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Final Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

animal science

A

scientific field concerned with both vet science and animal production

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2
Q

animal husbandry

A

animal care and management, based on common sense and proven practice

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3
Q

management

A

meeting an animal’s needs in a confined space

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4
Q

symbiosis

A

mutually beneficial relationship

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5
Q

domestication

A

taming of an animal species for use by mankind

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6
Q

feral

A

domesticated species living wild

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7
Q

Wild

A

undomesticated species living wild

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8
Q

tame

A

animal that accepts human presence

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9
Q

spay

A

surgical removal of ovaries

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10
Q

neuter

A

surgical removal of testicles

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11
Q

euthanasia

A

a painless killing; putting an animal “to sleep”

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12
Q

process of domestication

A

1) Animals first supplied basic human needs
2) Nomadic lifestyle changes; animals confined, crops grown
3) Animals bred for selective traits
4) Result: Reliable Food Source
5) Less migration led to development of cities
6) so, animal domestication has greatly influenced the civilized world today

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13
Q

choosing a pet/sources of pets

A 
1)shelter
\+save a life
-no background
2)breeder
\+know history
-expensive 
3)Pet Store
\+availability 
-Puppy Mills
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14
Q

a choosing a pet considerations

A

1) lifestyle
2) cost
- purchase and maintenance
- future: mature animal and owner’s plans
3) suitability
4) family concerns (allergy: hypersensitivity)
5) fads/status symbols
6) use
- companion
- breeding
- show
- work/sport

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15
Q

“costs” of having an animal

A
  • initial cost

- management

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16
Q

owner responsibilities

A

personal
-things you provide for the animal (time, labor, knowledge, proper environment)
social
-must consider your neighbors
(safety, fencing, health issues, noise, pollution)
legal
-responsibilities dictated by law
(liability: legal responsibility, zoning: sets legal standards, licensing: a must for dogs, animal disposal)

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17
Q

overpopulation issues

A
  • 10-12 million healthy dogs and cats are euthanized each year because there are more of them than there are homes/shelters
    • solutions: encourage owners to spay/neuter their pets, euthanasia, owner education programs, more pet training programs, and more animal control laws
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18
Q

cat Latin name

A

feline

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19
Q

cat scientific name

A

Felis catus

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20
Q

male cat

A

tom

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21
Q

female cat

A

queen

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22
Q

baby cat

A

kitten

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23
Q

cat parturition

A

queening

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24
Q

dog Latin name

A

Canine

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25
Q

dog scientific name

A

Canis familiaris

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26
Q

male dog

A

stud

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27
Q

female dog

A

bitch

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28
Q

baby dog

A

puppy

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29
Q

castrated male dog

A

dog

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30
Q

dog parturition

A

whelping

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31
Q

rabbit Latin name

A

lagomorph

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32
Q

rabbit scientific name

A

Oryctolalgus cunniculus

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33
Q

male rabbit

A

buck

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34
Q

female rabbit

A

doe

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35
Q

rabbit baby

A

kit

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36
Q

rabbit parturition

A

kitting

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37
Q

castrated male rabbit

A

leoprine

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38
Q

cattle Latin name

A

Bovine

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39
Q

scientific name

A

Bos taurus

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40
Q

male cattle

A

Bull

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41
Q

female cattle

A

cow

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42
Q

baby cattle

A

calf

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43
Q

young female cattle

A

heifer

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44
Q

castrated male cattle

A

steer

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45
Q

parturition cattle

A

calving

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46
Q

Guinea pig Latin name

A

cavy

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47
Q

Guinea pig scientific name

A

Cavia porcellus

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48
Q

male Guinea pig

A

boar

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49
Q

female Guinea pig

A

sow

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50
Q

young female pig

A

piglet

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51
Q

adult female pig

A

sow

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52
Q

castrated male pig

A

barrow

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53
Q

intact male pig

A

boar

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54
Q

pig parturition

A

farrowing

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55
Q

female sheep

A

ewe

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56
Q

baby sheep

A

lamb

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57
Q

castrated male sheep

A

wether

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58
Q

intact male sheep

A

ram

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59
Q

parturition sheep

A

lambing

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60
Q

female goat

A

doe

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61
Q

baby goat

A

kid

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62
Q

castrated male goat

A

wether

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63
Q

intact male goat

A

buck

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64
Q

goat parturition

A

kidding

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65
Q

female chicken

A

hen

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66
Q

immature female chicken

A

pullet

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67
Q

intact male chicken

A

rooster

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68
Q

chicken parturition

A

laying

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69
Q

young female horse

A

filly

70
Q

castrated male horse

A

gelding

71
Q

intact male horse

A

stallion

72
Q

baby horse

A

foal

73
Q

pig latin name

A

swine

74
Q

horse latin name

A

equine

75
Q

sheep latin name

A

ovine

76
Q

goats latin name

A

caprine

77
Q

parrots latin name

A

psittacine

78
Q

chinchilla latin name

A

chinchillidae

79
Q

what is the science of naming and classifying organism

A

taxonomy

80
Q

who invented the naming system

A

linnaeus

81
Q

what kingdom are all of the animals we study classified in

A

animalia (animals)

