong side
perineal and rectal areas are immersed in warm or hot water
sitz bath
what are sitz baths common for
hemorrhoids, surgeries
t or f you can apply heat to a metal implant
false
what causes dilation
heat applications
what causes constrictions
cold applications
how often do you check a person with a heat or cold application
every 5 minutes
5 stages of dying
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance
what do you do for post mortem care
moving the body in good alignment
remove all tubes in the body
bathed soiled areas and replace with new ones
how do you do peri care
front to back
if a resident has a burn you do not
take off clothes
compress
small
pack
big
how much mL to survive
1500; normal output
how much is average mL
2500
how do you cut nails
straight across
top linens are not folded back
closed bed
top linens are fan folded back so person can get into bed
open bed
made with person in it
occupied bed
made to transfer a person from a stretcher to a bed
surgical bed
breathing fluid, food, vomitus, or an object into the lungs
aspirations
same amount of carbs, proteins, and fats are eaten at the same time each day
diabetes
what do you do to relieve choking
heimlich or abdominal thrusts
when are rescue breaths given
when there is a pulse but no breathing or only gasping
how many breaths are given every 30 chest compressions
2
excessive loss of blood in a short time
hemorrhage
persons with known or suspected infections or conditions that increases the risk of contract transmission
contact precautions
persons with known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by respiratory droplets; coughing, sneezing, talking
droplet
persons with known to be infected with pathogens transmitted person to person by airborne route; measles, chicken pox
airborne
keeps pathogens within a certain area
isolation precaution
most pathogens need what to grow
water, oxygen, nourishment
what does not prevent health care associated infections
sterilizing all care items
