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philosophy 3 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Visceral afferent nerve impulses reflexively cause somatic problems through the mechanism of anterior horn cell facilitation

A

Viscerosomatic reflex hypothesis

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2
Q

The subluxation can lead to lowered tissue resistance and compromise the body’s ability to adapt to microorganisms

A

Neurodystorphic/neuroimmune hypothesis

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3
Q

Neurotrophic support can be adversely affected by the disruption of axoplasmic transport mechanisms

A

Axoplasmic aberration hypothesis

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4
Q

Subluxations can affect mental state and emotion

A

Somatopsychic hypothesis

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5
Q

Mental stress can cause subluxations through postural changes, diaphragm tension and other neurologic effects

A

Psychogenic hypothesis

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6
Q

Distortion of the intervertebral foramen causes mechanical compression, stretch, traction or torsion of spinal nerves or nerve roots with subsequent injury and dysfunction

A

Nerve compression hypothesis

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7
Q

Articular alterations and nociceptive signals from subluxated motion segments cause dysafferentation to the spinal cord, disrupting normal postural muscle tone and reflexively disturbing other somatic functions as well

A

Somatosomatic/somatomotor reflex hypothesis

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8
Q

Cervical subluxations can cause vascular insufficiency to the brain by direct arterial compression

A

Vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency hypothesis

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9
Q

Upper cervical misalignments can cause stress to the spinal cord

A

Spinal cord compression/myelopathy hypothesis

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10
Q

Which structures are affected FIRST by very slight amounts of compression in the IVF

A

Veins and lymphatics

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11
Q

The vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency hypothesis is based on what proposed mechanism

A

Subluxations of the cervical segments can cause direct pressure on the vertebral arteries, obstructing the lumen of the vessels and causing a loss of blood flow to the brain

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12
Q

The subluxation can involve facilitation of the lateral horn cells, leading to visceral dysfunction via altered sympathetic innvervation

A

Somatoautonomic/ somatovisceral reflex hypothesis

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13
Q

The axoplasmic aberration hypothesis is the suggestion that

A

Axoplasmic transport may be altered in certain cases in which the spinal nerve roots are compressed or irritated by the intervertebral subluxation

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14
Q

Within the IVF there is a connective tissue which divides the IVF into compartments and therefore limits the ability of other IVF components to avoid compression trauma. WHat is the structre

A

Transforaminal ligament

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15
Q

The neurodystrophic hypothesis is the concept that _____

A

Neural dysfunction lowers the resistance of the body to infectious agents

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16
Q

Why are veins and lymphatic vessels important structures in the trophic models of subluxation

A

They are more quickly affected by compression than other IVF components

17
Q

One of Irvin Korr’s contributions to the knowledge base concering the nature of the subluxation was his work in the area of

A

Axoplasmic transport and neurotrophic effects

18
Q

Which is one of the trophic models of subluxation complex

A

Intraneural microcirculation ischemia

19
Q

Sleep disturbances, emotional changes and symptoms of altered cognitive function as a result of subluxation effects are among the effects explained by the _____ hypothesis

A

Somatopsychic

20
Q

What is the name of the hyposthesis that decreased cerebral blood flow due to several subluxations effects can cause hibernation of certain brain functions

A

Cerebral dysfunction theory

21
Q

Ischemic conditon affecting nerves tend to first cause

A

Hyperirritability

22
Q

A patient experiences a recurrent spinal subluxation associated with an overuse inflammation of tendons at the elbow. What hypothesis explains this

A

Somatosomatic reflex

23
Q

A child with chronic relapsing ear infecrtions experiences much better health and a decrease in the frequency and severity of infections after receiving chiropractic care. What hypothesis is used to explain this experience

A

Neurodysrophic

24
Q

A patient experiences significant emotional stress that is found to cause a frequent recurrence of subluxations. What hypothesis applies to this situation

A

Psychogenic or Psychosomatic

25
Q

What level of care does Dr Strang apparently consider to be the ideal in chiropractic practice

A

Chiropractors attempt to restore normal structure and function by reducing, stabilizing, or correcting subluxation complexes; they also work with patients in preventing the occurrences or recurrences of subluxations

26
Q

How can chronic mental stress be a factor in the cause or perpetuation of subluxation complexes

A

Chronic diaphragm hypertonicity

Negative body language/ poor posture

Visceral pathology can be a source of viscerosomatic dysafferentation

27
Q

The loeser pain hierarchy illustrates what concept relating to subluxations

A

Pain behaviour can persist after tissue healing has taken place

28
Q

What is a mechanism by which a person who has a major surgery might develop a subluxation complex afterwards

A

Positing under anesthesia

Poor nociceptive imput from tissues

Mentally from negative statments from the surgeon

29
Q

How can exercise help prevent subluxations

A

Strengthen Balance and postural muscles

Improve joint motion

Lower sympathetic nervous system tone

30
Q

T/F

A nerve undergoing compression stress may temporarily demonstrate reduced axoplasmic flow characteristics while continuing to conduct impulses normally

A

True

31
Q

T/F A person with a job that involves repetitive motions or positions that are habitual will be less
likely to develop subluxations than will a person whose work habits involve constantly varied
activity

A

False

32
Q

T/F A long-time cigarette smoker may show evidence of an upper thoracic subluxation complex
possibly through the mechanism of the viscerosomatic reflex

A

True

33
Q

T/F If a person has never suffered an accident or fall, it is not likely that the chiropractor will find
evidence of subluxation complex in that person

A

False

34
Q

T/F The causes of subluxation include mechanical, chemical, and mental forms of stress

A

True

35
Q

T/F D.D. Palmer believed that the toxins in food, drink, and medications could cause spinal
subluxations

A

True

36
Q

T/F Gravity can be considered to be a continuous microtraumatic stress that can be a factor in
causing subluxations

A

True

37
Q

T/F The patient’s emotional state does not have an effect on the response to adjustments, or the
ability to maintain correction

A

False

38
Q

T/F Moderate general exercise is one factor that can help prevent the occurrence of subluxation
complexes

A

True

39
Q

T/F Chiropractic care has been reported to help certain patients with insomnia, and emotional
disorders such as neuroses

A

True

philosophy 3 (1 decks)

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