82
Q

what phylum are all of the animals we study classified in

A

chordata (backbone)

83
Q

what class of animals are warm-blooded, have hair on thier bodies, lactate and give birth to live young?

A

mammilia (mammels)

84
Q

what class of animals are warm blooded, have feathers and hollow bones, and lay eggs?

A

aves (birds)

85
Q

what class of animals are cold blooded, have a three-chambered heart, have scales on thier bodies, and lay eggs?

A

reptilia (reptiles)

86
Q

what is the fastest dog breed

A

greyhound

87
Q

what sporting breed is known for its mahogany coat

A

irish setter

88
Q

which breed from africa has a “cowlick” on its back and hunted lions

A

rhodesian ridgeback

89
Q

how do you refer to black and white coloring on a great dane

A

harlequin

90
Q

what is the tallest dog breed

A

irish wolfhound

91
Q

what coat color creates a “roan” appearance

A

solid black hairs with white hairs

92
Q

which dog is from Japan and has a curled tail

A

akita

93
Q

which dog, from Africa, is considered “barkless”

A

basenji

94
Q

which is the only AKC breed to originate in Mexico

A

chihuahua

95
Q

what color tongue does the ChowChow have

A

blue/black

96
Q

what breed of dog is said to have bat ears

A

french bulldog

97
Q

name the terrier breed with a tenacious temperament and a very muscular body that was originally used for bull and bear baiting

A

bull terrier

98
Q

which breed is known for its silver and golden eyes

A

weimaraner

99
Q

which breed is commonly known for pulling sleds

A

siberian husky

100
Q

which herding breed has a corded coat

A

puli

101
Q

what breed is known for its “hippopotamus” muzzle and wrinkled skin

A

sharpei

102
Q

what dog is known as the “American Gentleman”

A

boston terrier

103
Q

which AKC breed comes in “hairless” variety

A

chinese crested

104
Q

what breed of dog is born white, but gets its distinctive spots after two weeks of age

A

dalmation

105
Q

what herding dog looks like a miniature collie

A

shetland sheepdog

106
Q

which breed originated in Tibet and is part of non-sporting group

A

tibetan terrier

107
Q

which is the largest terrier breed

A

airdale terrier

108
Q

what chinese toy breed was said to be the offspring of lion and a monkey

A

pekingese

109
Q

toy group

A

bred to be companions and pets

110
Q

herding group

A

bred to aid farmers in the herding of livestock

111
Q

terrier group

A

small, brave hunters

112
Q

miscellaneous group

A

newly recognized breeds

113
Q

hound group

A

independent hunters by sight or scent

114
Q

working group

A

bred for labor and to work closely with mankind

115
Q

non-sporting group

A

companion dogs no longer used for their original purpose

116
Q

sporting

A

bred to assist hunters in the pursuit of game

117
Q

what are two of the four types of dogs found within the Sporting group

A

retrievers, setter

118
Q

what are the two types of dogs found withing the hound group

A

see and sight

119
Q

__% of Americans own pets

A

60

120
Q

the most popular pet is the ___; the second popular pet is the ___

A

cat;dog

121
Q

the two “costs” of owning a pet are

A

management and source

122
Q

what instrument is used to take repiration

A

stethoscope

123
Q

what instrement is used to take temperature

A

thermometer

124
Q

how many lymph nodes are there

A

5

125
Q

the only vaccination that is required by law is

A

rabies

126
Q

the vaccine that you must have to bring your dog to most kennels is

A

bordetella

127
Q

this disease causes central nervous system damage, respiratory distress, and gastrointestinal distress in dogs

A

canine distemper

128
Q

this dease causes edema of the head, neck and abdomen, liver inflammation, and “blue eye”

A

canine hepatits

129
Q

the disease is a bacterial infection which results in lameness, joint pain, and a bull’s eye rash. transmitted by deer ticks

A

lyme disease

130
Q

this disease is causes by a virus, causes respiratory infection symptoms, it is passed by infected aerosal droplets

