Final Flashcards
animal science
scientific field concerned with both vet science and animal production
animal husbandry
animal care and management, based on common sense and proven practice
management
meeting an animal’s needs in a confined space
symbiosis
mutually beneficial relationship
domestication
taming of an animal species for use by mankind
feral
domesticated species living wild
Wild
undomesticated species living wild
tame
animal that accepts human presence
spay
surgical removal of ovaries
neuter
surgical removal of testicles
euthanasia
a painless killing; putting an animal “to sleep”
process of domestication
1) Animals first supplied basic human needs
2) Nomadic lifestyle changes; animals confined, crops grown
3) Animals bred for selective traits
4) Result: Reliable Food Source
5) Less migration led to development of cities
6) so, animal domestication has greatly influenced the civilized world today
choosing a pet/sources of pets
1)shelter \+save a life -no background 2)breeder \+know history -expensive 3)Pet Store \+availability -Puppy Mills
a choosing a pet considerations
1) lifestyle
2) cost
- purchase and maintenance
- future: mature animal and owner’s plans
3) suitability
4) family concerns (allergy: hypersensitivity)
5) fads/status symbols
6) use
- companion
- breeding
- show
- work/sport
“costs” of having an animal
- initial cost
- management
owner responsibilities
personal
-things you provide for the animal (time, labor, knowledge, proper environment)
social
-must consider your neighbors
(safety, fencing, health issues, noise, pollution)
legal
-responsibilities dictated by law
(liability: legal responsibility, zoning: sets legal standards, licensing: a must for dogs, animal disposal)
overpopulation issues
- 10-12 million healthy dogs and cats are euthanized each year because there are more of them than there are homes/shelters
- solutions: encourage owners to spay/neuter their pets, euthanasia, owner education programs, more pet training programs, and more animal control laws
cat Latin name
feline
cat scientific name
Felis catus
male cat
tom
female cat
queen
baby cat
kitten
cat parturition
queening
dog Latin name
Canine
dog scientific name
Canis familiaris
male dog
stud
female dog
bitch
baby dog
puppy
castrated male dog
dog
dog parturition
whelping
rabbit Latin name
lagomorph
rabbit scientific name
Oryctolalgus cunniculus
male rabbit
buck
female rabbit
doe
rabbit baby
kit
rabbit parturition
kitting
castrated male rabbit
leoprine
cattle Latin name
Bovine
scientific name
Bos taurus
male cattle
Bull
female cattle
cow
baby cattle
calf
young female cattle
heifer
castrated male cattle
steer
parturition cattle
calving
Guinea pig Latin name
cavy
Guinea pig scientific name
Cavia porcellus
male Guinea pig
boar
female Guinea pig
sow
young female pig
piglet
adult female pig
sow
castrated male pig
barrow
intact male pig
boar
pig parturition
farrowing
female sheep
ewe
baby sheep
lamb
castrated male sheep
wether
intact male sheep
ram
parturition sheep
lambing
female goat
doe
baby goat
kid
castrated male goat
wether
intact male goat
buck
goat parturition
kidding
female chicken
hen
immature female chicken
pullet
intact male chicken
rooster
chicken parturition
laying
young female horse
filly
castrated male horse
gelding
intact male horse
stallion
baby horse
foal
pig latin name
swine
horse latin name
equine
sheep latin name
ovine
goats latin name
caprine
parrots latin name
psittacine
chinchilla latin name
chinchillidae
what is the science of naming and classifying organism
taxonomy
who invented the naming system
linnaeus
what kingdom are all of the animals we study classified in
animalia (animals)
what phylum are all of the animals we study classified in
chordata (backbone)
what class of animals are warm-blooded, have hair on thier bodies, lactate and give birth to live young?
mammilia (mammels)
what class of animals are warm blooded, have feathers and hollow bones, and lay eggs?
aves (birds)
what class of animals are cold blooded, have a three-chambered heart, have scales on thier bodies, and lay eggs?
reptilia (reptiles)
what is the fastest dog breed
greyhound
what sporting breed is known for its mahogany coat
irish setter
which breed from africa has a “cowlick” on its back and hunted lions
rhodesian ridgeback
how do you refer to black and white coloring on a great dane
harlequin
what is the tallest dog breed
irish wolfhound
what coat color creates a “roan” appearance
solid black hairs with white hairs
which dog is from Japan and has a curled tail
akita
which dog, from Africa, is considered “barkless”
basenji
which is the only AKC breed to originate in Mexico
chihuahua
what color tongue does the ChowChow have
blue/black
what breed of dog is said to have bat ears
french bulldog
name the terrier breed with a tenacious temperament and a very muscular body that was originally used for bull and bear baiting
bull terrier
which breed is known for its silver and golden eyes
weimaraner
which breed is commonly known for pulling sleds
siberian husky
which herding breed has a corded coat
puli
what breed is known for its “hippopotamus” muzzle and wrinkled skin
sharpei
what dog is known as the “American Gentleman”
boston terrier
which AKC breed comes in “hairless” variety
chinese crested
what breed of dog is born white, but gets its distinctive spots after two weeks of age
dalmation
what herding dog looks like a miniature collie
shetland sheepdog
which breed originated in Tibet and is part of non-sporting group
tibetan terrier
which is the largest terrier breed
airdale terrier
what chinese toy breed was said to be the offspring of lion and a monkey
pekingese
toy group
bred to be companions and pets
herding group
bred to aid farmers in the herding of livestock
terrier group
small, brave hunters
miscellaneous group
newly recognized breeds
hound group
independent hunters by sight or scent
working group
bred for labor and to work closely with mankind
non-sporting group
companion dogs no longer used for their original purpose
sporting
bred to assist hunters in the pursuit of game
what are two of the four types of dogs found within the Sporting group
retrievers, setter
what are the two types of dogs found withing the hound group
see and sight
__% of Americans own pets
60
the most popular pet is the ___; the second popular pet is the ___
cat;dog
the two “costs” of owning a pet are
management and source
what instrument is used to take repiration
stethoscope
what instrement is used to take temperature
thermometer
how many lymph nodes are there
5
the only vaccination that is required by law is
rabies
the vaccine that you must have to bring your dog to most kennels is
bordetella
this disease causes central nervous system damage, respiratory distress, and gastrointestinal distress in dogs
canine distemper
this dease causes edema of the head, neck and abdomen, liver inflammation, and “blue eye”
canine hepatits
the disease is a bacterial infection which results in lameness, joint pain, and a bull’s eye rash. transmitted by deer ticks
lyme disease
this disease is causes by a virus, causes respiratory infection symptoms, it is passed by infected aerosal droplets
parainfluenza
this terrifying, deadly disease is charaterized by yellow/gray diarrhea with bloody vomit. death is usually in 72 hours
parvovirus
this virus is characterized by the ulcers it causes in the mouths of kittens
calici virus
this zoonotic virus can cause miscarriages in pregnant women and comprises the immune system of kitten
FeLV
this disease is similar to HIV in humans but is seen in cats
FIV
bordetella
a virus that if you want your dog to board at a kennel is normally needed , most known symptom is the dry-hacking cough the dog will have. also called “kennel cough”
FIP
causes decrease of lung capacity and edema is around the lungs/thorax. it is a respiratory disease in cats
FeLV
this desease is zoonotic, it causes miscarriages in babies and it affects the immune system of the kitten
zoonotic
can be spread from animals to humans
jaundice
yellowing of skin and whites of eyes
mucus membranes
the epithelial tissues that secretes mucus
dog vaccination schedule
6-8 weeks: 1st DHLPP
10-12 weeks: 2nd DHLPP and 1st Lyme
14-16 weeks: 3rd DHLPP, 2nd Lyme, 1st Rabies, 1st Bordetella
7 months: heartworm preventative
1 year: 1st adult DHLPP
after: every year=lepto and every 3 years=DHPP
DHLPP`
Distemper Hepatits Leptospirosis Parvovirus Parainfluenza
FVRCP
FVR= Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis
Calici Virus
Panleukopenia
T/F: dogs are sensitive to food shapes
F
T/F: DE stands for disgusting entrails
F
T/F: Horsemeat requires specific labeling on feed
T
T/F: Cats require more protein than dogs
T
T/F: the most important essential nutrient is lipids
F
T/F: ruminants have 4 stomachs
F
T/F: water provides the transport of nutrients
T
T/F: fillers are considered to be grains, corn, and wheat
T
T/F: the more fillers in a feed the less stool is produced
F
T/F: the first 3 ingredients are the most important on a label
F
what are the three types of pet foods?
wet food, dry food, and semi-moist food
what are the 4 compartments of a ruminant stomach
rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum
what are the functions of each compartment of the ruminant stomach
rumen= “storage vat”, with microbes
reticulum=”honeycomb”, removes waster
omasum=”book”, filters/absorbs
abomasum=”true stomach”, chemically digests food
what is the purpose of preservatives when they are added to pet food
preservative (also, known as antioxidants) allows a longer shelf life for food
who is the National Council and what do they do
they research the amount of nutrients animals should be ingesting a day
explain what fillers are and give 2 examples
they have no nutritional value and they bulk up food. corn and wheat
3 similarities between monogastric digestive systems and ruminant digestive systems
- both absorb water/nutrients so the body can complete functions
- both have a “true stomach” that chemically digests food
- they both break down food mechanically and chemically in order for the body to absorb the important nutrients
3 differences between monogastric digestive systems and ruminant digestive systems
-ruminant=4 stomach chambers
monogastric=1 stomach
-ruminant can filler hardware, we can not
-ruminant “chew cud” and we can not dot that because we have a one-way valve
list three things that we can add to our pet’s food in order to improve coat quality
- add one cooked egg with a tbsp of oil weekly
- add one Tbsp bacon grease 2x per week
- add one Tbsp peanut butter daily
what two categories of vitamins and what vitamins are included in each
- fat soluble: ADEK
- water soluble: BC
water
allows nutrients to flow through the body and allows the body to function properly
carbohydrate
give 2.25x more energy then fats
fat
provides and stores energy
proteins
- makes up muscles and bones and are found in hormones and enzymes
- amount of nitrogen that is provided
offal
intestines of sheep, cow, goat and pigs that are used as food
vitamins
essential for body processes (growth/reproduction)
minerals
provide structural support (macro/micro)
fiber
allows for removal of indigestable material