A

parainfluenza

131
Q

this terrifying, deadly disease is charaterized by yellow/gray diarrhea with bloody vomit. death is usually in 72 hours

A

parvovirus

132
Q

this virus is characterized by the ulcers it causes in the mouths of kittens

A

calici virus

133
Q

this zoonotic virus can cause miscarriages in pregnant women and comprises the immune system of kitten

A

FeLV

134
Q

this disease is similar to HIV in humans but is seen in cats

A

FIV

135
Q

bordetella

A

a virus that if you want your dog to board at a kennel is normally needed , most known symptom is the dry-hacking cough the dog will have. also called “kennel cough”

136
Q

FIP

A

causes decrease of lung capacity and edema is around the lungs/thorax. it is a respiratory disease in cats

137
Q

FeLV

A

this desease is zoonotic, it causes miscarriages in babies and it affects the immune system of the kitten

138
Q

zoonotic

A

can be spread from animals to humans

139
Q

jaundice

A

yellowing of skin and whites of eyes

140
Q

mucus membranes

A

the epithelial tissues that secretes mucus

141
Q

dog vaccination schedule

A

6-8 weeks: 1st DHLPP
10-12 weeks: 2nd DHLPP and 1st Lyme
14-16 weeks: 3rd DHLPP, 2nd Lyme, 1st Rabies, 1st Bordetella
7 months: heartworm preventative
1 year: 1st adult DHLPP
after: every year=lepto and every 3 years=DHPP

142
Q

DHLPP`

A 
Distemper
Hepatits
Leptospirosis
Parvovirus
Parainfluenza
143
Q

FVRCP

A

FVR= Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis
Calici Virus
Panleukopenia

144
Q

T/F: dogs are sensitive to food shapes

A

F

145
Q

T/F: DE stands for disgusting entrails

A

F

146
Q

T/F: Horsemeat requires specific labeling on feed

A

T

147
Q

T/F: Cats require more protein than dogs

A

T

148
Q

T/F: the most important essential nutrient is lipids

A

F

149
Q

T/F: ruminants have 4 stomachs

A

F

150
Q

T/F: water provides the transport of nutrients

A

T

151
Q

T/F: fillers are considered to be grains, corn, and wheat

A

T

152
Q

T/F: the more fillers in a feed the less stool is produced

A

F

153
Q

T/F: the first 3 ingredients are the most important on a label

A

F

154
Q

what are the three types of pet foods?

A

wet food, dry food, and semi-moist food

155
Q

what are the 4 compartments of a ruminant stomach

A

rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum

156
Q

what are the functions of each compartment of the ruminant stomach

A

rumen= “storage vat”, with microbes
reticulum=”honeycomb”, removes waster
omasum=”book”, filters/absorbs
abomasum=”true stomach”, chemically digests food

157
Q

what is the purpose of preservatives when they are added to pet food

A

preservative (also, known as antioxidants) allows a longer shelf life for food

158
Q

who is the National Council and what do they do

A

they research the amount of nutrients animals should be ingesting a day

159
Q

explain what fillers are and give 2 examples

A

they have no nutritional value and they bulk up food. corn and wheat

160
Q

3 similarities between monogastric digestive systems and ruminant digestive systems

A
  • both absorb water/nutrients so the body can complete functions
  • both have a “true stomach” that chemically digests food
  • they both break down food mechanically and chemically in order for the body to absorb the important nutrients
161
Q

3 differences between monogastric digestive systems and ruminant digestive systems

A

-ruminant=4 stomach chambers
monogastric=1 stomach
-ruminant can filler hardware, we can not
-ruminant “chew cud” and we can not dot that because we have a one-way valve

162
Q

list three things that we can add to our pet’s food in order to improve coat quality

A
  • add one cooked egg with a tbsp of oil weekly
  • add one Tbsp bacon grease 2x per week
  • add one Tbsp peanut butter daily
163
Q

what two categories of vitamins and what vitamins are included in each

A
  • fat soluble: ADEK

- water soluble: BC

164
Q

water

A

allows nutrients to flow through the body and allows the body to function properly

165
Q

carbohydrate

A

give 2.25x more energy then fats

166
Q

fat

A

provides and stores energy

167
Q

proteins

A
  • makes up muscles and bones and are found in hormones and enzymes
  • amount of nitrogen that is provided
168
Q

offal

A

intestines of sheep, cow, goat and pigs that are used as food

169
Q

vitamins

A

essential for body processes (growth/reproduction)

170
Q

minerals

A

provide structural support (macro/micro)

171
Q

fiber

A

allows for removal of indigestable material

Veterinary Science (21 decks)

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